5. The AR6 says that the best estimate of equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) is 3∘C. This does "not" mean that the IPCC says that global temperature anomaly for the 21 " century will be 3∘C. In a fow sentences, explain why an DCS of 3 does not necessarily mean there will be 3 of warming. ( 8 points)

The Nile is the longest river in the world.

Answer:

The Nile is a major north-flowing river in northeastern Africa. It flows into the Mediterranean Sea. The Nile is the longest river in Africa and has historically been considered the longest river in the world, though this has been contested by research suggesting that the Amazon River is slightly longer.

Donor democracy and donor fatigue are related to Africa's political geography. Donor democracy refers to foreign aid given to promote democratic values in recipient countries.

It is done to encourage democratic practices and institutions in these countries. Donor fatigue refers to a decrease in willingness to provide aid due to the perception that aid is not making a significant impact. Africa's political geography is a source of discussion because of the role that foreign aid plays in shaping political practices and institutions in the continent.

Donor democracy is used to describe the role that foreign aid plays in shaping democratic practices and institutions in African countries. It reveals that there is a reliance on foreign aid to promote democracy in African countries. It also shows that democracy in Africa is not an organic process, but one that is imposed from the outside.

Donor fatigue, on the other hand, reveals that there is a decrease in the willingness to provide aid to African countries. This decrease can be due to a lack of success in promoting democracy in the continent or other reasons such as economic downturns in donor countries. Thus, donor democracy and donor fatigue highlight the complex relationship between foreign aid, democracy, and politics in Africa.

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Waves and streams can undercut banks and cliffs, causing them to fail are examples of how water can promote mass wasting.

Both a and b are examples of how water can promote mass wasting. When water saturates sediment, it can increase the weight of the slope and reduce its stability, making it more prone to movement. Additionally, when water infiltrates sediment, it can partially fill the pore spaces between grains, which reduces slope cohesion and can also increase the likelihood of mass wasting. Option c is not correct because adding water to weathered particles may increase their mass but does not necessarily promote mass wasting. Option d is also incorrect because water does not enhance the ability of vegetation to grow on weathered particles, and vegetation actually has the opposite effect by stabilizing slopes and reducing the likelihood of mass wasting. Finally, option e is correct but does not specifically involve water promoting mass wasting; rather, it is the action of waves and streams undercutting banks and cliffs that can cause them to fail.

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The approximate ratio of nitrogen emissions from livestock agriculture to those from fossil fuel burning is about 1:1. Livestock agriculture, particularly through animal waste and fertilizer use, is a significant contributor to nitrogen emissions, comparable to emissions from burning fossil fuels.



Nitrogen emissions from livestock agriculture primarily originate from two main sources: animal waste and the use of nitrogen-based fertilizers. Animal waste contains high levels of nitrogen, which can be released into the environment through volatilization and runoff. Additionally, the application of nitrogen-based fertilizers in crop production for animal feed contributes to nitrogen emissions.

On the other hand, fossil fuel burning releases nitrogen oxides (NOx) as a byproduct. These emissions occur during the combustion of fossil fuels in various sectors such as transportation, energy production, and industrial processes.

While precise quantification of nitrogen emissions from both sources can be challenging, studies indicate that the emissions from livestock agriculture and fossil fuel burning are roughly on par. Both sources contribute significantly to overall nitrogen emissions, highlighting the importance of addressing emissions from both sectors to mitigate environmental impacts such as air and water pollution, climate change, and ecosystem disruption.

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Heat is supplied from a nearby magma body, pressures are fairly low, and the rock is in the upper part of the crust.

The condition that best portrays contact transformation is that the stone is in the upper piece of the outside, and intensity is provided from a close by magma body. This interaction happens when hot magma barges in into cooler stone, causing the encompassing stone to be warmed and adjusted, however without huge strain changes. The temperatures came to during contact transformation are for the most part sufficiently high to cause substance and underlying changes in the stone, however not sufficiently high to totally dissolve it. The progressions that happen during contact transformation are generally restricted and bound to a somewhat little region around the interruption, and can bring about the development of new minerals and surfaces inside the stone.

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Contact metamorphism occurs when temperatures and pressures are high enough that the rocks begin to partially melt.

This is usually caused by heat generated by shearing and mechanical movements along faults, or by a nearby magma body supplying heat to the rock in the upper part of the crust.

Contact metamorphism is the type of metamorphism that occurs when high temperatures and pressures cause the rocks to partially melt. This can be caused by heat generated by shearing and mechanical movements along faults, or by a nearby magma body supplying heat to the rock in the upper part of the crust.

The temperatures and pressures are usually not as high as with regional metamorphism, but still high enough to cause partial melting of the rock.

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The important indoor safety measure that should be taken during a thunderstorm is to go to the basement. the correct option is c)  go to the basement

Thunderstorms are accompanied by lightning strikes, which can be dangerous. Lightning can travel through electrical wires and metal pipes, causing fires and explosions. Therefore, it is important to seek shelter in a safe location during a thunderstorm.

The basement is the safest place to be during a thunderstorm as it is underground and away from windows and doors. This means that if lightning strikes the house, you are less likely to be affected. It is also advisable to avoid using electrical appliances during a thunderstorm, as lightning strikes can cause power surges that can damage electrical equipment.

In addition to going to the basement, it is also important to stay away from windows and doors during a thunderstorm. Lightning can easily travel through these openings and strike anyone nearby. It is also important to avoid using water during a thunderstorm, as lightning can travel through pipes and cause electric shocks.

In conclusion, during a thunderstorm, it is important to take indoor safety measures such as going to the basement, staying away from windows and doors, and avoiding the use of electrical appliances and water. By following these measures, you can protect yourself and your family from the dangers of lightning strikes during a thunderstorm.

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complete question

Which important indoor safety measure should be taken during a thunderstorm? a)Lie on the floor b) Cover your head

c) Go to the basement  d) Move away from the windows

Answer:

Its basically when one animal prays (stalks) on another one

Explanation:

The different layers of Atmosphere vary depending upon the temperature condition.

The Earth's atmosphere is the layers of the gases which protects the earth from the radiations and cosmic rays coming from the outer space. This atmosphere acts as a blanket because it keeps the average temperature of the Earth nearly constant.

The layers from closest to the Earth's surface to further away are the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere (with the ionosphere), and exosphere.

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Answer:

True

Explanation:

This grouping is usually made according to the characteristics of the data and similarities of these characteristics through a method known as matching.

Categorical data also places an individual into one of several groups or categories. Examples: eye color, race, gender. May have numerical values assigned: 1=White, 2=Hispanic, 3=Asian, etc. Other numeric categorical variables include baseball jersey number or zip code.

The process of star formation from molecular clouds is a complex and ongoing process that occurs over millions of years.

Molecular clouds are massive structures of gas and dust that are found throughout the universe. These clouds are the birthplaces of stars and planets, and they are formed when clouds of gas and dust in space collide and merge.

The distance to the nearest star is an indication of the size of the molecular clouds from which stars form. Molecular clouds are typically very large, with diameters that can be hundreds of light-years across. This means that the nearest star is likely to be located in a very large molecular cloud.

The size of molecular clouds is an important factor in the process of star formation. Molecular clouds are too diffuse to allow stars to form directly from within them. Instead, the gas and dust in the clouds collapse under their own gravity, forming a dense core called a "stellar nursery."

The collapse of a stellar nursery can lead to the formation of a protostar, which is a young star that is still in the process of accumulating mass. As the protostar continues to collapse, it heats up and begins to shine, eventually becoming a fully-formed star.

The process of star formation from molecular clouds is an ongoing process that occurs over millions of years. As new stars are formed, they can help to shape the molecular clouds in which they formed, and they can also affect the formation of other stars and planets.

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Answer: i) March is the driest month (1.3 cm)   ii) 129.2 is the annual rainfall iii) 330.4 is the annual range

Explanation: Hope i did it right <3

Answer:

i) March is the driest month (1.3 cm) ii) 129.2 is the annual rainfall iii) 330.4 is the annual range

Explanation:

Answer:

im in europe and i dont even know

Explanation:

Two thirds of Poles believe that the advantages of European Union membership outweigh the costs. Access to EU funds is seen as the biggest benefit, while unequal treatment of member states is the most frequently cited disadvantage.

The European Union (EU) is a political and economic partnership that represents a unique form of cooperation among sovereign countries.

Overall, 68% of Poles said that the benefits of membership outweigh the costs, while only 10% thought the opposite. Fourteen percent think that the two are equally balanced.

Thus, it holds true that the benefits of membership outweigh the costs.

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The water feature that creates the wetlands inhabited by the Marsh Arabs is primarily the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in eastern Iraq.

The Tigris and Euphrates rivers, which flow through Iraq, contribute to the formation of the Mesopotamian Marshes, also known as the Ahwar of Southern Iraq. These wetlands are a vast network of marshes, lakes, and waterways that provide a unique habitat for various species of plants and wildlife, as well as sustain the traditional Marsh Arab communities. The marshes are created by the annual flooding of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, which bring nutrient-rich sediment that supports the growth of aquatic vegetation and creates a complex ecosystem.

While the other water features mentioned (the Euphrates River in Syria, the Gulf of Aqaba, the Nile River in northern Egypt, and the Jordan River and Dead Sea in Israel) have their own significant ecological and cultural importance, they do not directly contribute to the wetlands inhabited by the Marsh Arabs in Iraq.

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The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is responsible for creating Iceland due to the tectonic activity occurring along the ridge. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is a divergent plate boundary where the Eurasian Plate and the North American Plate are moving away from each other. As the plates diverge, magma from the Earth's mantle rises to the surface, creating new crust and pushing the existing crust apart.

In the case of Iceland, it sits directly atop the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The volcanic activity associated with the ridge has led to the formation of a series of underwater volcanoes along the ridge. Over time, these volcanic eruptions have built up layers of lava and volcanic material, gradually forming an island.

The continuous movement of the tectonic plates along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge causes the landmass to be pulled apart, resulting in the widening of the rift. This process leads to the creation of new crust and the formation of volcanic activity on the surface. The combination of volcanic eruptions and the spreading of the crust has contributed to the growth of Iceland over millions of years.

Iceland is known for its geothermal activity and numerous volcanoes, which are a direct result of its location on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The volcanic eruptions have played a crucial role in shaping the island's landscape and have contributed to the unique geological features found in Iceland.

In summary, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge creates Iceland through the ongoing tectonic activity of plate divergence, which results in volcanic eruptions and the accumulation of lava and volcanic material over time. This process has led to the formation and growth of the island as we know it today.

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Answer:

34400

Explanation:

If you are at zero degrees latitude and zero degrees longitude, You are in Atlantic ocean.

If you are in zero degrees latitude and zero degrees longitude, you are in the atlantic Ocean. Null Island, on the surface of the Earth, is where the prime meridian and the equator meet. It is situated at zero degrees latitude and zero degrees longitude (0°N 0°E).

Null Island, which is located in the international waters of the Atlantic Ocean, is located about 600 kilometers off the coast of West Africa in the Gulf of Guinea.

The Gulf of Guinea is positioned on a map where 0 degrees latitude, often known as the Equator, and 0 degrees longitude meet off the coast of western Africa. The country that is nearest to 0°, 0° is Ghana, an African country, which is situated 614 kilometers away from this junction.

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Answer:

B.

Explanation:

A perpendicular line is one that meets at a 90 degree angle.

Think of the letter L

The left stick of the letter is perpendicular to the bottom stick and it forms a 90 degree angle.

Hope this helps.

Answer:

Lines that meet at a 90° angle

Explanation:

Perpendicular lines make up 90° on four sides.

Answer: it's b Because map projections must turn a 3-D world into a 2-D map, they will always have the problem of B distortion.

Explanation: B. distortion

Answer: a natural event such as a flood, earthquake, or hurricane that causes great damage or loss of life.

It affects people in Florida because it can cause a lot of damage such as, if you leave your car out it might total, you house might have a tree on it cause it to be destroyed, and your city might bot look the same after it because if the natural disaster is bad enough it will probably destroy your city.

Explanation:

Answer:

Empowering students to make a difference in the local environment and community, creating caring local and global citizens

Explanation:

Encourage the development of links between students and local representatives, charities and businesses to help identify manageable projects where students can have a real impact. Encourage students to contribute to the development of community service provisions—for example, by encouraging markets for local food—to help disadvantaged groups.

Use themes and action-based projects to make connections across subjects and issues, and link classwork into both the school community and into learning in the local environment and community. Collaborative planning of the curriculum framework is needed, particularly at the secondary level, to find the most effective synergies and projects and avoid duplication. Allow teachers to help design the curriculum.

True conclusion is Triangle ABC is not a right triangle,  the fact that triangle ABC is not a right triangle does not lead to the true conclusion that the triangle does not have a right angle..

The complete question should be Does the fact that triangle ABC is not a right triangle lead to the true conclusion that the triangle does not have a right angle?

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Our lives and economies depend on energy from the sun and natural resources and natural services provided by the earth.

Humans depend on Earth's land, ocean, atmosphere, and biosphere for many different resources, including air, water, soil, minerals, metals, energy, plants, and animals.

Natural resources have a double-edge effect on economic growth, in that the intensity of its use raises output, but increases its depletion rate.

Natural resource is a key input in the production process that stimulates economic growth.

Any natural substance that humans use can be considered a natural resource.

Oil, coal, natural gas, metals, stone and sand are natural resources. Other natural resources are air, sunlight, soil and water. Animals, birds, fish and plants are natural resources as well.

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During classical times, Greek philosophers held various beliefs about the shape and size of the earth. One of the most prominent views was that the earth was spherical, an idea first proposed by Pythagoras in the 6th century BC.

Pythagoras argued that the earth was round because the shape of the celestial bodies suggested that the universe was ordered and harmonious. Plato and Aristotle also supported this view, with Aristotle providing empirical evidence such as the circular shadow the earth casts on the moon during lunar eclipses.
Other philosophers, such as Anaximander, believed that the earth was cylindrical, with flat ends. Meanwhile, Parmenides argued that the earth was flat and disk-shaped. These views were, however, not widely accepted.
Overall, the idea of a spherical earth became the dominant view among Greek philosophers during the classical period. This understanding laid the foundation for later scientific discoveries about the earth's shape and size. It was not until the 3rd century BC that the size of the earth was calculated, with Eratosthenes measuring its circumference using angles of shadows in two different cities. This discovery was a significant advancement in the field of geography and helped pave the way for future exploration and scientific discoveries about the earth's composition and characteristics.

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Answer:

Correct answer is D. trade barriers protect a nations interests by encouraging the production of homeland goods​

Explanation:

D is the correct answer as it refers to policy known as protectionism, in which countries are protecting their interest by producing certain goods they don't want to import.

A is not correct as this doesn't ensure similar production, but quite on the contrary.

B is not correct as it can actually lead to the creation of certain barriers.

C is not correct because it doesn't have to mean that people were travel less because of this.

The reason for establishing a trade barrier for nations is trade barriers protect a nation's interests by encouraging the production of homeland goods​. The correct option is D.

The main reason that governments erect trade barriers is to protect their local industries and encourage the production of goods within their own borders. Trade restrictions can be implemented with a variety of goals in mind and take many different forms, including tariffs, quotas, subsidies, and regulations.

Creating a favorable environment for indigenous industries by limiting foreign competition is one of the main goals of trade barriers. Countries can raise the cost of imported goods or restrict their supply by imposing tariffs or quotas, providing native producers with a competitive advantage.

Thus, the ideal selection is option D.

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The map that indicates the region where the tropical cyclone Florence develops is Hurricane Florence map.

A tropical cyclone also known as a hurricane or a typhoon is an intense circular storm that originates over warm tropical oceans. A tropical cyclone has low atmospheric pressure and heavy rain.

Tropical cyclone Florence caused damage to Carolinas in September 2018. It was caused by flooding due to torrential rain.

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Our Description  is made up of a wide range of details such as geographic location, climatic conditions, social amenities, plant life, populace density, moisture level, temperature, landscape, etc..

Your study area for a case study should be the study area, which is typically expressed in geographical coordinates using degrees, minutes, and seconds. The geographic location of the study area can be determined by calculating its position using degrees, minutes, and seconds.

In order to investigate a region, an person must possess knowledge regarding geographical and additional variables. A region is examined for diverse objectives.  The knowledge required for studying an area depends on its purpose and there are several factors to consider.

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Assuming that slip accumulates along the fault at about 6 cm/yr, let's calculate how many years it might have taken to accumulate the slip that was released to produce the observed offset of the stream.

Step 1: Determine the observed offset of the stream (let's call this value "Offset").

Time = Offset / Slip rate

Step 2: Divide the observed offset by the slip rate (6 cm/yr) to find the number of years it took to accumulate the slip-

Formula: Years = Offset / Slip Rate

Time = 300 cm / 6 cm/year

Time = 50 years.

Therefore, it might have taken approximately 50 years to accumulate the slip that was released to produce the observed offset of the stream.

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Answer:

They form when two plates with landmasses on them move towards each other.

The plates push layers of accumulated sediment in the sea into folds between them.

This becomes a fold mountain range.

Most fold mountains continue to grow as the plates constantly move.

Examples: the Himalayas (Asia), Rockies (USA), Andes (South America), Alps (Europe)