The most recent common ancestor of cetaceans and seals would be represented by the branch point where their lineages diverged.
This ancestor would not be part of a cetacean-seal group defined by their similar body forms because it predates the evolution of the distinctive body characteristics that define these two groups.
Cetaceans and seals have independently evolved their unique adaptations for life in the water, such as streamlined bodies, flippers, and blowholes, after their lineages split from their common ancestor.
Therefore, the common ancestor would not possess these specialized traits and would not fit within the cetacean-seal group based on body form similarities.
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let's say the 6th nucleotide in the original dna sequence changes from an a to a c. do you think that would effect the activity of the protein? why or why not?
Yes, changing the 6th nucleotide in the original DNA sequence from an A to a C would affect the activity of the protein. This is because the sequence of nucleotides in DNA determines the sequence of amino acids in proteins, and changing even a single nucleotide can cause a change in the amino acid sequence which can, in turn, affect the structure and function of the protein.
The genetic code is made up of codons, which consist of three nucleotides that correspond to a specific amino acid. Changing one nucleotide can alter the codon, which can then lead to a different amino acid being incorporated into the protein. Depending on the location of the amino acid change, it can affect the activity of the protein in various ways. For example, if the changed nucleotide leads to a different amino acid being incorporated into the protein, the protein may not fold correctly, which can affect its function.
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Darwin's theory of natural selection is scientifically tested and accepted while Lamarck's hypothesis is largely inaccurate. Discuss the key differences between Darwin's theory of natural selection and Lamarck's hypothesis. Specifically discuss what each states about- a) where does variation come from? b) how do individuals in a population vary- are individuals all the same in their traits or variable? c) do individuals change and evolve, or do populations change and evolve? d) is evolution progressive towards perfection, is there perfection in individuals?
a) Variation: Darwin - Random mutations; Lamarck - Acquired traits.
b) Individual Variation: Darwin - Natural variation; Lamarck - Acquired traits.
c) Change and Evolution: Darwin - Populations change; Lamarck - Individuals change.
d) Evolutionary Progress: Darwin - Adaptation, not perfection; Lamarck - Progressive improvement.
a) Darwin's theory of natural selection explains that variation within a population arises from random mutations and genetic recombination. Lamarck's hypothesis, in contrast, suggests that variation comes from acquired traits influenced by the environment and an organism's needs.
b) According to Darwin, individuals within a population exhibit natural variation, meaning they differ from each other in their traits. Lamarck's hypothesis implies that individuals are not inherently variable but can acquire and pass on acquired traits during their lifetime.
c) Darwin's theory states that individuals themselves do not change or evolve within their lifetime. Instead, populations change over time through natural selection, with individuals possessing different traits. Lamarck's hypothesis suggests that individuals can change and acquire new traits during their lifetime, which can then be inherited by their offspring.
d) Darwin's theory rejects the idea of evolutionary progress towards perfection. It emphasizes that evolution is driven by adaptation to the environment, with populations evolving in response to changing conditions. In contrast, Lamarck's hypothesis implies that evolution is progressive, with organisms becoming more complex and better adapted over time.
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Which of the following is not true about arid deserts
Answer:
what are the options?
Explanation:
Today, the common type of banana we eat is a Cavendish banana. They arose from chance mutants that were produced sexually from wild banana plants. The Cavendish banana is infertile and can only be produced by cloning root shoots. Large commercial growers worldwide now plant only the mutant type. Some information about both types of banana is recorded in the table.
Growers on large banana plantations that supply food commercially have chosen to limit their plantings exclusively to Cavendish banana plants. Why are scientists warning that exclusively growing this mutant type by asexual reproduction presents a serious disadvantage
1.The loss of an adequate Cavendish banana seed supply could result in extinction of both varieties of plants.
2. The changes in characteristics from a parent plant to a clone will produce inconsistent plants that are less healthy.
3.The lack of genetic variability among clones puts the whole species at increased risk of extinction through a catastrophic disease or pest.
4.The increasing number of homologous sets of chromosomes crossing over with each successive generation of clones will eventually result in widespread death of banana plants.
Answer:
The lack of genetic variability among clones puts the whole species at increased risk of extinction through a catastrophic disease or pest.
Explanation:
Every living organism, be it a plant or an animal, has its own way of reproduction and its own mechanisms of how to cope with dangers. In recent times though, we see that there are more and more organisms, mostly plants, that are not fertile, thus they can not reproduce on their own but need human assistance. This is the case with one of the most popular fruits in the world, the banana.
Virtually, all bananas that are produced commercially are not fertile, but they can only be reproduced by cloning them. While this may not seem like something that terrible, it actually is. Every single plant that is used for commercial production is exactly the same, thus the genetic variation is lacking totally. By having zero genetic variation, if only one plant gets diseased by a disease that spreads out easily and is fatal, it will affect every single banana plant, and by having no genetic variation, the effect will be the exact same at all of them. This kind of scenario can very easily lead to the rapid extinction of these bananas and the loss of one of the most consumed fruits in the world.
For which of the following processes can dideoxyribonucleotides be used?
A. to separate different sized DNA fragments
B. to produce cDNA from mRNA
C. to visualize DNA expression
D. to sequence a DNA fragment
The processes can be used by the dideoxyribonucleotides is to sequence a DNA fragment.
Option (D) is correct.
Dideoxyribonucleotides, also known as ddNTPs, are primarily used in DNA sequencing. In the Sanger sequencing method, ddNTPs are incorporated into the growing DNA chain during DNA replication, alongside regular deoxynucleotides (dNTPs). However, ddNTPs lack a hydroxyl group at the 3' end of the sugar, which is essential for the addition of the next nucleotide.
By using fluorescently labeled ddNTPs, the resulting DNA fragments can be separated based on their length using capillary gel electrophoresis. The order of the fragments corresponds to the nucleotide sequence of the original DNA fragment, allowing the determination of the sequence.
Therefore, the correct option is (D).
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Which term is defined as the ability of the body to perform prolonged, large-muscle, dynamic exercise at moderate to high levels of intensity?A. Cardiorespiratory endurance.
B. Health-related fitness.
C. The resting heart rate decreases.
D. The cells get smaller in size.
Cardiorespiratory endurance is defined as the ability of the body to perform prolonged, large-muscle, dynamic exercise at moderate to high levels of intensity.
An essential measure of physical health is cardiorespiratory endurance, which is the capacity of the heart and lungs to supply oxygen-rich blood to working muscles throughout prolonged physical exercise. Maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max), which is not a useful metric for usage in real-life situations, is commonly used to test cardiorespiratory endurance in the laboratory. As it is relatively challenging to measure oxygen consumption directly, we can calculate cardiorespiratory endurance using heart rate. In this study, we suggested a fuzzy system based on the heart rate of humans to provide an efficient cardiorespiratory endurance training program and the assessment of cardiorespiratory endurance levels.
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Bones such as the carpals that have the same length and width are classified as bones. True or false?.
The given statement "Bones such as the carpals that have the same length and width are classified as bones" is False.
Long bones are characterized by having a shaft or diaphysis that is longer than its width. They typically have two expanded ends called epiphyses and a hollow medullary cavity filled with bone marrow.
The carpals are a group of eight small bones located in the wrist region of the hand. They are classified as short bones. Short bones, as the name implies, are roughly equal in length, width, and thickness. They provide stability and support to the body while allowing for a greater range of motion. The carpals function as a unit to facilitate movements of the wrist and hand.
In summary, the classification of bones is based on their shape and structure. Long bones, such as the femur or humerus, are longer than they are wide, while short bones, like the carpals, have similar dimensions in all directions. Understanding the classification of bones helps in identifying their functions and contributions to the overall structure and movement of the body.
Hence, the given statement is false.
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tell a lie the lie i like i will give many points
Cell organelles have different functions that help maintain homeostasis within the
cell. The processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration depend on these
organelles working properly. Identify the letter of the organelle whose function is to
store water and dissolved salts?
The function of the vacuole is to maintain the turgid pressure that is to maintain the cell turgidity. It stores water along with the dissolved salts in it. The answer is option B.
What are the other parts that are present in the structure of vacuole ?There are various enzymes that are present in the vacuoles and it is just like the pool of the plant cell which stores the various enzymes along with the water molecules and the dissolved salts.
With its roles that perform or help in the plant cell function that are the central vacuole which stores salts, minerals as well as nutrients, along with proteins and pigments that helps in the plant growth and plays important structural kind of role for plant. The organelle that is the central vacuole of plant cells that helps it to just maintain the volume along with the structure.
Vacuoles store the materials like water along with salts and proteins as well as the carbohydrates. Most of the plant cells that are having a single or the large central vacuole. The function of them is that they just store the salts with the sugars with few type of proteins and even the plant colors. They are even working as the storage bags for cell.
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Overfishing is a global problem in which humans harvest certain species of fish, almost to the point of extinction. Many of the fish stocks depleted by overfishing are at the top of the food chain. Why would the overfishing of very large fish cause a decrease in the numbers of small fish?
The small fish are more likely to die from diseases and parasites.
The small fish live in a mutualistic relationship with the large fish.
The small fish have a greater number of medium-sized predators.
The small fish must compete with each other for fewer food sources.
Answer: i think it’s C
Explanation: i’m taking the test rn and that’s what i’m gonna put, it’s the best answer
Trade winds blow from the horse latitudes toward the______.
equator
the tropics
the poles
Answer:
The correct answer is - the equator.
Explanation:
The trade winds are the kind of wind that blows towards the equator from the southeast in the southern hemisphere or the northeast in the northern hemisphere, especially at sea.
The horse latitudes are present in both the northern hemisphere and southern hemisphere with calm air and occur between trade winds and the westerlies that move towards the equator.
What is the sequence of the complementary strand for the DNA shown above?
hurry please
Answer:
either of the two chains that make up a double helix of DNA, with corresponding positions on the two chains being composed of a pair of complementary bases. a section of one nucleic acid chain that is bonded to another by a sequence of base pairs.
Two strands of DNA that have been cut by an endonuclease can be sealed together by a(n)A. polymerase enzyme.B. ligase enzyme.C. exonuclease enzyme.D. protease enzyme.E. methylase enzyme.
Answer: The answer here is B) ligase enzyme. You can say thanks jk, jk, good luck on whatever this question is for. ✌
Blood flow causes vibrations in the heart chambers and valves and produces sounds that can be heard with a stethoscope. Evaluate
which of these does NOT necessarily contribute to the sounds detected by the stethoscope as blood passes through the heart.
A) iron level is the blood
B) velocity of the blood during motion
C) viscosity of the blood as it moves through the heart
D) density of the blood as it is pumped through the heart
Answer:A. iron level of the blood
Explanation:
Answer:
A. iron level of the blood
Explanation:
All of the other properties are physical properties that can be detected by vibrations picked up by the stethoscope. The chemical property, iron level, will not necessarily be detected by the stethoscope but may contribute to poor cardiac health.
Explain why the structure of mitochondria and ribosomes was not well understood before the development of the electron microscope.
Both mitochondria and ribosome are so tiny structure, it can not be seen under light microscope. It needs more magnification to study the detail structure, hence electron microscope is best to use.
What is ribosome ?Ribosomes are small membrane less organelles and are the sites of protein synthesis.
It is present in are found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
Ribosomes can either be present alone or in groups in cytoplasm while some ribosomes are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum called as rough endoplasmic reticulum.
These are composed of ribosomal protein and RNA, have two subunit larger and smaller subunit.
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17. How does the placement of the stamen in relationship to the pistil affect the way in which
the flower is fertilized?
Answer:
this placement increases the chances of pollination
Explanation:
Pollination refers to the process of transferring pollen grains from the male stamens of a flower to the female stigma. The stamens generally surround the pistil and they are composed of two structures: 1-the anther (produces male reproductive cells or pollen grains) and 2-filaments (supports the anthers). Moreover, the female pistil is generally located at the center of the flower and it is composed of three structures: stigma (a sticky bulb in the center of flower), ovary (contains female reproductive cells or ovules), style (supports the stigma). The arrangement of the plant's reproductive organs increases the chances of pollination: when a pollinator (e.g. bees) visits a stigma for nectar it has to go through the stamen and catch pollen that then carries to the stigma of the same flower (auto-pollination) or another flower (cross-pollination). Moreover, the flowers also have petals and sepals that help attract pollinators and protect the flower bud, respectively.
What is metopus, and what type of endosymbiont does it keep?
Answer:
Hey i think there is an error in ur question, u may recheck the so called word "metopus"
But here is the definition of Endosymbionts are organisms that form a symbiotic relationship with another cell or organism
Digest the sequences using Haelll. Person 1 GGCCTCGGCCTAGAACGGCCTAGCCG CCGGAGCCGGATCTTGCCGGATCGGC Person 2 CTGAGGCCTAAGCGATTCCCGGATATA GACTCCGGATTCGCTAAGGGCCTATAT
Answer:
Nucleotide fragments of the sequence 1:
1. CCTAGCCGCCGGAGCCGGATCTTGCCGGATCGGC (base 19 to base 52)
2. CCTAGAACGG (base 9 to base 18)
3. CCTCGG (base 3 to base 8)
4. GG (base 1 to base 2)
Nucleotide fragments of the sequence 2:
1. CCTAAGCGATTCCCGGATATAGACTCCGGATTCGCTAAGGG (base 7 to base 47)
2. CCTATAT (base 48 to base 54)
3. CTGAGG (base 1 to base 6)
Explanation:
HaeIII is a restriction enzyme isolated from Haemophilus aegyptius bacteria, which is widely used in molecular biology laboratories. This enzyme is an endonuclease, i.e., it cleaves phosphodiester bonds within a polynucleotide chain. HaeIII is a restriction enzyme that cleaves DNA at the recognition sequence 5′-GG/CC-3'.
how does the mitochondria produce energy for the cell worksheet answers
Answer:
How does the mitochondria produce energy for the cell answers key?
Explanation:
Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell because they "burn" or break the chemical bonds of glucose to release energy to do work in a cell
______ include everything that is useful as a productive input in its natural state, such as land, forests, mineral and oil deposits, and water .
The term you are referring to is "natural resources." Natural resources encompass all the elements and materials present in the environment that are considered valuable and useful for human activities. They include everything that is available in its natural state and can be used as productive inputs for various purposes.
Natural resources can be classified into different categories based on their origin and characteristics. Here are some examples:
1. Land and Soil: Land provides a physical space for human activities and supports various ecosystems. It includes arable land for agriculture, forests, grasslands, and other terrestrial environments. Soil, a crucial component of land, is essential for plant growth and agriculture.
2. Water Resources: Water is a vital natural resource, necessary for drinking, irrigation, industrial processes, and the functioning of ecosystems. It includes freshwater sources such as rivers, lakes, and groundwater.
3. Mineral and Energy Resources: This category includes minerals, ores, fossil fuels, and other energy sources. Examples include coal, oil, natural gas, uranium, iron ore, copper, gold, and various other minerals that are extracted and used in industries.
4. Forests and Biodiversity: Forests are rich sources of timber, wood products, and non-timber forest products. They also provide habitat for numerous species and play a crucial role in carbon sequestration and climate regulation.
5. Air and Atmosphere: While not typically thought of as a resource, the atmosphere provides essential gases, such as oxygen and nitrogen, necessary for life. It is also affected by human activities and is a vital component in climate regulation.
Natural resources are essential for sustaining human life and supporting economic activities. However, their availability and distribution are not uniform globally, leading to challenges in resource management, conservation, and equitable access. Responsible and sustainable use of natural resources is crucial to ensure their long-term availability and to mitigate negative environmental impacts.
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● Hypothesis: Revise 1
To help your investigation, here is some more data about the farm.
How should I include my data?? Will give points and I picked natural selection
To write an inclusive hypothesis from investigation, it should be structured with Mechanism of Evolution, Hypothesis and Data.
How to hypothesize?Mechanism of Evolution
The mechanism of evolution that I think caused the increase in FQ resistance is natural selection. Natural selection is the process by which organisms that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. In this case, the bacteria that are resistant to FQ are more likely to survive and reproduce because they are not killed by the drug. This means that the population of bacteria will become more resistant to FQ over time.
Hypothesis
My hypothesis is that the increase in FQ resistance in the bacteria on the farm is due to natural selection. I believe that this is because the bacteria that are resistant to FQ are more likely to survive and reproduce, which means that the population of bacteria will become more resistant to FQ over time.
Data
The new data supports my hypothesis because it shows that the number of bacteria that are resistant to FQ has increased. The data also shows that the bacteria that are resistant to FQ are more likely to be found in the environment where the FQ is being used. This suggests that the bacteria are evolving to become resistant to the FQ.
How to Include the Data
You can include the data in your hypothesis by stating that the increase in FQ resistance is due to the fact that the bacteria that are resistant to FQ are more likely to survive and reproduce. You can also include the data by showing a graph of the number of bacteria that are resistant to FQ over time.
This is an example of how to include the data in the hypothesis:
I hypothesize that the increase in FQ resistance in the bacteria on the farm is due to natural selection. This is because the bacteria that are resistant to FQ are more likely to survive and reproduce, which means that the population of bacteria will become more resistant to FQ over time. The data supports this hypothesis because it shows that the number of bacteria that are resistant to FQ has increased. The data also shows that the bacteria that are resistant to FQ are more likely to be found in the environment where the FQ is being used. This suggests that the bacteria are evolving to become resistant to the FQ.
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prove why the fluid mosaic model of biological membrane is the most acceptable model
The fluid mosaic model of biological membrane is widely accepted as the most accurate representation of biological membranes because it accurately describes the structure and function of these membranes.
The following are some of the key reasons why the fluid mosaic model is considered the most acceptable:
Lipid-protein complexes: The fluid mosaic model accurately represents the fact that biological membranes are composed of lipid and protein components that are distributed in a random and fluid-like manner. Mobility of lipids: The fluid mosaic model accounts for the movement of lipids within the membrane, which is an essential aspect of membrane function. The movement of lipids allows the membrane to adjust to changes in its environment and to enable the transport of molecules across the membrane.Interaction with proteins: The fluid mosaic model recognizes the importance of protein components in biological membranes. Proteins are involved in many important functions, such as transport, recognition, and signaling.Support for fluid mosaic model: The fluid mosaic model has been supported by a range of experimental evidence, including electron microscopy, X-ray crystallography, and other techniques.Overall, the fluid mosaic model of biological membrane is widely accepted as the most acceptable model because it accurately represents the structure and function of these membranes. It is a useful tool for understanding the behavior of biological membranes and for predicting their behavior in different environments.
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A Chlorella cell viewed through a microscope is 0.00005 m wide when the magnification is 2000.
What is the actual size of the cell?
Answer:
0.0025micrometer.
Explanation:
To calculate the actual size of the image, the formula to be used is
Actual size=Image size÷magnification.
The image size is 0.00005 wide
Magnification is 2000
First, convert the image size to micrometer.
=0.00005 × 1000000
50micrometers.
Actual size= 50÷2000
Actual size = 0.0025
The actual size of the cell will be
"0.0025".
MagnificationAccording to the question,
Image size = 0.00005 or,
= 0.00005 × 1000000
= 50 micrometers
Magnification = 2000
We know the relation,
→ Actual size = \(\frac{Image \ size}{Magnification}\)
By substituting the above values,
= \(\frac{50}{2000}\)
= 0.0025
Thus the above answer is appropriate.
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Jumble letter can you help me plsss
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In short it's natural resources.
Please really need help
Following a cut or scrape, which process repairs your skin?
A. meiosis
B. meiosis and mitosis
C. mitosis
D. mitosis and apoptosis
E. apoptosis
Following a cut or scrape, the process that repairs your skin is mitosis. The correct answer is option C. The process of mitosis is the division and replication of cells, which allows the body to replace the damaged tissue with new, healthy tissue.
Mitosis is a crucial process in the healing of cuts and scrapes as it helps in the restoration of the skin's outer protective layer.The healing of the skin after a cut or scrape is a complex process that involves various stages. Initially, the blood vessels at the site of the wound constrict to reduce blood flow and minimize blood loss.
Afterward, the platelets in the blood form a clot to seal the wound and prevent further bleeding. The formation of a clot helps protect against infection and prevents further damage to the affected area.As the clot dries out, a scab forms over the wound, which protects the underlying tissue as the healing process continues.
Underneath the scab, new skin cells begin to form through the process of mitosis. These cells divide and replicate to form new tissue, which gradually replaces the damaged tissue.
Once the new tissue has fully formed, the scab falls off, and the skin is restored to its previous state.In conclusion, mitosis is the process that repairs the skin following a cut or scrape. Through the division and replication of cells, the body replaces the damaged tissue with new, healthy tissue, which gradually restores the skin's outer protective layer.
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The process that repairs your skin following a cut or scrape is called mitosis.
Following a cut or scrape, the process that repairs your skin is called mitosis. Mitosis is a type of cell division that allows cells to divide and multiply, leading to the growth and repair of tissues. When the skin is injured, the body initiates a process called wound healing, which involves various stages to repair the damaged tissue.
During mitosis, a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells, each containing a complete set of genetic material. These new cells then continue to divide and differentiate to form new skin cells, which gradually replace the damaged or lost cells at the site of the injury. This process helps in the regeneration of the skin and the formation of new tissue to close the wound.
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20 POINTS AND BRAINLIEST!!!
You will write a creative story describing what happens to a goldfish in three distinct parts. Part 1: As it
passes your lips to the cardiac sphincter. Part 2: As it passes through the cardiac sphincter until it
reaches the place where the duodenum becomes the jejunum. Part 3: From the jejunum until it exits the
body. In doing this you will be responsible for identifying the anatomy involved as well as what happens
in the digestive process at each location.
Answer:
Major organs involved in the digestive system include the mouth, stomach, small intestine, large ... When it reaches your stomach, a sphincter opens and dumps the food in. ... To move into the small intestine, chyme must pass through the pyloric sphincter. From here it enters the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine.
Explanation:
What type of cell is undergoing cytokinesis in the photo? How do you know?
Answer: Central cell
Explanation: I believe it is Central Cell, I learned this in AP Biology class.
It is Central Cell because it looks like the Cytokinesis which is the part of the cell division process during which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell divides into two more cells. That is why I say this is a Central cell.
If you can please give me a Brainliest, I only need 3 more to become an Ace, thank you!
Plant cytokinesis is the term for the cytoplasmic division of a plant cell. Animal cytokinesis is the term used to describe the division of an animal cell's cytoplasm. The mother cell's centre develops into a cell plate, which divides the cells.
What type of cell is undergoing cytokinesis?Higher-plant cells undergo cytokinesis using a unique method in which the cytoplasm is divided by the erection of a fresh cell wall, known as the cell plate, inside the cell. A preprophase band of microtubules and actin filaments determines the location of the cell plate.
In biology, the process through which one cell physically divides into two cells is known as cytokinesis. The primary method of reproduction for unicellular organisms is cytokinesis, which takes place during the growth and repair of tissues in higher plants and animals as well as during the development of the embryo.
Therefore, It is called a central cell because it resembles the stage of cell division known as cytokinesis, in which a single eukaryotic cell divides into two additional cells. Since it is a central cell, I say as much.
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True / false. Sperm begin to exhibit motility upon entering the ductus deferens prior to ejaculation. 2. Most of the blood returning to the right atrium of the fetal heart (a) is pumped to the lungs (b) flows into the right ventricle (c) passes through the foramen ovale into the left atrium (d) passes directly through the ductus arterious into the aorta. 3. The interstitial cells of the testes produce (a) spermatogenic cells (b) seminal fluid (c) androgens (d) sperm cells.
1. False. Sperm do not exhibit motility upon entering the ductus deferens prior to ejaculation. They only become motile upon exposure to fluids in the seminal vesicles and prostate gland during ejaculation.
2. (c) passes through the foramen ovale into the left atrium. In fetal circulation, the foramen ovale is a hole in the septum between the two atria that allows most of the blood returning to the right atrium to bypass the pulmonary circulation and flow into the left atrium.
3. (c) androgens. The interstitial cells of the testes produce hormones such as testosterone, which are responsible for male sexual characteristics and the development of sperm cells. Spermatogenic cells produce sperm cells, while seminal fluid is produced by the seminal vesicles and prostate gland.
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Which of the following is a function (job) of proteins?
Select all that apply.
A . Proteins act as antibodies to defend the body from harmful substances.
B . Protein act as the main fuel source for cells
C. Proteins build structures such as muscles .
D . Proteins help to speed up chemical reaction in the cell .