a system that exchanges mátter or energy with the environment is a closed system​

The correct answer is: 2.7×10¹⁵ JExplanation:We can use Einstein's equation, E=mc², where E is energy, m is mass, and c is the speed of light. We can use this formula to determine how much energy would be available if the mass of a 0.03 kg penny was converted completely to energy.E = mc²E = (0.03 kg)(3×10⁸ m/s)²E = (0.03 kg)(9×10¹⁶ m²/s²)E = 2.7×10¹⁵ JTherefore, if the mass of a 0.03 kg penny was converted completely to energy, there would be 2.7×10¹⁵ J of energy available.

A certain radioactive Sample is left over with 1.41g after 4231 years.

The number of joined atoms in substances continuously decreases as a result of the atomic nuclei of Half Life radioactive substances' atoms continuing to decay.

Half -life = 3610 years

=> decay constant k = \(\frac{0.693}{half-life}\)

                                  = \(\frac{0.693}{3610}\)

                                  = 1.919×\(10^{-4}\)

=> mass of sample = \(A_{0}\) = 4.16 g

=> time = 4231 years

\(k = \frac{1}{t}.ln(\frac{A_{0}}{A_{t}} )\)

1.919 x \(10^{-4}\) =  \(\frac{1}{4231}.ln(\frac{4.16}{A_{t}} )\)

\(A_{t}\) = 1.407 g

Sample is left over with 1.41 g.

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Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:Calcium oxide (CaO), commonly known as quicklime or burnt lime, is a widely used chemical compound. It is a white, caustic, alkaline, crystalline solid at room ...

Answer:

Warmer air can hold more water vapor than colder air.

Explanation:

Weather can be defined as the atmospheric conditions of a particular area over a short period of time.

The elements of weather include precipitation, wind, temperature, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, cloud, and wind speed.

Temperature can be defined as a measure of the degree of coldness or hotness of a physical object (body).

On the other hand, humidity refers to the concentration (amount) of water vapor that is present in the air. It is high when there's a lot of water vapor in the air and low when the level of water vapor is small.

The relationship between air temperature and humidity is that warmer air can hold more water vapor than colder air because as the air cools, its molecules move closer together while the molecules move farther apart as the air become hot.

Additionally, at constant humidity, relative humidity is inversely proportional to temperature i.e as the temperature decreases, relative humidity increases.

Answer:

The process in which a solid changes directly to a gas is called sublimation. It occurs when the particles of a solid absorb enough energy to completely overcome the force of attraction between them. Dry ice (solid carbon dioxide, CO2) is an example of a solid that undergoes sublimation.

The substance whose Lewis structure shows three covalent bonds is Nitrogen gas molecule.

Lewis structure is a dot structure which gives idea about the number of valence electrons that are involved in the bonding within the molecule.

Lewis dot structure of nitrogen gas will be expressed as in the attached image, where between two nitrogen atoms triple bond is present. That triple bond is formed by the sharing of electrons and known as covalent bonds.

Hence in nitrogen gas molecule three covalent bonds is present.

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The following chemical reaction occurs when hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate come into contact: CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl + CO2 + H2O, providing acid neutralization as well as byproduct production. Carbon dioxide is the new ionic component as a result.

Whenever the levels of calcium consumed through food alone is insufficient, calcium carbonate is used as a dietary supplement. The body needs calcium for strong bones, muscles, a healthy neurological system, and a healthy heart. In addition to being an antacid, calcium carbonate is used to treat stomach discomfort, heartburn, and acid indigestion.

The chemical compound calcium carbonate, with the formula CaCO3, is created when carbon, oxygen, & calcium come together. It is a common mineral found in rocks all over the world, most notably as limestone, and it is the main component of marine animal shells, snail shells, coal balls, pearls, or eggshells.

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(a) To write the oxidation half-reaction, we need to identify the molecule or ion that is losing electrons. In this case, it is CH3CH2CH2CHNH2COO which is being oxidized to CO2, NH4, and HCO3. We can represent the oxidation of the molecule as follows:
CH₃CH₂CH₂CHNH₂COO --> CO₂ + NH₄+ + HCO₃-

To normalize this reaction on an electron equivalent basis, we need to balance the number of electrons lost and gained in the reaction. The oxidation state of carbon in CH₃CH₂CH₂CHNH₂COO is -2, while the oxidation state of carbon in CO₂ is +4. This means that each carbon atom in CH₃CH₂CH₂CHNH₂COO has lost six electrons.

Therefore, the oxidation half-reaction is:

CH₃CH₂CH₂CHNH₂COO --> 4CO₂ + 8H+ + 8e- + NH₃

Note that we have added 8H+ and 8e- to balance the number of electrons lost by the carbon atoms. We have also added NH₃ to balance the nitrogen atom in the reaction.

(b) To write the oxidation half-reaction for Cl to ClO₃, we need to identify the species that is losing electrons. In this case, it is Cl that is oxidized to ClO₃-. We can represent the oxidation of Cl as follows:

Cl --> ClO₃-

To normalize this reaction on an electron equivalent basis, we need to balance the number of electrons lost and gained in the reaction. The oxidation state of Cl in Cl is 0, while the oxidation state of Cl in ClO₃- is +5. This means that each Cl atom in Cl has lost five electrons.

Therefore, the oxidation half-reaction is:

Cl --> ClO₃- + 6e-

we have added 6e- to balance the number of electrons lost by the Cl atom.

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The structure of compound A formed by treating isoprene [\(CH^2=C(CH^3)CH=CH^2\)] with one equivalent of mCPBA is \(CH^2=C(CH^3)CHOCH^2\). The presence of an epoxide functional group and the given IR and NMR data support this structure.

Let's determine the structure of compound A formed by treating isoprene [\(CH^2=C(CH^3)CH=CH^2\)] with one equivalent of mCPBA.

1. Given data: Molecular ion mass is 84 and there is a peak in the IR spectrum at 2850-3150 cm⁻¹. The ¹H NMR spectrum of A has two doublets with one proton each and one singlet with three protons.

2. The peak in the IR spectrum at 2850-3150 cm⁻¹ suggests the presence of O-H or N-H bonds in the molecule.

3. Treatment of isoprene with mCPBA usually leads to the formation of an epoxide. Therefore, we can expect compound A to have an epoxide functional group.

4. The molecular ion mass of 84 and the fact that compound A is derived from isoprene suggest the addition of an oxygen atom to the isoprene structure.

5. Based on this information, the structure of compound A should be:
\(CH^2=C(CH^3)CHOCH^2\)

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Category ------------ Nuclear chemistry

Sub-category --------- Radioactivity

ANSWER

The remaining amount of isotope after 1600 years is 32.9444 grams

EXPLANATION

Given that;

The half life of the isotope is 5715 years

The initial mass of the isotope is 40 grams

The decay time is 1600 years

Follow the steps below to find the remaining mass after 1600 years

Where

A(t) is the amount of mass remaining after time t

Ao is the initial amount of mass of the substance

t1/2 is the half-life of the substance

t is the decay time

Substitute the given data into the above formula

Therefore, the remaining amount of isotope after 1600 years is 32.9444 grams

5  x 10² liters of ammonia will be formed from 2.50 x 10² molecules of nitrogen.

Ammonia is an inorganic compound made up of nitrogen and hydrogen to have formula NH₃.  It is stable binary hydride, and the simplest pnictogen hydride. It is colourless gas with a different pungent smell.

Chemical Reaction is as follows:

N₂ (gas) + 3H₂ (gas) ⇒ 2 NH₃ (gas).

Since the mole ratio of Nitrogen to hydrogen is 1:3, then for every mole of nitrogen, we need three moles of hydrogen.

Molar mass of nitrogen = 28g/mol

The mole ratio between nitrogen and ammonia is 1:2

1 liter volume of nitrogen gas reacts with three liters volume of hydrogen gas to produce 2 liters volume of ammonia gas.

Therefore, 2.50 x 10² liters volume of nitrogen gas reacts with 6 liters volume of hydrogen gas to produce 5  x 10² liters volume of ammonia gas.

Thus, 5  x 10² liters of ammonia will be produced from 2.50 x 10² molecules of nitrogen.

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Option A). The salts that will be substantially more soluble in an acidic solution than in pure water are PbCl₂, Al(OH)₃, and FeS.

1. Look for salts containing anions that can react with H+ ions from acidic solutions, making them more soluble. These anions include Cl-, OH-, S₂-, and PO₄₃-.
2. From the given choices, identify the salts containing these anions:
  - PbCl₂ (contains Cl-)
  - Al(OH)₃ (contains OH-)
  - Ba₃(PO₄)₂ (contains PO₄₃-)
  - FeS (contains S₂-)
3. Consider the cations' ability to form soluble complexes with the anions. Al₃+ and Fe₂+ can form soluble complexes with OH- and S₂-, respectively, while Pb₂+ can form soluble complexes with Cl-.
4. Based on this analysis, the salts that will be more soluble in acidic solutions are:
  - PbCl₂
  - Al(OH)₃
  - FeS

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First of all, Z is unknown. I hope it is a mistake.

        Now, it is given that the element X has nineteen electrons. This proves that X is actually Potassium.

        As per the periodic table, both Potassium and Lithium belongs to group 1 as their valency is 1 because of the presence of only one electron in the outermost shell of electrons i.e., they lose an electron during a chemical reaction to form a stable compound. Furthermore, both are metallic.

        Magnesium belongs to group 2 and hence its valency is two, which is different from potassium though it is metallic. Similiarly, bromine belongs to group 17 and gains one electron during a reaction in contrast to potassium.

( No internal links available for reference. For clarification, check the periodic table).

D. Water

In the synthesis of Friedel-Crafts products, hydrochloric acid is used as a catalyst to generate the reactive electrophilic species, which attacks the aromatic ring and leads to the formation of the desired product.

The HCl reacts with the Lewis acid catalyst (such as AlCl3) to generate a complex that can activate the electrophile and facilitate the reaction. Additionally, HCl is used to quench the reaction at the end by protonating the intermediates and generating the final product. Overall, the function of hydrochloric acid in Friedel-Crafts reactions is to enhance the reactivity of the system and promote the formation of the desired product.

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The statement that is true concerning the given compound is:

c. It should dissolve in water.

Certain chemical entities are associated with chemical compounds. These groups project specific properties onto compounds. These chemical groups are called functional groups. An example of such a functional group is COOH in carboxylic acids.

When a hydroxyl group is attached to a compound, the compound has the property of being soluble in water. The hydroxyl group is composed of hydrogen and oxygen, which makes the compound more soluble in water. Hence option c. The correct answer is that it dissolves in water.

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Complete question is:

A compound contains hydroxyl groups as its predominant functional group. Which of the following statements is true concerning this compound?

a. It won't form hydrogen bonds with water.

b. It is hydrophobic.

c. It should dissolve in water.

d. It lacks an asymmetric carbon, and it is probably a fat or lipid. e. It should dissolve in a nonpolar solvent.

Answer:

The correct answer is - c. adding 10 mL bleach to 90 mL water.

Explanation:

To prepare a effective disinfecting solution to clean the countertops is a bleasce solution of 10% solution of bleach. The ten percent of the bleach solution means there are one volve of bleach and 9 volume of clean water in this solution.

So, preparing the 1/10 or ten percent solution is where adding 10 ml of bleach which is diluted to 90 ml clean water. This diluted solution can be use as disinfecting solution.

Answer: A toaster

Explanation: A toaster is an house held item that is used for heating and toasting bread and other stuff.

The pH of the resulting solution is approximately 4.3. To calculate the pH of the resulting solution, we need to use the equation for pH: pH = -log[H⁺]

First, let's calculate the number of moles of HCl that are present in the solution. We can use the formula:

moles = concentration * volume

Concentration of HCl = 1.0 M
Volume of HCl = 0.05 mL

= 0.05 * 10⁻³  L

= 5 * 10⁻⁵ L

moles of HCl = 1.0 M * 5 * 10⁻⁵ L

= 5 * 10⁻⁵ moles

Now, let's calculate the total volume of the resulting solution:

Total volume = 0.05 mL + 999.95 mL

= 1000 mL

= 1000 * 10⁻³ L

= 1 L

To calculate the concentration of H⁺ ions in the solution, we divide the moles of HCl by the total volume:

[H⁺] = moles of HCl / total volume

[H⁺] = 5 * 10⁻⁵ moles / 1 L

= 5 * 10⁻⁵ M

Finally, we can calculate the pH using the equation:

pH = -log[H⁺]

pH = -log(5 * 10⁻⁵)

= -(-4.3)

= 4.3

Therefore, the pH of the resulting solution is approximately 4.3.

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Answer:

Explanation:

option C is correct

Answer:

The moon is covered in Earth’s shadow.

Explanation:

When the moon goes behind the earth to the shadow it becomes a solar eclipse.

PS, Can you mark me brainlyest please.

Answer:

ocean

Explanation:

because its easy

You could say either protons or neutrons.

Answer: 4.0 g/mL

Explanation:

The volume increased by 5.0 mL. Recall that the number of significant figures is equal to the number of certain values you can read plus one. Here, the volume increased from 14.0 mL to 19.0 mL, so the volume of X is 5.0 mL.

Explanation:

We are given: concentration of a weak acid = 10^-4 M

Answer:

The pH of a weak acid is 4.