during mutagenesis, benzer observed two lysis mutants that did not complement, but produced a few normal plaques in the lambda phage. what was his explanation for these plaques?
Answers
In the field of molecular genetics, Seymour Benzer was a pioneering scientist who conducted groundbreaking research on the nature of genetic mutations using the bacteriophage lambda as a model organism. In one of his experiments, he observed two lysis mutants that did not complement, but produced a few normal plaques in the lambda phage.
In the case of the two lysis mutants observed by Benzer, it is likely that each mutant carried a different mutation that affected a different functional domain of the lysis protein. Individually, these mutations would cause defective lysis and therefore the formation of small or abnormal plaques.
However, when the two mutations were present in the same phage particle, the two defective domains of the lysis protein could complement each other, resulting in the production of a few normal plaques.
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Related Questions
Using the information you learned in the CRISPR interactive, match the following vocabulary with their respective definitions.
Column A
1.
Targeting:
2.
Binding:
3.
Cleaving:
4.
DNA Repair:
Column B
a. The Cas9 unwinds the DNA double helix to a location that perfectly matches a sequence of 20 nucleotides within the guide RNA. the DNA and matching RNA bind through complementary base pairing.
b. The Cas9-guide RNA complex is introduced into a cell, in which it randomly dissociates with the DNA.
c. Cells contain enzymes that repair double-stranded DNA breaks
d. This step causes the 3D structure to cut DNA strands at a site and upstream.
Answers
The complementary base pairing rule, which states that Adenine must always pair with Thymine and Guanine must always pair with Cytosine, holds the double helix shape of DNA together.
What is CRISPR?
Thousands of genes that can lead to illness disorders in our bodies have been found by researchers.
Small guide RNA first forms a complex with the protein CAS9 endonuclease. The Cas9/sgRNA complex that results from this binds the PAM sequence found in the target DNA. Cas9 unzips DNA upon interacting with the PAM sequence.
Therefore, the small guide RNA (sgRNA) in the CAS9 complex combines with the target DNA to form a hybrid. Cas9, which snips the target DNA, detects this hybridization.
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In 2002, Colorado was suffering from extreme drought. Which technology will help Colorado reduce the effects of future droughts?
A.
building sea walls
B.
building levees
C.
building dams
D.
building storm shelters
Answers
Answer:
c. building dams
Explanation:
Answer:
building sea walls building levees building dams building storm shelters
Discuss -using your own words- the main difference(s) between Monolithic systems, microkernels, and hybrid kernels.
Answers
Monolithic systems have a single kernel with tightly integrated components, microkernels have minimal services in the kernel, and hybrid kernels strike a balance by incorporating some non-essential services in the kernel.
Monolithic systems, microkernels, and hybrid kernels are different approaches to designing operating systems. In a monolithic system, the entire operating system is contained within a single large kernel. This means that all services, device drivers, and system functions are tightly integrated, resulting in efficient communication but limited modularity and scalability.
Microkernels, on the other hand, follow a minimalist approach. They only include essential services in the kernel, such as process scheduling and inter-process communication, while other services run as separate user-level processes. This design promotes modularity, fault isolation, and extensibility, but communication between components can be slower due to the need for message passing.
Hybrid kernels attempt to strike a balance between the two. They incorporate some non-essential services in the kernel for performance reasons, but still provide a modular design. This compromises some of the advantages of pure microkernels but aims to achieve better performance than monolithic systems while maintaining modularity and isolation to a certain extent.
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What assumptions do you think are made in predicting population growth into the future?
Answers
Population growth, requires two core assumptions: birth and death rate, which will acount for population growth and decrease, respectively. As medicine develops, it is expected that there will be more succesful births, and that death rate will decrease. Regarding death rate, lifespan predictions are important factors that are required for population growth. Lifespan predictions might vary between countries, since income and country development are important issues influencing population lifespan.
What makes the MRSA strain of staph more dangerous than common bacteria?
Answers
Solution:
The correct answer is:
The answer lies in the resistance to antibiotics that occurs with this bacterium. Indeed, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection is caused by a type of staph bacteria that's become resistant to many of the antibiotics used to treat ordinary staph infections. This makes infections with this bacterium dangerous, as most antibiotics are given seem not to work in patients infected with this bacterium.
6. Measurement of the concentration of a substance that is performed by measuring the decreased intensity of light blocked by particles in solution at 180° from the source is called:
a. fluorometry. b. atomic absorption. c. turbidimetry. d. nephelometry.
7. A solution that is identical to that of calibrating or unknown solutions except that the substance to be measured and that is used to set 100% T (zero absorbance) at the beginning of a photometric analysis is referred to as a：
a. standard solution. b. calibrating solution. c. reference blank. d. reagent blank.
8. In a fluorescence measurement, if an excited macromolecule is heavily labeled by a fluorophore, the label could be in such proximity to other fluorophores that the resulting fluorescence is much lower than expected. This limitation of fluorescence is referred to as:
a. light scattering. b. concentration quenching. c. solvent quenching. d. the sample matrix effect.
Answers
Turbidimetry is a technique that determines the concentration of a substance in a sample by measuring the decrease in light intensity caused by particles in solution at 180 degrees from the source.
The correct option to the given question is option c.
Turbidimetry is widely used to measure the concentration of bacteria, viruses, and other particles in solution, as well as to determine the size of these particles. Turbidimetry is a reliable and sensitive method for measuring the concentration of particles in a solution, and it has numerous applications in medical, environmental, and industrial fields.
A reference blank is a solution that is similar to the unknown or calibration solutions but contains no analyte. The answer to this question is C. It is used to set the 100% T (zero absorbance) value at the beginning of a photometric analysis. The reference blank is used to correct for any variations in the instrument, such as drift or changes in temperature, that may affect the absorbance readings. The use of a reference blank ensures that the instrument is properly calibrated, and that the absorbance readings are accurate and reliable.
Concentration quenching is a phenomenon that occurs when the fluorescence of a sample is reduced by the presence of high concentrations of fluorophores. The answer to this question is B, concentration quenching. This occurs because the excited fluorophores collide with one another, transferring their energy to each other instead of emitting light. Concentration quenching is a major limitation of fluorescence measurements, and it can lead to inaccurate results if not properly accounted for. Several techniques are used to minimize the effects of concentration quenching, such as diluting the sample or using a less-labeled fluorophore.
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the direct interconnection of two arteries is called an arterial
Answers
The direct interconnection of two arteries is called an arterial anastomosis.
An anastomosis is a joining or opening between two things that are frequently diverging or branching, such as between blood vessels, leaf veins, or streams. A connection or joining of two arteries that permits blood flow between them is referred to as an arterial anastomosis. It is a connection between two artery vessels that can develop naturally or by surgery.
An arterial anastomosis's function is to offer additional blood flow channels, ensuring that tissues and organs receive enough blood. When one of the arteries is blocked or is being narrowed, these anastomoses become even more crucial. These connections enable blood to travel a different path to the downstream tissues, avoiding the afflicted location. They support tissue viability and guard against ischemia damage.
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This is the question I need help with.
Answers
Answer:
rodents
Explanation:
because they are closely related and have a more recent common ancestor. Hope the picture helps u to understand:)
Answer: D or Rodents
Explanation: Rodents have the same four limbs, Eukaryotic, have Vertabrae, and same Amniotic egg and hair/ fur, so they are the most closely related in this graph
Characteristics of crossing over
Which of the following statements about crossing over is TRUE?
A.)It occurs only in males.
B.)It occurs only in some chromosomes.
C.)It occurs only between genes that are heterozygous.
D.)It results in reduced genetic variation among gametes.
E.)None of these statements are true regarding crossing over.
Answers
Answer:
A it occurs only in some chromosomes
Do the oceans or terrestrial biosphere have greater storage of carbon?
A. Oceans, because so much of the earth is covered by oceans.
B. Terrestrial biosphere, because so much of the earth is covered by land.
C. Terrestrial biosphere, because it includes the carbon stored by living things.
D. Oceans, because they are in direct contact with the atmosphere.
Answers
Answer:
A. Oceans, because so much of the Earth is covered by the oceans.
Explanation:
2/3 of the Earth is covered by oceans, which where a lot of carbon is stored. I also just took the quiz.
A researcher experimented with adhesives and glues to find new and stronger adhesives. In 1968, he discovered an adhesive that was very weak rather than strong. The adhesive would stick to paper but it could be removed easily without leaving a trace of adhesive. Because he was trying to find stronger adhesives, the results of that experiment were considered a failure. Several years later, he had the idea of coating paper with the weak adhesive. This meant that notes could be stuck to paper and easily removed at a later time. Today, these removable notes are used by millions of people.
Using the information in the paragraph above, answer the following question in essay format.
6. The original adhesive experiment was considered a failure. Appraise the importance of evaluating the results of an experiment with an open mind
Answers
Small pieces of paper with a light stickiness on the back are known as sticky notes, Post-it notes, or repositionable notes. The notes can be repeatedly taken from and reattached to a variety of surfaces and papers thanks to the adhesive.
Canary yellow, three-inch squares were the original form of post-it notes. Sticky notes are available in a wide range of sizes, shapes, and colours nowadays. Every day, people utilise sticky notes all across the world. People always carry and use sticky notes, whether they are at home, at work or in any other setting. Would you consider them to be a brilliant innovation that was created entirely by chance? It is real. Sticky notes were not intentionally invented. Instead, a chemist at 3M Company named Dr. Spencer Silver created a novel, low-tack adhesive in 1968 that could adhere to objects while simultaneously being moved around a number of times. Instead of the super-strong adhesive he was attempting to create, he created a super-weak one.
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At what point did the two groups of anthropods split, and why?
Answers
Hexapoda (insects and springtails), Chelicerata (arachnids), Crustacea (crustaceans), and Myriapoda (myriapods) are the four subphyla of extant forms that make up the phylum Arthropoda.
What is meant by Arthropods?Any member of the invertebrate animal group (Arthropoda), which includes insects, arachnids, and crustaceans, that has a segmented body, jointed limbs, a typically chitinous exoskeleton that sheds at regular intervals, and a ventral chain of ganglia connecting to the dorsal anterior brain.
Animals with joined legs are known as arthropods. Arthropoda, the name of the phylum, refers to invertebrates with jointed legs and an exoskeleton.
The existence of numerous joints, a chitinous exoskeleton, segmentation, and an open circulatory system define an arthropod as a living invertebrate. The internal organs of the organisms are shielded by the chitinous exoskeleton.
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Clean water in a river is nonexcludable in that: Group of answer choices more than one person can consume the same unit of the good at the same time. the supplier cannot prevent consumption by people who do not pay for it. individuals ignore the effect their use has on the amount of the resource remaining for others. the market suffers from inefficiently low consumption.
Answers
Clean water in a river is nonexcludable in that the supplier cannot prevent consumption by people who do not pay for it.
Nonexcludability means that it is not feasible to exclude individuals from using or consuming a certain good or resource. In the case of clean water in a river, the supplier, which could be the government or a public entity responsible for managing the water resources, cannot prevent people from accessing or using the water even if they do not pay for it.
Rivers are typically open and accessible to the public, and it is challenging to control or enforce payment or ownership rights over the water flowing in them. Therefore, anyone can consume the same unit of clean water in the river without being prevented by the supplier, regardless of whether they have paid for it or not.
Clean water in a river is nonexcludable because the supplier cannot prevent individuals from consuming the water, regardless of whether they have paid for it or not. This nonexcludability poses challenges in terms of managing and allocating water resources efficiently, as there is no direct control over who uses the water and how much they consume.
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1. Gases are transported by red blood cells because the cells contain
carbon dioxide
hemoglobin
plasma
platelets
Answers
Answer:
Hemoglobin
Explanation:
These cells contain a metalloprotein called hemoglobin, which is composed of four subunits with a ring-like structure.
Hemoglobin is a protein that is found in red blood cells and is responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and carrying carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs to be exhaled. Hemoglobin has a high affinity for both oxygen and carbon dioxide, which allows it to bind and release these gases efficiently as it travels through the body.
The correct sequence of layers of a typical blood vessel working from the lumen outwards, from superficial to deep, are ________. Group of answer choices tunica media, tunica externa, tunica intima tunica intima, tunica media, tunica externa tunica externa, tunica intima, tunica media tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intima tunica media, tunica intima, tunica externa
Answers
The correct sequence of layers of a typical blood vessel, working from the lumen outwards, from superficial to deep, is the tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica externa. Option B is the correct answer.
The correct sequence of layers in a typical blood vessel, from the lumen (innermost) to the outermost layer, is as follows:
Tunica intima: This innermost layer is composed of endothelial cells and a thin layer of connective tissue. It provides a smooth surface for blood flow and helps regulate vascular tone.Tunica media: The middle layer consists of smooth muscle cells and elastic fibers. It plays a vital role in regulating vessel diameter and blood flow by contracting or relaxing in response to various stimuli.Tunica externa (also called tunica adventitia): The outermost layer is primarily composed of connective tissue, including collagen fibers. It provides structural support and protects the blood vessel.Therefore, the correct sequence is the tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica externa.
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Zach is conducting an experiment to observe which type of fertilizer will allow a plant to grow the tallest. He puts three plants in identical pots and places them in the same location. He waters the plants each day with the same amount of water. Then, Zach measures the plant growth and records his observations.
Which of these is the control group in Zach’s experiment?
a) the growth rate of each plant
b) the pot that does not contain fertilizer
c) the type of fertilizer used in each plant
d) the amount of water given to each plant
Answers
Answer:
the pot that does not contain fertilizer
Explanation:
Answer: The answer is Pot that does not contain fertilizer
Explanation: I took the test
What is the nature of reality? Is it objective or subjective?
Answers
Explain how shape is important in insulin's ability to send messages to
cells about blood glucose levels.
Answers
The shape of the receptor is essential in insulin's ability to send messages to cells about blood glucose levels and glucose out of your bloodstream and carry it into cells throughout your body. The cells then utilise the glucose for energy and keep the extra glucose in liver, muscles, and fat tissue.
Which part of this negative feedback loop is the stimulus ?A negative feedback loop takes place in the field of biology specifically in processes of homeostasis, when the product of the reaction leads to a decrease in the overall process.
Through this, the stimulus of a negative feedback loop brings a system to bring system to equilibrium or stability.
In this provided case increase in glucose level in the blood is acts as the stimulus to release the insulin hormone that return the blood glucose level back to normal.
Thus, his could be the answer.
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2. What does polar mean?
A. A molecule is cold
B. A molecule has ionic bonds
C. A equal sharing of electrons
D. An unequal sharing of electrons
Answers
Hello!
⭐What does polar mean?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
D. An unequal sharing of electrons--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chemical polarity or only polar is a property of molecules that represents the separation of electric charges in the same molecule (see also electric dipole). ...
I hope I have helped you :D
greetings
atte:
Angela
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Due to the size of the Universe and the number of galaxies and stars in it, scientists must devise indirect ways to study it. Which of these represents the best way for scientists to study the Universe?
Answers
Answer:
A. Scientists should create a graph showing a comparison of the relative sizes of all the galaxies and stars.
Explanation:
Due to the size of the universe and the number of galaxies and stars in it, scientists must use different methods for the purpose of the study, such as the analysis of cosmic microwave background radiation, gravitational lensing, etc.
What is the significance of the cosmology studies?Scientists can conduct cosmology research in a variety of ways, including using computer simulations to model and predict the evolution of the universe and all of its materials, using gravitational lensing to measure the distribution of dark matter, and so on. Apart from that, the universe can be studied by using telescopes at various wavelengths,
Hence, due to the size of the universe and the number of galaxies and stars in it, scientists must use different methods for the purpose of the study, such as the analysis of cosmic microwave background radiation, gravitational lensing, etc.
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What role do smooth muscle cells perform in a human body?
Answers
what would happen if the abiotic matter in the environment was not recycled
Answers
Answer:
It would have drastic effect
Explanation:
It would have extreme affects to many organisms by an example:
let's say this plant needs to be in low temperatures and thanks to global warming most likely this plant won't be alive any more
credits to:socratic.org for a longer explanation just in case ;)
hopefully this helps
Fill in the blank Blank 1 -they share a common ancestor -they do not share a common ancestor -they are not linked through evolution Blank 2 -the Archaeopteryx evolved from birds -the Archaeopteryx came after dinosaurs but before birds -the Archaeopteryx evolved before nonflying dinosaurs
Answers
Answer:
1) they share a common ancestor
2) the Archaeopteryx came after dinosaurs but before birds
Explanation:
Birds, dinosaurs and Archaeopteryx evolved from a common ancestor so we can say that they share a common ancestor. With the passage of time, changes occurs in the structure of an organism and a new species is formed. Same events occurs with ancestor of birds, dinosaurs and Archaeopteryx. Archaeopteryx is a transitional fossil that comes after the dinosaurs and before the birds. Archaeopteryx is also known as the first on the earth. With the passage of time some dinosaurs bears wing and then converted into birds.
the basic building blocks for the various structures that together make up the human being.
Answers
The basic building blocks for the various structures that together make up the human being are cells.
Cell: structural and functional unit of lifeCells are the smallest functional and structural units of living organisms. The building block of all organisms are made up of cells, and humans are no exception. In the human beings, there are different types of cells that work together to make up tissues, organs, and organ systems.
The cells work together to form tissues, which work together to form organs, which work together to form organ systems. This complex organization of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems enables the human body to function properly.
Tissues are groups of cells that work together to perform a specific function. Examples of tissues include muscle tissue, nervous tissue, and epithelial tissue. Organs are groups of tissues that work together to perform a specific function. Examples of organs include the heart, lungs, and liver. Organ systems are groups of organs that work together to perform a specific function. Examples of organ systems include the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, and digestive system.In summary, cells are the basic building blocks of the various structures that together make up the human being.
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organisms that are able to convert solar energy to chemical energy are known as . answer unselected converters unselected consumers unselected producers unselected enablers
Answers
According to given statement Producers convert solar energy to chemical energy.
What is organism and example?A living creature which has a defined system, is capable of responding to stimuli, can reproduce, develop, adapt, and preserve homeostasis is referred to as an organism. Therefore, every animal, vegetable, fungal, protist, bacterium, or large and dense found on Earth would be considered an organism.
What is a simple organism?Like a single-celled organism, basic organisms have a straightforward organizational structure. A single cell handles every fundamental task. Complex organism: Cells in complex organisms perform a variety of tasks. They have a complex structural arrangement that includes tissues, organs, and an organ system.
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Water that is in a condensed form can be absorbed through leaves.
False
True
Answers
Answer: Yes it is true
Answer:
TRUE
Explanation:
It is called Transpiration
DNA ___________ is important because it ensures that when a cell divides, the two resulting cells have the same genetic code. Pleaseee help
Answers
Answer: Replication
Explanation: When the cell is preparing to divide it will replicate its DNA so that both of the daughter cells will have a complete set of the DNA. It's like a book of instructions and the cell has to perfectly replicate it so that when it splits into two both of the new cells will have a perfectly made copy of it! Hope this helps :)
9. Which statement describes how DNA, RNA and proteins are related?
a RNA copies DNA and uses the information to make proteins .
b. Protein produces DNA, which then puts RNA together.
c. DNA is made up of RNA and protein
. d. DNA and RNA are two different types of proteins.
Answers
explanation :
Starfish can regenerate lost limbs. Explain why this behaviour is more like a plant than an animal.
Answers
I need the order please
