after the cell biology lecture about protein signal sequences that serve as zip codes for proteins to be delivered in their cellular addresses. a group of curious students designed a chimeric protein, which contains an er signal sequence at it n-terminal region, a nuclear localization signal in the middle and a green fluorescent protein (gfp) at its c-terminal end. they successfully constructed a plasmid, which expresses the designed protein, and then transfected the plasmid into cultured hela cells. using a fluorescence microscope, where do you think this gfp-fusion protein is likely to be found?
Answers
The precursors of all other proteins produced by ribosomes bound to the rough ER membrane, including membrane proteins, are guided by the N-terminal ER signal sequences in addition to soluble secreted proteins.
The protein that was first isolated from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria has traditionally been referred to as GFP, and it is also sometimes referred to as GFP. However, other organisms, such as corals, sea anemones, zoanthids, copepods, and lancelets, have been found to contain GFPs.
GFP can be fused with other proteins to produce fluorescent chimeras, and it can be detected in living cells without staining or selection. Gene therapy researchers have also recognized GFP's potential, and a variety of therapeutic proteins with GFP tags have been developed.
GFP is a protein that the jellyfish Aequorea Victoria makes naturally. In 1962, Osamu Shimomura isolated it. The GFP sequence was cloned in 1992 by Douglas Prasher, and Martin Chalfie's lab expressed it in vivo.
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Related Questions
What could happen to the human population if Earth’s resources were completely used up?
Answers
Answer:
If Earth's resources were completely used up, the human population could face serious consequences, including food and water shortages, energy crises, and economic instability. In the long term, it could lead to a decline in human numbers and potentially even extinction. Therefore, it is important to manage Earth's resources sustainably, to ensure their availability for future generations.
Answer:
If Earth's resources were completely used up, the consequences for the human population would be severe.
Firstly, the availability of basic necessities such as food, water, and energy would become scarce, leading to widespread famine, thirst, and lack of power. The depletion of resources such as oil, natural gas, and coal would cause the collapse of modern transportation, industry, and communication systems, leading to widespread poverty and social upheaval.
Moreover, without natural resources such as forests, minerals, and fertile soil, the human population would face environmental degradation and loss of habitat. This would lead to a decline in biodiversity and a reduction in the availability of essential ecosystem services, such as pollination and pest control.
In addition, the depletion of resources could lead to conflicts over the remaining resources, with countries, communities, and even individuals vying for control of the dwindling supplies. This could result in war, violence, and mass migration, leading to further instability and suffering for the human population.
In conclusion, if Earth's resources were completely used up, the consequences for the human population would be far-reaching and devastating, with severe impacts on health, security, and well-being.
Can someone help with this?
Answers
Answer: dna replication
Explanation:
Answer:
Hmmm, it seems like it should be B
Explanation:
Because the DNA have crossed over with each other... I could be wrong though... and I don’t mean to throw shade at the other person that answered...
What happens if Rh positive receive Rh negative blood?
Answers
Answer:
If an Rh-negative woman makes antibodies like this, it can seriously harm any Rh-positive babies she may have in the future. Her anti-Rh antibodies can attack Rh-positive blood cells in the fetus.
Mark brainiest
Which characteristics or structures from the list are found in plant cells? Select all that apply.
nucleus
chloroplast
irregular shape
cell wall
tiny storage vacuoles
cell membrane
Plz help :X
Answers
Answer:
nucleus,chloroplast,cell wall, cell membrane
Explanation:
Ecologists who are planting native vegetation in the prairies of the united states that were once used for agriculture are participating in?
Answers
Ecologists who are planting native vegetation in the prairies of the United States that were once used for agriculture are participating in prairie restoration and conservation efforts.
Prairie restoration involves the deliberate process of reintroducing native plant species to areas that have been converted for agricultural purposes. By planting native vegetation, ecologists aim to restore the ecological balance and enhance biodiversity in these prairie ecosystems. This is crucial because the conversion of prairies into farmland has resulted in the loss of native plant species, which in turn has had a negative impact on the habitat of various animal species.
By reintroducing native vegetation, ecologists are not only restoring the visual appeal of these prairies but also reestablishing the intricate ecological relationships that existed before human intervention. Native plants provide essential food and shelter for a wide range of wildlife, including insects, birds, and mammals. Additionally, they contribute to the overall health of the ecosystem by promoting nutrient cycling, improving soil quality, and preventing erosion.
Prairie restoration also plays a vital role in mitigating the effects of climate change. Native prairie plants have deep root systems that sequester carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, helping to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Restoring prairies can also improve water quality by filtering pollutants and reducing runoff, benefiting both local ecosystems and human communities downstream.
In summary, ecologists planting native vegetation in former agricultural prairies are actively engaged in prairie restoration and conservation efforts. By reintroducing native plant species, they aim to restore biodiversity, improve ecosystem functioning, mitigate climate change, and enhance overall environmental sustainability.
Prairie restoration involves the deliberate process of reintroducing native plant species to areas that have been converted for agricultural purposes. By planting native vegetation, ecologists aim to restore the ecological balance and enhance biodiversity in these prairie ecosystems. This is crucial because the conversion of prairies into farmland has resulted in the loss of native plant species, which in turn has had a negative impact on the habitat of various animal species.
Prairie restoration also plays a vital role in mitigating the effects of climate change. Native prairie plants have deep root systems that sequester carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, helping to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Restoring prairies can also improve water quality by filtering pollutants and reducing runoff, benefiting both local ecosystems and human communities downstream.
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what are the chemical required to start a chemical reaction called
Answers
Answer: Reactants
Explanation:
Substances that start a chemical reaction are called reactants.
Answer: Reactants
Explanation:
50 POINTS
Read the following genetics topics below. Choose a topic and then decide what side you are on. Remember that there is no "right" or "wrong" side. Ethical questions often have many points of view. Research your topic and write a persuasive essay at least 200 words in length and post it in the essay box below.
Topic 1: Should insurance companies have the right to learn the genetic profiles of the people they insure?
Topic 2: Should employers have the right to learn the genetic profiles of the people they hire? Are there special considerations for employees in jobs in which there is a high risk to others, such as airline pilots, doctors, bus drivers?
Topic 3: Should scientists who identify genes and create new genetic engineering techniques have the right to patent their methods for their own profit?
Answers
Answer:
1. Although the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008 bars the use of genetic information for health insurance coverage decisions, it does not do so when it comes to life insurance, disability insurance or long-term care insurance. ... And some insurance companies have already started asking.
2. Employers have the right to learn the genetic profiles of the people they hire so that they know the risks that they are taking should there be complications with an employee's health during his/her stay with the company.Jobs that were mentioned in the above statement do not and are not supposed to have special considerations for such situation because these people are holding the lives of their clients in their own hands every time they are out and doing their work.
3.It takes a lot of hard work to make a valuable discovery in genetic engineering, as in any other area. If the people who do the work aren't allowed to patent their discoveries then anyone can take the discovery and use it. The inventor of the new technique won't get any profit for the hard work done. Nobody will work in a field if they don't get paid for it. The new techniques and discoveries will never be made if the inventors don't get paid for their invention. In any event, the payment doesn't go on forever as patents expire in 20 years.
Explanation:
Answer:
Prompt: Should employers have the right to learn the genetic profiles of the people they hire? Are there special considerations for employees in jobs in which there is a high risk to others, such as airline pilots, doctors, bus drivers?
Answer:
My belief is yes and no. In my opinion, the choice really depends on what the job is. Yes, there would be special considerations for high-risk jobs, including first-aid workers, bus drivers, and pilots, to name a few. For example, if someone who was born with narcolepsy probably wouldn't be the best candidate for any type of transportation job. According to Mayo Clinic, "The cause of narcolepsy isn't well understood but may involve genetic factors and abnormal signaling in the brain." On the other hand, employers who are employing people for a camera company may need to know if one of their employees was color-blind for testing purposes, they wouldn't need to know if their employee was born with it or received it from an STD. However, the fact remains, the employers don't have a 'right' to know the genetics of their employees, and most likely, never will. "Genetic Information and the Workplace" says, "Employers should not obtain or disclose genetic information about employees or potential employees under most circumstances.... An employer should be able to disclose genetic information for research and other purposes with the written, informed consent of the individual."
Explanation:
please help :( I’m really stuck
Answers
Answer:
B? Mitosis?
Explanation:
What are some similarities/differences dome mountains form with how volcanic mountains form.
Answers
Answer:
Dome Mountains are formed from hot molten material (magma) rising from the Earth's mantle into the crust that pushes overlying sedimentary rock layers upward to form a “dome” shape. Unlike a volcano, the magma typically does not reach the Earth's surface.
Explanation:
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Drag the prisms to the table in order from least volume to greatest volume.
Answers
The rectangular and pentagonal prisms fall in between these two extremes.
To answer your question, here are the prisms listed in order from least volume to greatest volume:
1. Triangular prism
2. Rectangular prism
3. Pentagonal prism
4. Hexagonal prism
This list is based on the number of faces each prism has and their corresponding dimensions. The triangular prism has the least volume because it has only three faces, while the hexagonal prism has the greatest volume because it has six faces. The rectangular and pentagonal prisms fall in between these two extremes. To order prisms from least to greatest volume, follow these steps: 1. Determine the volume of each prism using the formula: V = B * h, where V is the volume, B is the base area, and h is the height. 2. Calculate the base area of each prism by identifying the shape of the base (e.g., triangle, rectangle) and using the appropriate area formula. 3. Find the volume of each prism by multiplying the base area by the height. 4. Compare the volumes and arrange the prisms in ascending order, from the one with the least volume to the one with the greatest volume.
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A cell membrane is very specific about what it allows across. How does this
help the cell?
OA. Transport proteins allow only enzymes to pass through the
membrane.
B. The cell works better when it contains fewer proteins.
C. It helps the cell absorb as many different molecules as possible.
OD. It is better for the cell if most molecules are prevented from
entering.
SUBMIT
Answers
Answer:
OA
Explanation:
because it's selectively permeable
what energy is pulling an arrow back a. kinetic energy B. thermal energy C. gravitational potential energy D. elastic potential energy
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Land that used to be a meadow is converted to a housing development. the next year, fewer milkweed flowers are observed. what happened?
Answers
A former meadow is turned into a housing complex, and the next year, fewer milkweed blooms are seen due to pollination.
What applications does milkweed have?
The herb has also been used medicinally despite the danger of poisoning. Many native cultures chewed the roots of milkweed to heal diarrhea and used the sap to remove warts. Infusions and salves were also made from it to treat asthma, coughing, fevers, rashes, and swelling.
What kind of soil is ideal for milkweed growth?
In regions with more rainfall, like the eastern United States, milkweed thrives. Asclepias tuberosa, sometimes known as butterfly weed, thrives in drier climates like those in the western United States. Sand or gravelly soils are required. The Clay variety is an anomaly since it thrives on heavier soils, especially dry clay. Plant under the intense sun.
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Does sugar free red bull have energy for cellular respiration and if so what kind?
Answers
Answer: yes my man
Explanation:
Answer:
Red Bull Zero and Red Bull Sugarfree contain the same main ingredients – caffeine, taurine and some B-group vitamins. Both are made without sugar, instead using different low calorie sweeteners.
Explanation:
another question like i searched it and it said 6 to ten weeks i do not have that so please answer this question for me.
Hogs are taken to the processing plant when they reach
A. Three to four months of age
B.Four to six months of age
C.Nine months of age
D.One year of age
Answers
Hogs are taken to the processing plant when they reach four to six months of age. Therefore, option (B) is correct.
To assure meat quality and market readiness, hogs are processed at a specified age. Breed, growth rate, and market demand determine the age at which hogs are processed.
Three- to four-month-old hogs are still immature and may not have reached the weight and development needed for processing. Hogs are usually processed at four to six months of age, option B. Options C and D, nine months and one year old, are less likely since older hogs may lower meat quality.
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Explain why eukaryotic replicative DNA polymerases cannot copy both strands of the DNA completely and what would happen in the absence of telomerase both after one cell division and after many cell divisions.
Answers
Eukaryotic replicative DNA polymerases cannot copy both strands of DNA completely.
Eukaryotic replicative DNA polymerases, such as DNA polymerase α, δ, and ε, are responsible for synthesizing new DNA strands during replication. However, these polymerases have limitations that prevent them from fully copying both strands of DNA.
During DNA replication, one of the DNA strands, known as the leading strand, can be synthesized continuously in the 5' to 3' direction, following the replication fork. However, the other strand, known as the lagging strand, is synthesized in short fragments called Okazaki fragments, also in the 5' to 3' direction but away from the replication fork. This is because DNA polymerases can only add nucleotides to the 3' end of an existing DNA strand.
The problem arises when the replication machinery reaches the end of the lagging strand. The final Okazaki fragment cannot be completed because there is no available 3' end to extend. As a result, a small gap is left near the end of the lagging strand.
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The metabolic fate of fatty acids is dependent on two enzymes, carnitine acyltransferase l and acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Carnitine acyltransferase I facilitates the transport of fatty acids to the mitochondria for β oxidation, whereas acetyl-CoA carboxylase catalyzes the first reaction in the fatty acid synthesis pathway. The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulates the activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase by phosphorylating a specific serine residue. Mutation of this regulatory serine to alanine or aspartate would be expected to have different effects on the regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase Select the statements that describe the expected effects of mutations of the regulatory serine. A. Mutating the regulatory serine to aspartate will mimic the inhibitory effect of phosphoserine and shut down the activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. If acetyl-CoA carboxylase is inhibited malonyl-CoA will not be synthesized, and β oxidation of fatty acids will proceed uninhibited. B. Mutating the regulatory serine to alanine will inhibit acetyl-CoA carboxylase, leading to a decrease in concentration of malonyl-CoA. Low levels of malonyl-CoA Mill inhibit the entry of fatty acids into the mitochondria and the β oxidation of fatty acids C. Mutating the requlatory serine to alanine will have no effect on the regulation of acetyl-CoA β carboxylase by AMPK Active AMPK inhibits acetyl-CoA carboxylase, which allows β oxidation of fatty acids to proceed uninhibited D. If the regulatory serine is mutated to alanine, then acetyl-CoA carboxylase will be constantly turned on and will synthesize malonyl-CoA· Increased levels of malonyl-CoA will shut down β oxidation of fatty acids by inhibiting the entry of fatty acids into the mitochondria E. If the regulatory serine is mutated to aspartate, acetyl-CoA carboxylase will become constitutively active. Malonyl CoA, synthesized by acetyl-CoA carboxylase, will activate the β oxidation of fatty acids
Answers
Mutating the regulatory serine to aspartate will mimic the inhibitory effect of phosphoserine, while mutating it to alanine will result in constant activation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. These mutations have different effects on the regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid metabolism. Therefore, option (C) is correct.
When the regulatory serine is mutated to aspartate, it mimics the inhibitory effect of phosphoserine, shutting down the activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. This prevents the synthesis of malonyl-CoA, allowing β-oxidation of fatty acids to proceed uninhibited.
On the other hand, mutating the regulatory serine to alanine leads to constant activation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, increasing the synthesis of malonyl-CoA. High levels of malonyl-CoA inhibit the entry of fatty acids into the mitochondria, thus shutting down β-oxidation of fatty acids.
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HELPPP!!! Question 6 of 10 Which two statements describe examples of inferences used to draw scientific conclusions?
A. A cheetah has a speed of 33 m per second over short distances because the cheetah sprinted 330 m in 10 seconds.
B. T. rex must have been a carnivore because fossilized remains show teeth well-suited to biting and crushing bones.
C. It will rain this afternoon because the satellite images show increased cloud cover moving in this direction.
D. The population of black bears in a 100 km² area has increased from 14 to 18 in the past year.
Answers
Answer:
Determine which equation is false, based on the solution set S:{4}.
3t = 12
3m + 7 = 14
4(4c + 1) = 68
9 = 5p − 11
Explanation:
Answer:B and C
Explanation: inference is a guess based on reasoning, not numbers, using educated guesses is an inference. Finding out things with numbers isnt. So B and C are the answers
the teres major adducts the arm but does not __________ the arm.
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer would be abduct
Explanation:
The teres major adducts and internally rotates the arm at the shoulder but does not insert on the head of the humerus like the rotator cuff muscles.
Answer:
The correct answer would be abduct
Explanation:
The teres major adducts and internally rotates the arm at the shoulder but does not insert on the head of the humerus like the rotator cuff muscles.
I need help pleaseeeeeee
Answers
Answer:
The answer for writing 421,700 km in scientific notation is A
Answer:A
Explanation:
Which statement best describes evolution?
Answers
Answer: Traits acquired during a lifetime are passed to offspring.
Answer:
Traits acquired during a lifetime are passed to offspring
Explanation:
Evolution is the change in the characteristics of a species over several generations and relies on the process of natural selection, so the other answes don't make sense
Water molecules have a strong attraction to each other because of hydrogen bonding, allowing water to move against gravity up a plant's stem through capillary action.
Answers
Hydrogen bonds between water molecules provide a strong pull between them that enables water to ascend a plant's stem against gravity through capillary action.
The unhindered flow of a liquid into a tiny tube or porous material is what is meant by this of Hydrogen bonds. Because of hydrogen bonding, water has a capillary action and a strong attraction to other molecules.The capillary migration of liquids between paintbrush hairs is an example of capillary action.
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ASAP Need Help Thankyou
Answers
What is the correct order for respiration?
Answers
2. Krebs cycle
3. Electron transport chain
Are fish considered a sustainable resource? Explain.
Answers
Antibiotic resistance has become a major problem worldwide.
Suggest how the problem of antibiotic resistance can be limited.
Answers
Answer:
Educating people on the use of antibiotics
Explanation:
Antibiotics are becoming less effective because patients are not taking their full courses and providers are over prescribing them. Many people demand antibiotics not knowing that they are not useful for treating viral and fungal infections, thus allowing the bacteria already present inside of them to develop resistance. This also happens when a patient doesn't take all of their antibiotics. They may think that they feel fine after a few days of taking antibiotics and that they no longer have to take them, but in reality they are not free from the disease causing bacteria. The bacteria then have a chance to multiply again, this time with resistance to the treatment. Educating patients on conditions like sepsis and their mortality will help with medication adherence to decrease the likelihood of antibiotic abuse
When tectonic plates collide, pockets of hot magma may come into contact with cooler, solid rock. Using what you know about plate tectonics and the ways in which minerals form, describe why California has more iron-ore deposits than Nebraska does.
Answers
Answer:
California and Nebraska are located on different tectonic plates and have different geologic histories, which can explain the difference in iron-ore deposits between the two states.
California is located on the Pacific plate, which is colliding with the North American plate along the San Andreas Fault. This collision has resulted in the formation of the Sierra Nevada mountain range, which is composed of granitic rocks. The heat and pressure from this collision can cause the formation of iron-ore deposits, as the hot magma coming into contact with the cooler, solid rock can cause the iron to be concentrated and form ore deposits.
On the other hand, Nebraska is located on the North American plate and does not have any major plate collision boundaries nearby. This means that the geologic processes that form iron-ore deposits, such as heat and pressure from plate collisions, are not as prevalent in Nebraska as they are in California. Additionally, the geologic formations in Nebraska are mostly sedimentary rock, which typically do not contain iron-ore deposits.
Therefore, California has more iron-ore deposits than Nebraska because of the collision of tectonic plates that formed the Sierra Nevada mountain range and the geologic processes that occurred as a result.
what structural features of alveoli make them an ideal place for gas exchange
Answers
The structural features of alveoli make them an ideal place for gas exchange due to their large surface area and thin walls.
Alveoli are tiny, balloon-like structures found in the lungs. They are surrounded by an extensive network of capillaries, where the exchange of gases takes place. The large number of alveoli in the lungs provides a significantly large surface area for gas exchange to occur. This increased surface area allows for a greater amount of oxygen to diffuse into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide to be removed efficiently. Furthermore, the walls of the alveoli are extremely thin, consisting of a single layer of epithelial cells. This thinness enables gases to diffuse quickly across the alveolar membrane. The close proximity of the alveolar walls to the capillaries allows for a short diffusion distance, ensuring a rapid exchange of gases. Overall, the combination of the large surface area and thin walls of alveoli maximizes the efficiency of gas exchange in the lungs, facilitating the uptake of oxygen and the removal of carbon dioxide from the bloodstream. This ensures an adequate oxygen supply for cellular respiration and the elimination of waste gases produced by metabolic processes.
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How have you heard the word metabolism used in daily conversation? How does this usage differ from the actual definition of metabolism?
Answers
Answer:
Metabolism - the chemical process within a living organism in order to maintain life
Explanation:
The common use it 'my metabolism is really slow/fast', usually heard in fitness and diet communities. The biggest difference is that, while metabolism does deal with the burning of energy from food, it really covers the processes using all materials such as water, food, nutrients, and oxygen in the cells to produce the body's energy.
Answer: Metabolism is often used in ads for exercise products or diet pills, which claim that they will boost metabolism to help people lose weight. In this context, metabolism is used only to describe weight loss or gain. This interpretation differs greatly from the actual definition of metabolism, which describes all the chemical reactions that occur within a cell.
describe two ways in which bacteria are affect on your life today?please for grade 8.
Answers
Answer:
Humans use bacterua to make helpful drugs such as antibiotics and vaccines.
The bacteria in our bodies defend against infections by protecting colonized surfaces from invading pathogens which is helpful especially since everyone be getting sick from covid or whatever sickness.
Explanation: