A person, standing upright, holds a mass of 8 kg in front of his body. The moment arm of the load is 48 cm. Calculate the force that back muscles exert to maintain postural stability. Assume that the back muscles have a lever arm of 5 cm and that the Center of Gravity (COG) of the upper body is located directly above the lumbar spine.
Answers
The force that the back muscles exert to maintain postural stability is approximately 376.32 Newtons.
To calculate the force that the back muscles exert to maintain postural stability, we can use the principle of moments. The moment of a force is equal to the product of the force and the distance from the point of rotation (or pivot).
Given:
Mass of the load (m) = 8 kg
Moment arm of the load (r) = 48 cm = 0.48 m
Lever arm of the back muscles (d) = 5 cm = 0.05 m
To maintain postural stability, the moment created by the load must be balanced by the moment created by the force exerted by the back muscles. Since the person is standing upright, the Center of Gravity (COG) of the upper body is directly above the lumbar spine.
The moment created by the load can be calculated as:
Moment of load = m * g * r
where g is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.8 m/s²).
The moment created by the back muscles can be calculated as:
Moment of back muscles = F * d
where F is the force exerted by the back muscles.
For postural stability, the moments must be balanced:
Moment of load = Moment of back muscles
m * g * r = F * d
Solving for F, the force exerted by the back muscles:
F = (m * g * r) / d
Substituting the given values:
F = (8 kg * 9.8 m/s² * 0.48 m) / 0.05 m
Calculating the force:
F ≈ 376.32 N
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Related Questions
in order for you to measure the equipotentials using the voltmeter, what must be true about the resistance of the voltmeter as compared to the resistance of the paper
Answers
In order to measure the equipotentials using a voltmeter, the resistance of the voltmeter must be significantly higher than the resistance of the paper.
This is because:
1. Equipotentials are lines or surfaces on which the electric potential is constant. In this case, you want to measure equipotentials on the paper.
2. A voltmeter is an instrument used to measure the electric potential difference between two points in an electrical circuit.
3. Resistance is a property of materials that opposes the flow of electric current. It is measured in ohms (Ω).
The reason why the voltmeter's resistance should be much higher than the paper's resistance is to ensure accurate measurements. When the voltmeter is connected to the paper to measure the potential difference, it becomes part of the circuit. If the voltmeter's resistance is too low compared to the paper, it will draw a significant amount of current, which can alter the distribution of the electric potential on the paper, leading to incorrect measurements.
By having a high resistance in the voltmeter, it minimizes the current flow through the voltmeter, thereby not affecting the equipotential lines on the paper, and providing accurate measurements of the equipotentials.
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In order to measure the equipotentials using a voltmeter, the resistance of the voltmeter must be significantly higher than the resistance of the paper.
This is because if the resistance of the voltmeter is too low, it will draw current away from the paper and change the potential readings, resulting in inaccurate measurements. Therefore, a high resistance voltmeter is necessary to ensure accurate and precise measurements of equipotentials.
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main circuit wiring is represented in a schematic by
A.the abbreviation mcw
B. A red line
C. A darker line
D.thicker line
Answers
Answer: a thicker line
Explanation:
Describe the extent of their own responsibility. When to act on their own innitiative to find , clarify and evaluate information , and to whom they should report if they have problems they cannot resolve in the work place
Answers
Answer:
whatsthe question choices
2.12.5: Four Corners
Answers
Answer:
speed(0)
square_length = int(input("What is the length of the square?"))
def draw_square():
pendown()
for i in range(4):
forward(square_length)
left(90)
penup()
penup()
setposition(-200, -200)
draw_square()
penup()
setposition(-200, 200 - square_length)
draw_square()
penup()
setposition(200 - square_length, 200 - square_length)
draw_square()
penup()
setposition(200 - square_length, -200)
draw_square()Explanation:
A Specimen made from a brittle matonal with a cross-section area tonsion until it yielded of 0.004 m² was gradually loaded in at a Lord of 380 KN and fractured Slightly after the yield point. If the Specimon's material observed elashert clashc deformation until fracture, determine the material's toughness in terms of energy absorbed, in kj. Tako £ = 200 GPa.
Answers
Explanation:
To determine the material's toughness in terms of energy absorbed, we need to calculate the area under the stress-strain curve up to the point of fracture. The energy absorbed is equal to the area under the curve.
Given:
Cross-sectional area (A) = 0.004 m²
Load (F) = 380 kN = 380,000 N
Young's modulus (E) = 200 GPa = 200,000 MPa = 200,000,000 N/m²
First, we need to calculate the stress (σ) using the formula:
σ = F / A
σ = 380,000 N / 0.004 m²
σ = 95,000,000 N/m² = 95 MPa
Next, we need to determine the strain (ε) using Hooke's law:
ε = σ / E
ε = 95,000,000 N/m² / 200,000,000 N/m²
ε = 0.475
Now, we can calculate the energy absorbed (U) using the formula:
U = 0.5 * σ * ε * A
U = 0.5 * 95,000,000 N/m² * 0.475 * 0.004 m²
U = 90,250 J = 90.25 kJ
Therefore, the material's toughness in terms of energy absorbed is 90.25 kJ.
This should be a fun little quest. You will create a doctor program called Eliza.
Eliza will be able to carry on a simple, albeit contrived, conversation with her patient.
Your first miniquest - Hisspify
I mean lispify.
You must implement:
string lispify(string s);
When I invoke this method, I will supply it a string parameter. You must accept this parameter by copy (not reference). Look it up or ask and understand before proceeding.
It must return a string which is identical to the one I gave you except that all s's in the string have been substituted by th's.
Answers
Here's how you can implement the lispify method in C++:```string lispify(string s){ string result = ""; for(int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++){ if(s[i] == 's') result += "th"; else result += s[i]; } return result;}```
The above implementation of the lispify method accepts a string parameter 's' by copy and returns a new string 'result', which is the same as the input string except that all s's have been replaced by th's.
We iterate through the input string character by character using a for loop. If the current character is an 's', we append "th" to the result string. Otherwise, we simply append the current character to the result string.
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6. What is the largest commonly-used drill bit size?
A. 1.5 inches
B. 12 inch
C. 2 inches
D. 1 inch
Answers
The largest commonly-used drill bit size among the options provided is 2 inches.
The correct answer to the given question is option C.
Drill bits are used for creating holes in various materials, and their sizes are typically measured in inches. The size of a drill bit refers to its diameter, and larger drill bits are commonly used for specific applications that require larger holes.
While drill bits larger than 2 inches do exist, they are not as commonly used in typical DIY or commercial applications. In everyday projects, such as woodworking, construction, or metalworking, the majority of holes can be adequately drilled using smaller-sized bits.
Option A (1.5 inches) and option D (1 inch) represent smaller drill bit sizes that are more commonly used for general-purpose drilling tasks. Option B (12 inches) represents an extremely large drill bit size that is not commonly used in most standard applications.
It's important to note that drill bit sizes can vary depending on specific needs and industries. There may be specialized applications or industries that require even larger drill bits beyond the commonly-used range. However, in the context of commonly-used drill bits for general-purpose tasks, 2 inches represents a relatively large size.
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A good place to get hints about how to answer a response question could be
a.
Your teacher
c.
Both of these
b.
The rest of the test
d.
None of these
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
A
B
C
D
Answers
Answer:
I think its A
Explanation:
...............................
Write a method named swap that takes an int parameter followed by a double and prints them in the reverse order. For example, calling swap(4, 7.5) would print 7.54. You can call your method in the program's main method so you can test whether it works, but you must remove or comment out the main method before checking your code for a score. Files STATUS NOT SUBMITTED SAVE SUBMIT E 05_L2_Activity-Three.java 2 4 1 /* Lesson 2 Coding Activity Question 3 */ 3- import java.util.Scanner; 5. public class U5_L2_Activity_Three? 6 7 * Add the method swap here */ 8 9 // You can uncomment and add to the main method to test your code 10 // You will need to remove/comment out this method before checking your code for a score 11 - public static void main(String[] args) { } */ 12 - 13 14 15 16 ]
Answers
The "swap" method takes an integer and a double as parameters, and it prints them in reverse order.
To implement the "swap" method, we can simply use a basic print statement. The method should take an int parameter followed by a double parameter. Inside the method, we print the double value first, followed by the int value. This will achieve the desired result of printing the values in reverse order. Here's the code for the "swap" method:
java
Copy code
public class U5_L2_Activity_Three {
public static void swap(int num, double value) {
System.out.println(value + "" + num);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Testing the swap method
swap(4, 7.5);
}
}
When the "swap" method is called with the parameters (4, 7.5), it will print "7.54" as expected. The method works by concatenating the double value (7.5) with the int value (4) using the "+" operator and then printing the resulting string.
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realizing the universal property of nands and/or nors, which single 2 input gate is represented with the schematic diagram shown?
Answers
The schematic diagram represents a NOR gate. The universal property of NANDs and NORs state that any logic gate can be implemented using only NANDs or NORs. Therefore, the diagram can be implemented using a single 2 input NOR gate.
What is NOR Gate?NOR gate is a digital logic gate which is the combination of both NOT and OR gate. It produces output as 1 only when all its inputs are 0. If any of its input is 1, it produces output as 0. It is also known as “Negated OR Gate”. It is symbolized by an OR Gate with a bubble on the output.
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Calculate the percentage of recyclables in high socioeconomic localities.
Answers
Answer:
The percentage of recycling in high socioeconomic localities is 11.02%.
Explanation:
Since in high socioeconomic localities, 10% of paper is recycled, 12% of plastic, 1.7% of fabrics, 1.2% of rubbers, 0.9% of metals, 3.5% of glass, 33% of food wastes, 35% soil and 1.9% miscellaneous, to determine the average recycling percentage the following calculation must be performed:
(10 + 12 + 1.7 + 1.2 + 0.9 + 3.5 + 33 + 35 + 1.9) / 9 = X
99.2 / 9 = X
11.02 = X
Therefore, the percentage of recycling in high socioeconomic localities is 11.02%.
question 10 when referring to rj45, we are referring to ________.
Answers
When referring to RJ45, we are referring to a type of connector that is commonly used for Ethernet networking.
An RJ45 connector, also known as a modular connector, is a type of connector that is commonly used for Ethernet networking. It is the most widely used standard connector for Ethernet network cables, and it can be found on almost all Ethernet devices, including switches, routers, and computers.
RJ45 connectors have eight pins, and they are typically used to connect twisted-pair Ethernet cables to Ethernet-enabled devices.To create an RJ45 connection, you will need an RJ45 connector, a crimping tool, and a twisted-pair Ethernet cable. The cable is inserted into the connector, and the pins are crimped onto the wires using the crimping tool. Once the connector is attached to the cable, it can be plugged into an Ethernet port on an Ethernet-enabled device.
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The ____________ of a fluid power machine is used to stop and start the operation, extend and retract actuators, and sense and guide actuator motion. (Page 5)A.Control SystemB.Power DiagramC.SequenceD.Human Operator
Answers
The cylinder, motor, or rotary actuator of a fluid power device is supplied with pressurized fluid by a pump.
What are fluid power systems used for?The cylinder, motor, or rotary actuator of a fluid power device is supplied with pressurized fluid by a pump. Variable flow rates from the pump or through valves inside the fluid power circuit are used to control output speed and direction.
are utilized in a range of applications, including heavy machinery, robotics, and automotive braking systems. Using either hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders, these devices generate linear motion.
When compared to other conventional power-transmission methods, fluid power has the highest power density. Fluid power systems can be divided into two categories: pneumatic and hydraulic. Pneumatic systems employ neutral gases like air, whereas hydraulic systems use liquids like water and oil.
Therefore, the correct answer is option a) Control System.
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how to change a fuel fiter
Answers
a commercial refrigerator with r-134a as the working fluid is used to keep the refrigerated space at -35 c by rejecting waste heat to cooling water that enters the condenser at 18 c at a rate of 0.25 kg/s and leaves at 26 c. the refrigerant enters the condenser at 1.2 mpa and 50 c and leaves at the same pressure subcooled by 6 c. if the compressor consumes 3.3 kw of power , determine (a) the mass flow rate of the refrigerant, b) the refrigerant load, c) the cop, and d) the minimum power input to the compressor for the same refrigeration load.
Answers
At 1.2mpa pressure and 50c
What is pressure?
By pressing a knife against some fruit, one can see a straightforward illustration of pressure. The surface won't be cut if you press the flat part of the knife against the fruit. The force is dispersed over a wide area (low pressure).
a)Mass flow rate of the refrigerant
Therefore h1= condenser inlet enthalpy =278.28KJ/Kg
saturation temperature at 1.2mpa is 46.29C
Therefore the temperature of the condenser
T2 = 46.29C - 5
T2 = 41.29C
Now,
d)power consumed by compressor W = 3.3KW
Q4 = QL + w = Q4
QL = mR(h1-h2)-W
= 0.0498 x (278.26 - 110.19)-3.3
=5.074KW
Hence refrigerator load is 5.74Kg
(COP)r = 238/53
(Cop) = 4.490
Therefore the above values are the (a) mass flow rate of the refrigerant, b) the refrigerant load, c) the cop, and d) the minimum power input to the compressor for the same refrigeration load.
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The following is a series of questions pertaining to the NSPE Code of Ethics. Please indicate whether the statement are true or false. These questions are provided by the NSPE.
Engineers in public service as members, advisors or employees of a governmental or quasi-governmental body or department may participate in decisions with respect to services solicited or provided by them or their organizations in private or public engineering practice as long as such decisions do not involve technical engineering matters for which they do not posses professional competence
Answers
Geomorphic
Explanation:
Because it's pretty easy if you think of the right ways of geomorphic ways to process the equation
Một doanh nghiệp có tư bản đầu tư là 600,000 usd, cấu tạo hữu cơ tư bản 3/1. Xác định tiền công trả cho người lao động
Answers
Answer:
450.000 USD
Explanation:
Đây,
Cấu trúc hữu cơ 3/1 có nghĩa là ¾ một phần vốn được chuyển vào chi phí cố định và ¼ một phần đi vào chi phí biến đổi.
Tiền lương của người lao động là chi phí cố định và do đó, mức lương
= ¾ * 600.000 USD
= 450.000 USD
A group of scientists studied the environmental impact of internal combustion engines burning hydrocarbon fuels. The scientist equipped four vehicles with devices to capture and measure particulate emissions. One vehicle burned diesel fuel, one burned ordinary gasoline, one burned a gasoline/ethanol mixture and one burned natural gas. The four vehicles have equal masses and carried identical cargo. The scientists drove each vehicle 400 km, recording the volume of fuel burns in the quantity of particulate emissions generated. What is the independent variable in this experiment?
Answers
Answer: Combustion of Hydrocarbons
Explanation:
The Independent variable in an experiment is the one whose effect on the dependent variable is being measured. The independent variable therefore is controlled to see the effect it will have in the experiment.
In this experiment, the scientists combusted different types of hydrocarbons (diesel, gasoline, natural gas and a gasoline/ethanol mixture) as they aimed to find out the effect that this burning would have on the environment thereby making the combustion of hydrocarbons the independent variable.
Answer:
A. Type of Fuel
Explanation: The quantity of particulate Matter (PM) primarily depends upon the type of fuel used. Fine carbonaceous particles are mainly responsible for PM emissions. Diesel fueled vehicle engines are a major source of particulate emissions.
Ethanol blended with gasoline can be used to power a "flex-fueled" car. One particular blend that is gaining in popularity is E85, which is 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline. E85 is 80% cleaner burning than gasoline alone, and it reduces our dependency on foreign oil. But a flex-fueled car costs $ more than a conventional gasoline-fueled car. Additionally, E85 fuel gets % less miles per gallon than a conventional automobile. Consider a 100% gasoline-fueled car that averages miles per gallon. The E85-fueled car will average about miles per gallon. If either car will be driven miles before being traded in, how much will the E85 fuel have to cost (per gallon) to make the flex-fueled car as economically attractive as a conventional gasoline-fueled car? Gasoline costs $ per gallon. Work this problem without considering the time value of money.
Answers
Answer: hello your question is poorly written below is the complete question
Ethanol blended with gasoline can be used to power a flex-fueled car. One particular blend that is gaining in popularity is E85 , which is 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline. E85 is 80% cleaner burning than gasoline alone, and it reduces our dependency on foreign oil. But a flex-fueled car costs $1,000 more than a conventional gasoline-fueled car. Additionally, E85 fuel gets 10% less miles per gallon than a conventional automobile. Consider a 100% gasoline -fueled car that averages 30 miles per gallon. The E85-fueled car will average about 27 miles per gallon. If either car will be driven 81000 miles before being traded in, how much will the E85 fuel have to cost (per gallon) to make the flex-fueled car as economically attractive as a conventional gasoline-fueled car? Gasoline costs $3.89 per gallon. Work this problem without considering the time value of money
answer :
$3.17
Explanation:
Determine how much E85 fuel have to cost
Fuel needed by 100% gasoline fueled car
= 81,000 miles / 30 = 2700 gallons
Fueled needed by E85 car
= 81,000 miles / 27 = 3000 gallons
next step : use the relation below
[ (Additional cost of flex fuel car) + (flex fuel consumption * cost of flex fuel per gallon( x ) ) ] = [ Gasoline consumption * cost of gasoline per gallon ]
= 1000 + 3000x = 2700 * 3.89
= 1000 + 3000x = 10503
∴ x = 9503 / 3000 = $3.17 per gallon
What was the reason alloys were used instead of metals like copper, tin, or iron?
A. They were cheaper to create
B. they were stronger and more durable
C. they were more visually appealing
D. they were lighter and easier to use
Answers
Alloys were stronger and more durable
The most appropriate layout for an automobile assembly line
process is a
Group of answer choices
Fixed position layout
Cellular layout
Product layout
None of these answers is correct
Process layout
Answers
The most appropriate layout for an automobile assembly line process is a Product layout.
What layout is best suited for automobile assembly lines?In automobile manufacturing, a product layout is the most appropriate assembly line process. This layout involves arranging workstations and equipment in a sequential order that matches the production steps required to assemble the vehicles. Each workstation is dedicated to a specific task, such as installing a particular component or system, and the vehicles move along the line as the assembly progresses.
The product layout offers several advantages in terms of efficiency and productivity. It allows for a smooth, uninterrupted flow of work, minimizing unnecessary movement and reducing production time. Specialized tools and equipment can be stationed at each workstation, ensuring that workers have everything they need at hand. Additionally, this layout enables standardized processes and quality control measures to be implemented effectively, leading to consistent product quality.
The product layout in automobile assembly lines optimizes efficiency, productivity, and quality by arranging workstations and equipment in a sequential order. This layout streamlines the assembly process, reducing unnecessary movement and ensuring a smooth flow of work. Specialized tools and equipment are stationed at each workstation, enabling workers to perform their tasks efficiently.
Standardized processes and quality control measures can be implemented effectively, resulting in consistent product quality. The product layout is widely used in the automotive industry to maximize production efficiency and meet customer demands.
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what is the part of a drill that holds the drill bit in place is called the ?
Answers
The part of a drill that holds the drill bit in place is called the chuck.
The chuck is a key component of a drill, as it securely holds the drill bit in place during operation. It is typically located at the end of the drill, and can be opened and closed to insert or remove the drill bit.
The chuck is usually operated by either a key or a lever, depending on the type of drill. It is important to make sure that the chuck is properly tightened when the drill bit is inserted, as this will ensure that the bit is secure and will not slip or come loose during drilling.
Additionally, it is important to make sure that the bit is compatible with the size of the chuck, as an improper fit could cause the bit to become stuck or damaged.
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An ordinary egg with a mass of 0.1 kg and a specific heat of 3.32 kJ/kg· 0C is dropped into boiling water at 95 0C. If the initial temperature of the egg is 5 0C, the maximum amount of heat transfer to the egg, correct to 1dp, is
Answers
Answer:
29.9
Explanation:
data
mass(m)= 0.1kg, c=3.32KJ/kg, final temperature= 95, initial temperature= 5
heat transferred Q= mc (T2-T1)
=0.1 ×3.32 ×(95-5)= 29.88
Q= 29.9KJ
NOTE; The x was use as multiplication sign
nnister Company, an electronics firm, buys circuit boards and manually inserts various electronic devices into the printed circu it board. Bannister sells ats products to original equipment manufacturers. Profits for the last two years have been less than expected. Mandy Confer, owner of Bannister, was convinced that her firm needed to adopt a revenue growth and cost reduction strategy to increase overall profits. After a careful review of her firm's condition, Mandy realized that the main obstacle for increasing revenues and reducing costs was the high defect rate of her products far 6 percent reject rate). She was certain that revenues would grow if the defect rate was reduced dramatically, Costs would also decline as there wauld be fewer rejects and less rework, Ey decreasing the defect rate, customer satisfaction would increase, causing, in turn, an increase in market share. Mandy also felt that the foliowing actians were needed to help ensure the success of the revenue growth and cost reduction strategy: a. Improve the soldering capabilities by sending employees to an outside course. b. Redesign the insertion process to eliminate some of the common mistakes. c. Improve the procurement process by selecting suppliers that throvide higher-qualty circuit boards. Suppose that Mandy communicates the following weights to her CEO: Perspective: Financial, 41\%; Customer, 18\%; Process, 22\%; Learning \& growth, 19% Financial objectives: Profits, 52\%; Revenues, 22\%; Costs, 26\% Customer-objectives: Customer satisfaction, 66%; Market share, 34% - Process objectives: Defects decrease, 39\%; Supplier selection, 34\%; Redesign process, 27\% Leaming 8 growth objective! Training, 100% Mandy next sets up a bonus poot of $160,000 and indicates that the weighting scheme just described will be used to determine the amount of petentiai banus for each perspective and each objective. 1. Calculate the potential bonus for each perspective. Calculate the potental bonus for each objective. rotegic objectives (other than incentive 2. Describe how Mandy might award actual bonuses so that her managers will be encouraged to implement the Balanced Scorecard. 3. Which of the listed items is not a method that Mandy should consider in order to encourage alignment with the company's strategic objectives fother than incentive compensabion)? Unolve enployes in identifying the strategic objectives and measures: Make sure that all objectives and measures are properiy communicated to managers, Penalize maragers who fail to achieve the meseures that are developed for each oblective.
Answers
1. Potential Bonus Calculation:
Financial Perspective: Weight (41%) x Score (88.2%) = 36.162%
Customer Perspective: Weight (18%) x Score (66%) = 11.88%
Process Perspective: Weight (22%) x Score (83.8%) = 18.436%
Learning and Growth Perspective: Weight (19%) x Score (100%) = 19%
Potential Total Bonus: 36.162% + 11.88% + 18.436% + 19% = 85.478% of 160,000 = 136,764
Potential Bonus per objective: Financial: 136,764 x 52% x 41% = 30,347
Customer: 136,764 x 34% x 18% = 8,065
Process: 136,764 x 39% x 22% = 12,802
Learning and Growth: 136,764 x 100% x 19% = 25,3852.
Actual Bonus Award:
In order to encourage her managers to implement the balanced scorecard, Mandy should do the following:
Communicate: Ensure that all objectives and measures are properly communicated to the managers so that they know exactly what is expected of them.
Measure: After the objectives have been set, they need to be measured. This will help to identify areas where the company needs to improve.
Reward: Managers who successfully implement the balanced scorecard should be rewarded. Rewarding success is one of the best ways to motivate employees.
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ln a circuit a voltage of 15 volts is used to dereve a current of 5amps what is the resistance of the conductor
Answers
Answer:
Resistance = 3 Ω
Explanation:
As we know that, By Ohm's Law
V = IR
where
V is the voltage in volt
I is the current in amps
R is the resistance in ohm
Now,
Given that,
V = 15 volts
I = 5 amps
So,
R = V/I
= 15/5
= 3 Ω
⇒R = 3 Ω
Which of the following would not be a good reason to use a linear model?
Thank
Answers
The disadvantage of using a linear model is that; It is sensitive to outliers and prone to multicollinearity.
What is the Linear Regression Model?Linear regression is defined as a regression technique whereby the independent variable has a linear relationship with the dependent variable.
Now, there are some advantages of this model in statistics such as;
Linear regression performs exceptionally well for linearly separable data.It is easy to implement and interpret.It carries out extrapolation beyond a specific data set.However, there are some disadvantages such as;
It is very sensitive to outliers.
It is prone to having multicollinearity.
It assumes linearity between dependent and independent variables.
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Nitrogen is compressed from 100 kPa and 20oC to 600 kPa in a cylinder using a polytropic process with n= 1. 3. Assuming the kinetic and potential energy changes to be negligible, determine the following. (Take R = 0. 2968 kJ/kg-K and cv = 0. 744 kJ/kg-K for the N2)The boundary work during this process is -
122. 7
kJ/kg. Type your choice in the blank: 101. 4 111. 5 122. 7 134. 9 148. 4
The temperature at the final state is
C. Type your choice in the blank: 161. 9 170. 0 178. 5 187. 5 196. 8
The internal energy change during this process is
kJ/kg. Type your choice in the blank: 111. 6 122. 8 135. 1 148. 6 163. 4
The heat transferred during this process is -
kJ/kg. Type your choice in the blank: 33. 5 36. 8 40. 5 44. 5 49
Answers
Given:
P1 = 100 kPa, T1 = 20°CP2 = 600 kPan = 1.3R = 0.2968 kJ/kg-K, cv = 0.744 kJ/kg-KWe can use the following equations to solve for the required values:
Work done during a polytropic process:
W = (P2V2 - P1V1)/(1 - n)
Ratio of specific heats:
γ = cp/cv = 1 + 2/ν
Temperature change during a polytropic process:
(T2/T1) = (P2/P1)^((γ-1)/γn)
Change in internal energy during a polytropic process:
Δu = cv(T2 - T1)
Heat transferred during a polytropic process:
Q = Δu + W
where V1, V2, cp, and ν are specific volume, specific heat at constant pressure, and the number of moles of gas respectively.
Work done during the process is given as
V1 = R T1/ P1 = 0.5919 m³/kg
V2 = (P2/P1)^(-1/n)V1 =
0.1397 m³/kg
W = (P2V2 - P1V1)/(1 - n)
= 122.7 kJ/kg
Answer: 122.7 kJ/kg
Final temperature:
γ = cp/cv = 1 + 2/ν
ν = R/cv = 0.3984 kg/mol
γ = 1 + 2/0.3984 = 6.019
(T2/T1) = (P2/P1)^((γ-1)/γn) = 4.459
T2 = (T1 x (P2/P1)^((γ-1)/γn)) = 196.8°C
Answer: 196.8°C
Change in internal energy:
Δu = cv(T2 - T1) = 135.1 kJ/kg
Answer: 135.1 kJ/kg
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What is in a catalytic converter that makes it so expensive?.
Answers
Answer:
A catalytic converter is expensive because it needs rhodium to reduce smog levels. Rhodium, at its current value, is extremely expensive which makes using it in a catalytic converter expensive. To make up for their cost, manufacturers have to increase the price of the catalytic converter.
Explanation:
The flow between two infinitely flat parallel plates displays a parabolic profile, and is called plane Poiseulle flow.
a. True
b. False
Answers
Answer:
a. True
Explanation:
The study of fluids in a state of rest or in motion and the forces involved in it is called fluid mechanics. Fluid mechanics has a wide range of applications in the field of mechanical engineering as well as civil engineering.
When we study the flow of fluid between any two flat plates that is indefinitely flat and is parallel, the flow of the fluid is known as plane Poiseulle flow. The profile of a plane Poiseulle flow is parabolic.
The velocity profile of a plane Poiseulle flow is :
\($\frac{u(y)}{U_{max}}=1-\left(\frac{2y}{h}\right)^2$\)
Thus the answer is TRUE.
refrigerant-134a enters a compressor at 200 kpa as a saturated vapor with a flow rate of 0.45 m3 /min and leaves at 800 kpa. the power supplied to the refrigerant during compression process is 3 kw. what is the enthalpy of r-134a at the exit of the compressor?
Answers
The fluid's state at the outlet resembles that of a superheated vapor. The specific enthalpy's corresponding temperature is T=49.641 C.
Enthalpy is the unit used to describe the total amount of heat in a thermodynamic system with constant pressure. It's depicted as. Where E is the internal energy, P is the pressure, and E is the energy, H is defined as E + P + V. The degree of disorder in a thermodynamic system is measured by entropy. The First Law of Thermodynamics is used to model the compressor:
W+ m (h in - h out) =0
The following expression can be used to determine the mass flow rate:
The refrigerant's characteristics at the inlet are: Saturated Vapor, State
P=180 pka
Tsat=12.73
It is calculated as follows: m=0.053 kg/s
284.409 kJ/kg is the specific enthalpy at the outflow.
The fluid's state at the outlet resembles that of a superheated vapor. The specific enthalpy's corresponding temperature is T=49.641 C.
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