Buffer solutions containing Na2CO3 and NaHCO3range in pH from 10.0 to 11.0. The chemical equation below represents the equilibrium between CO32- and H2O, and the table lists the composition of four different buffer solutions at 25°C.CO32- (aq) + H2O (l) ⇄ HCO3- (aq) + OH- (aq);​Kb= 2.1 × 10-4 at 25°CBuffer [NaHCO3] Na2CO3 pH1 0.150 0.100 ?2 0.200 0.200 10.323 0.100 0.100 10.324 0.100 0.200 ?Which of the following chemical equilibrium equations best shows what happens in the buffer solutions to minimize the change in pH when a small amount of a strong base is added?A. H3O+(aq) + OH−(aq) ⇄ 2 H2O(l)B. HCO3−(aq)+ OH−(aq) ⇄ CO32−(aq) + H2O(l)C. CO32−(aq) + H3O+(aq) ⇄ HCO3−(aq) +H2O(l)D. CO32−(aq) + H2O(l) ⇄ HCO3−(aq)+ OH−(aq)

Answer:

ii.

Explanation:

Regulating weather patterns

Answer:

1. Moles of oxygen required to react with 5 moles of C₈H₁₈ = = 62.5 moles of oxygen

2. Mass of oxygen required = 2000 g of oxygen

3. Moles of CO₂ that will be produced = 40 moles of CO₂

4. Mass of CO₂ that will be produced = 1760 g of CO₂

5. Moles of H₂O that will be produced = 45 moles of H₂O

Explanation:

Balanced equation of the reaction : 2 C₈H₁₈ + 25 O₂ ---> 16 CO₂ + 18 H₂O

1. Mole ratio of Oxygen and C₈H₁₈ = 25 : 2

Moles of oxygen required to react with 5 moles of C₈H₁₈ = 5 × 25/2 moles

Moles of oxygen required to react with 5 moles of C₈H₁₈ = = 62.5 moles of oxygen

2. Mass of oxygen required = number of moles of oxygen × molar mass of oxygen

Molar mass of oxygen = 32.0 g/mol

Mass of oxygen required = 62.5 moles × 32.0 g/mol

Mass of oxygen required = 2000 g of oxygen

3. Mole ratio of CO₂ and C₈H₁₈ = 16 : 2

Moles of CO₂ that will be produced = 5 × 16/2 moles

Moles of CO₂ that will be produced = 40 moles of CO₂

4. Mass of CO₂ that will be produced = number of moles of CO₂ × molar mass of CO₂

Molar mass of CO₂ = 44.0 g/mol

Mass of CO₂ that will be produced = 40 moles × 44 g/mol

Mass of CO₂ that will be produced = 1760 g of CO₂

5. Mole ratio of H₂O and C₈H₁₈ = 18 : 2

Moles of H₂O that will be produced = 5 × 18/2 moles of H₂O

Moles of H₂O that will be produced = 45 moles of H₂O

To calculate the ratio of uranium-235 to lead-207 atoms in the mineral sample, we can use the atomic masses and the concept of radioactive decay.

The ratio of uranium-235 to lead-207 atoms in the mineral sample is 1:3.The atomic mass of uranium-235 (U-235) is approximately 235 atomic mass units (amu), while the atomic mass of lead-207 (Pb-207) is approximately 207 amu.

Given:

Number of uranium-235 atoms = 50,000

Number of lead-207 atoms = 150,000

To find the ratio, we divide the number of uranium-235 atoms by the number of lead-207 atoms:

Ratio = Number of uranium-235 atoms / Number of lead-207 atoms

Ratio = 50,000 / 150,000

Simplifying the ratio:

Ratio = 1/3

Therefore, the ratio of uranium-235 to lead-207 atoms in the mineral sample is 1:3.

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The change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG°rxn), use the formula: ΔG°rxn = ΔH°rxn - TΔS°rxn.

Part A:
ΔG°rxn = ΔH°rxn - TΔS°rxn
= (-84 kJ) - (302 K)(-0.157 kJ/K)
= -84 kJ + 47.51 kJ
= -36 kJ

Part B:
ΔG°rxn = ΔH°rxn - TΔS°rxn
= (-84 kJ) - (860 K)(-0.157 kJ/K)
= -84 kJ + 135.22 kJ
= 51 kJ

Part C:
ΔG°rxn = ΔH°rxn - TΔS°rxn
= (84 kJ) - (302 K)(-0.157 kJ/K)
= 84 kJ + 47.51 kJ
= 132 kJ

Part D:
ΔG°rxn = ΔH°rxn - TΔS°rxn
= (-84 kJ) - (398 K)(0.157 kJ/K)
= -84 kJ - 62.63 kJ
= -147 kJ



Part A: ΔG°rxn = (-84 kJ) - (302 K)(-157 J/K)(1 kJ/1000 J) = -84 kJ + 47.4 kJ = -36.6 kJ. Answer: -37 kJ (rounded to the nearest integer).

Part B: ΔG°rxn = (-84 kJ) - (860 K)(-157 J/K)(1 kJ/1000 J) = -84 kJ + 134.9 kJ = 50.9 kJ. Answer: 51 kJ (rounded to the nearest integer).

Part C: ΔG°rxn = (84 kJ) - (302 K)(-157 J/K)(1 kJ/1000 J) = 84 kJ + 47.4 kJ = 131.4 kJ. Answer: 131 kJ (rounded to the nearest integer).

Part D: ΔG°rxn = (-84 kJ) - (398 K)(157 J/K)(1 kJ/1000 J) = -84 kJ - 62.5 kJ = -146.5 kJ. Answer: -147 kJ (rounded to the nearest integer).

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Answer:

Explanation:

To calculate the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of the copper block, we can use the formula:

Q = m * c * ΔT

where Q is the amount of heat in joules, m is the mass of the copper block in grams, c is the specific heat capacity of copper in J/g-K, and ΔT is the change in temperature in Kelvin.

First, we need to convert the mass of the copper block from kilograms to grams:

m = 2.12 kg * 1000 g/kg = 2120 g

Next, we need to calculate the change in temperature in Kelvin:

ΔT = (88.0 °C + 273.15 K) - (25.0 °C + 273.15 K) = 336.30 K - 298.15 K = 38.15 K

Now, we can plug in the values into the formula:

Q = m * c * ΔT = 2120 g * 0.385 J/g-K * 38.15 K = 31233.98 J

Therefore, approximately 31,234 joules of heat are needed to raise the temperature of the 2.12-kg block of copper from 25.0 °C to 88.0 °C.

Answer:

P4O10 + 6H2O → 4H3PO4

so 1,6,4

The balanced equation is :

                                P₄O₁₀ + 6 H₂O ⇒ 4 H₃PO₄

A balanced equation is an equation for a chemical reaction in which the number of atoms for each element in the reaction and the total charge is the same for both the reactants and the products. In other words, the mass and the charge are balanced on both sides of the reaction.

The unbalanced equation is -

                              P₄O₁₀ + H₂O ⇒ H₃PO₄

There are 4 P on the reactant side, to balance P atom we need to add P on the product side also.

                             P₄O₁₀ + H₂O ⇒ 4 H₃PO₄

To balance the O atom on both sides, add coefficient 6 in front of water and this gives the balanced equation is written as -

                              P₄O₁₀ + 6 H₂O ⇒ 4 H₃PO₄

Therefore,

The balanced equation is :

                                P₄O₁₀ + 6 H₂O ⇒ 4 H₃PO₄

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Answer:

Viewed simply, electrons are arranged in shells around an atom's nucleus. Electrons closest to the nucleus will have the lowest energy. Electrons further away from the nucleus will have higher energy. ... In a more realistic model, electrons move in atomic orbitals, or subshells.

Explanation:

Viewed simply, electrons are arranged in shells around an atom's nucleus. Electrons closest to the nucleus will have the lowest energy. Electrons further away from the nucleus will have higher energy. ... In a more realistic model, electrons move in atomic orbitals, or subshells.

Answer:

B. increase

Explanation:

the pressure will increase because there is more molecules inside the container

Answer:

2Mg(s) + O2(g) - >2MgO(s)

The mole fraction of urea in the solution is 0.221.

The vapor pressure of a solution is related to the mole fraction of the solute in the solution by Raoult's law, which states that the partial vapor pressure of a component in a solution is equal to the vapor pressure of the pure component multiplied by its mole fraction in the solution.

Using this law, we can write:

P_total = P_urea + P_water

where P_total is the total vapor pressure of the solution, P_urea is the partial vapor pressure of urea, and P_water is the partial vapor pressure of water.

We are given that P_total = 294.7 mmHg and P_water = 359.8 mmHg.

Rearranging Raoult's law, we get:

X_urea = P_urea / P_total

Substituting the values we have, we get:

X_urea = (P_total - P_water) / P_total = (294.7 - 359.8) / 294.7 = -0.221

However, this answer doesn't make sense since the mole fraction of a component in a solution cannot be negative. Therefore, we need to take the absolute value of the answer, which gives:

X_urea = 0.221

Therefore, the mole fraction of urea in the solution is 0.221.

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Answer:

2

Explanation:

2AgNO3 + Cu -----> Cu(NO3)2. + 2Ag

Answer:

23

Explanation:

there are 23 pairs of chromosomes

46 individula chromosomes

but each parnet contribute one chromosome to each pair

Answer:

23 :)

Explanation:

A 36.0 g sample of metal was heated from 0°C to 55.0°C. It absorbed 150 J of energy as heat then the specific heat of this piece of metal is 0.0758 J/g.°C  .

The term "specific heat" refers to the amount of energy needed to raise a substance's unit mass by one degree Celsius. This can be mathematically stated as:

q = m×c×ΔT,

where ,

q = the amount of heat

m = the mass of the substance

c = the respective substance's specific heat;

ΔT = the change in temperature.

So, if we want to determine the units for specific heat, we'll just isolate the term in the above formula to get

c = q / m × ΔT                    ( i )

Since heat is measured in Joules ( J ) , mass in grams ( g ) , and temperature in degree Celsius , we can determine that specific heat capacity from equation ( i )  by putting all the given data in this equation ,

c =  150 J / 36.0 g × 55.0 °C = 150 J / 1980 g.°C = 0.0758 J/g.°C

Therefore, specific heat is measured in Joules per g times degree Celsius.

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Answer:

2S +3O2 =2SO3

Explanation:

2 at the front of sulphur is to equalize the 2 put in SO3.

Answer:

S+02=SO3

2S+3O2=2SO3

There are 2 sulphur and 6 oygen

Answer:the answer is B

Explanation:

The given statement, production associates are not allowed to view the process safety management documents. They are only for supervisors and upper management is true.

Since they provide advice on how to manage the risks and hazards connected to certain operations or processes, these documents are often written with supervisors and top management in mind. This is done to make sure the management team has the knowledge it needs to decide on process safety in an informed manner and to make sure the right safety measures are in place to safeguard employees and the neighbourhood.

It is crucial to remember that a person's unique job responsibilities and the level of access required to carry out those duties should determine who has access to PSM documents. If it's necessary for them to carry out their duties, some production associates might have access to particular PSM documents.

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The critical temperature to initiate the proton-proton cycle in the cores of stars is about 10 million Kelvin (10 MK).

The proton-proton cycle is the primary process by which stars convert hydrogen into helium, and it is the source of their energy.

It occurs in the hot and dense cores of stars, where the temperature and pressure are high enough to overcome the electrostatic repulsion between protons. At these temperatures, the kinetic energy of the particles is high enough to overcome the Coulomb barrier, and protons can fuse together to form helium-4 nuclei.

This process releases energy in the form of gamma rays and neutrinos, which eventually make their way to the surface of the star and are radiated into space.

The critical temperature of 10 MK is the temperature at which the proton-proton cycle becomes the dominant energy source in the core of a star.

Below this temperature, fusion reactions are too slow to sustain the star's energy output, and the core contracts and heats up until the temperature reaches the critical point.

The exact temperature at which the proton-proton cycle becomes dominant depends on the mass and composition of the star.

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Answer:

-

They move faster than molecules of a liquid or gas

They move faster than molecules of a liquid or gas and have no attraction to each other. So, the correct options are (B) and (D).

A gas is defined as a sample of matter which conforms to the shape of a container in which it is placed and attains a uniform density inside the container, even in the presence of gravity and regardless of the amount of substance in the container.

This is type of fluid like air which has neither independent shape nor volume but tends to expand indefinitely.

Gases have certain properties like

1. Easy to compress

2. Expand to fill the containers

3. Occupy much more space than the liquid or solid materials from which they are made.

Thus, they move faster than molecules of a liquid or gas and have no attraction to each other. So, the correct options are (B) and (D).

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When antacid reacts with HCl to produce H2CO3 it produce fizzy gas react due to a double displacement reaction.

Table salt and carbonic acid are produced in a two fold displacement process when hydrochloric acid and antacid are combined. Additionally, due to the instability of carbonic acid, it will decompose into water and carbon dioxide, emitting a "fizzy" gas.

Strong acid hydrochloric acid is denoted by the chemical formula HCl. The primary ingredient in antacids is sodium bicarbonate, sometimes known as baking soda and has the chemical formula NaHCO3.

Antacid undergoes a chemical reaction when it reacts as a carbonate with powerful acids like hydrochloric acid to create compounds with a different chemical makeup from the beginning components. Similar reactions will be produced by other carbonates, such as calcium carbonate, which makes up the majority of Tums.

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Answer:

A

Explanation:

Answer:

B

Explanation:

In a chemical reaction, the number of each element should be equal on both the reactant and product side.

Two imbalances that are related are hypoglycemia and alkaloids. Hypoglycemia refers to low levels of chloride in the blood, while alkaloids refers to a pH imbalance that leads to a higher than normal alkaline level in the blood.

1. Hypoglycemia and Alkaloids: Hypoglycemia is a condition where there's a low level of chloride (Cl-) in the blood. This can be related to alkaloids, which is a condition where the body's pH is higher than normal. In response to hypoglycemia, the kidney tubules excrete additional Cl- to buffer the high concentrations of H+ in the tubules, which can lead to alkaloids.

2. Alkaloids and Acidosis following Hemorrhage: Hemorrhage can cause alkaloids due to the activation of the rein-angioplasty-testosterone system. This system increases sodium (Na+) re absorption in the kidneys, leading to a higher secretion of H+ ions into the tubular fluid. This can cause an imbalance and potentially lead to alkaloids. Conversely, systemic acidosis, a condition with a lower pH than normal, can occur due to the high levels of H+ ions, forcing a greater binding of extracellular fluid (ECF) calcium to anions, which can also lead to alkaloids.

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Answer:

A balanced ionic equation shows the reacting ions in a chemical reaction. These equations can be used to represent what happens in precipitation reactions or displacement reactions.

Precipitation reactions

In a typical precipitation reaction, two soluble reactants form an insoluble product and a soluble product.

For example, silver nitrate solution reacts with sodium chloride solution. Insoluble solid silver chloride and sodium nitrate solution form:

AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)

The Na+ ions and NO3- ions remain separate in the sodium nitrate solution and do not form a precipitate. Ions that remain essentially unchanged during a reaction are called spectator ions.This means these can be ignored when writing the ionic equation. Only how the solid silver chloride forms is needed to be shown:

Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq) → AgCl(s)

In a balanced ionic equation:

the number of positive and negative charges is the same

the numbers of atoms of each element on the left and right are the same

Displacement reactions

Displacement reactions take place when a reactive element displaces a less reactive element from one of its compounds.

A common type of displacement reaction takes place when a reactive metal reacts with the salt of a less reactive metal. For example, copper reacts with silver nitrate solution to produce silver and copper(II) nitrate solution:

2AgNO3(aq) + Cu(s) → 2Ag(s) + Cu(NO3)2(aq)

In this reaction, the NO3- ions remain in the solution and do not react - they are the spectator ions in this reaction. So, they can be removed from the ionic equation:

2Ag+(aq) + Cu(s) → 2Ag(s) + Cu2+(aq)

Question

Explain why this ionic equation is balanced:

Ba2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) → BaSO4(s)

Hide answer

There are the same numbers of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation. The total charge on both sides is also the same (zero).

Question

Balance this ionic equation, which represents the formation of a silver carbonate precipitate:

Ag+(aq) + CO32-(aq) → Ag2CO3(s)

Hide answer

2Ag+(aq) + CO32-(aq) → Ag2CO3(s)

Question

Balance this ionic equation, which represents the displacement of iodine from iodide ions by chlorine:

Cl2(aq) + I-(aq) → I2(aq) + Cl-(aq)

Hide answer

Cl2(aq) + 2I-(aq) → I2(aq) + 2Cl-(aq

Explanation:

this will help, I used this for my work x

AgNO₃ (aq) + NaCl (aq) → AgCl (s) + NaNO₃(aq) is the complete chemical equation taking place between the 2 reactants.

Chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction which is written in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactants are present on the left hand side while the products are present on the right hand side.

A plus sign is present between reactants and products if they are more than one in any case and an arrow is present pointing towards the product side which indicates the direction of the reaction .There are coefficients present next to the chemical symbols and formulas .

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Answer:

13

Explanation:

Answer:

it is 13

Explanation:

The mass density of material A would be greater than that of material B.

The mass density is the measure of the amount of mass per unit volume. It is usually expressed in kg/m^3. Mass density is a significant material property and is typically used to characterize materials.

Material A has a smaller average atomic separation than material B. The atoms in material A are on average closer together.

The greater the number of atoms present per unit volume, the higher the mass density. In general, if the atomic arrangement is denser, then the material would have a greater mass density.

Material A is made up of tightly packed atoms, whereas material B has a greater average atomic separation. The amount of mass per unit volume would be higher for material A. Thus, the mass density of material A would be greater than that of material B.

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Answer:

B

Explanation:

Answer: Magnet

Explanation:Using a magnet is the best separating technique to be deployed in this case. The nails are easily picked out by just holding a magnet over the sandbox.

Explanation:

It is the quantity that describes the amount of matter in any sample of matter

When, a 0.05 m solution of an unknown acid is tested and its ph is measured at 2.4. Then, the Ka of the unknown acid is approximately \(10^{(-2.4)}\), and its pKa is approximately 2.4.

To calculate the Ka and pKa of an unknown acid based on its pH, you need to use the relationship between the concentration of the acid and the concentration of its conjugate base. Here's how you can proceed;

Convert the pH to the concentration of H⁺ ions.

Since the pH is given as 2.4, the concentration of H⁺ ions can be calculated using the equation:

[H⁺] = \(10^{(-pH)}\)

[H⁺] = \(10^{(-2.4)}\)

Determine the concentration of the acid and its conjugate base.

In this case, the acid is the unknown species, so let's assume its concentration is 'x' M.

The concentration of the conjugate base will also be 'x' M since the acid is a monoprotic acid.

Write the equilibrium expression for the dissociation of the acid.

The dissociation of the acid will be represented as follows;

HA ⇋ H⁺ + A⁻

Set up the expression for the acid dissociation constant (Ka).

The Ka expression is;

Ka = [H⁺][A⁻] / [HA]

Substitute the concentrations into the Ka expression.

Ka = ([H⁺][A⁻]) / [HA]

Ka = ([H⁺][x]) / [x]

Since the concentration of the conjugate base is also 'x' M, the expression simplifies to; Ka = [H⁺]

Calculate the Ka and pKa.

Substituting the calculated [H⁺] value into the Ka expression;

Ka = [H⁺] = \(10^{(-2.4)}\)

To find pKa, you can take the negative logarithm (base 10) of Ka:

pKa = -log10(Ka)

Calculating pKa;

pKa = -log10(\(10^{(-2.4)}\))

Simplifying;

pKa = 2.4

Therefore, the Ka of the unknown acid is approximately \(10^{(-2.4)}\), and its pKa is approximately 2.4.

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