electrons in core orbitals contribute significantly to bonding of molecules. group of answer choices true false

Answer:

A human cell

Explanation:

Microorganisms are usually about 1/10th of a human cell, they were determined smaller because of how bacteiria counts as a microorganism

Isotope -

What is the term for atoms that have the same number of neutrons and protons but a different energy configuration?

Atoms that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are known as isotopes. Isotopes have different atomic masses.

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Answer:

sodium atoms are much larger than chlorine atoms but in case of sodium ions they are much smaller thqn chlorine ions

Answer:

159.3 grams Al

Explanation:

1 Mol of Al = 27 grams, so:

5.9 Mol Al (27g/1mol) = 159.3 grams Al

The Mol gets canceled out, leaving the unit of grams.

Answer:

300

Explanation:

bcuz why not

Answer:

Explanation:

In first picture,

When rock was not in the cylinder,

Volume of water

\( = {18cm}^{3} \)

In second picture,

When rock is in the cylinder,

Volume of water

\( = {36cm}^{3} \)

Hence,

Volume of rock

\( = 36 {cm}^{3} - {18cm}^{3} \)

\( = 18 {cm}^{3} (ans)\)

The atomic number of an element represents the number of protons in an atom of that element. Since the isotope given is Mn-59, the atomic number of manganese (Mn) remains the same, which is 25.

If an atom of Mn-59 has a charge of +5, it means that it has lost 5 electrons. The number of protons in an atom is equal to its atomic number, and the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons in a neutral atom. Therefore, if the atom has lost 5 electrons, the number of protons remains the same, which is 25.

So, an atom of Mn-59 with a charge of +5 has 25 protons.

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Answer:

Explanation:

For amount of radiation from a hot body there is Stefan's Boltzman's law which is given below .

E = e σ T⁴

E is amount emitted , e is emissivity , σ is stefan's constant = 5.67 X 10⁻⁸ W / m² . for earth e =.85 approx

E = .85 x 5.67 X 10⁻⁸ x T⁴

604 = .85 x 5.67 X 10⁻⁸ x T⁴

604 = 4.82 x 10⁻⁸ T⁴

T⁴ = 125.31 x 10⁸

T =  3.3457 x 10²

= 334.57K

Temperature in Celsius = 334.57 - 273

= 61.57 Celsius .

Answer

Mass of (H30)2CrO = 38 g

Explanation

Given:

Mass of Sn(CrO4)2 = 43.4 g

Mass of (H3O)2HPO4 = 35.2 g

Required: The mass of (H30)2CrO4 that will be produced

Solution:

Calculate the possible mass that could be produced by each reactant, so as to determine the limiting reagent. Use stoichiometry.

For Sn(CrO4)2:

For (H3O)2HPO4

Sn(CrO4)2 will produce less (H30)2CrO4 therefore, Sn(CrO4)2 is the limiting reagent.

Answer:

1st step : find the number of moles for the known substance

number of moles =mass/ relative molecular mass

n=23/Li2O2

n=23/(14+32)

n =23/46

n= 0,5moles

2nd step : balance the equation

2Li202 +2H20-----> 4LiOH +O2

3rd step : find the mole ratio of the known or stated using the balanced equation

Li2O2 : O2

2 : 1

4th step :find the number of moles for the asked using the mole ratio using simple proportion

Li2O2 :O2

2 :1

0,5 :???

0,5/2 ×1

= 0,25moles for (O2)

5th step : find the asked either mass , volume , concentration

number of moles = volume/molar gas volume

volume = number of moles × molar gas volume

v = 0,25moles × 28dm^3

v= 7 dm^3 of (O2)

Atoms of hydrogen are then balanced. Watch the following video to learn more about oxygen atoms. C12H22O11 with 12O2 equals 12CO2 plus 11H2O.

Balance C12H22O11 + O2 CO2 + H2O

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Answer:Science has established that human activity is to blame for global warming.

The extensive combustion of fuels by humans contributed to the ozone layer's depletion by producing greenhouse gases.

An illustration of how two people with opposing viewpoints could argue while compiling information and reports on climate change

With the increase in carbon dioxide, the greenhouse effect may be contested.

Someone else will counterargue that a volcanic explosion caused the climatic change.

Answer:

Neutrons, Atomic Number, Atomic Mass

Explanation:

The Atomic mass is used to calculate the number of Neutrons in an atom.

Every atom is composed of Protons and Neutrons forming a tight compact nucleus orbited by electrons. The Atomic number of an element tells how many Protons the nucleus has. This is important because it determines how many electrons the atom has and consequently, its chemical properties. The Atomic mass (rounded to the nearest whole number) is the sum of the Protons and Neutrons in the elements nucleus, since their masses are nearly identical (Neutrons have one electron worth more mass than Protons). You subtract an element's Atomic number from its Atomic mass and you get the number of neutrons the element has in the nuclei of its atoms.

1. The polarity of a liquid solvent depends on the difference in electronegativity between the atoms in the molecule and the overall molecular structure. Water (H2O) is a highly polar molecule due to the electronegativity difference between oxygen and hydrogen atoms.

Oxygen is more electronegative, causing a partial negative charge (δ-) on the oxygen atom and partial positive charges (δ+) on the hydrogen atoms.

In contrast, tert-butyl methyl ether (MTBE or C5H12O) is a non-polar molecule. It lacks significant polarity because the oxygen atom is surrounded by alkyl groups (methyl and tert-butyl groups) that contain carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds. Carbon and hydrogen have similar electronegativities, resulting in a relatively symmetrical distribution of electron density and no significant polarity in the molecule.

2. Benzoic acid (C7H6O2) and 2-naphthol (C10H7OH) contain electronegative (EN) atoms such as oxygen in their structures. However, the overall polarity of a molecule depends not only on the presence of EN atoms but also on the molecular arrangement and functional groups.

In the case of benzoic acid, the carbonyl group (C=O) and the aromatic ring structure contribute to its overall non-polarity. The delocalized π-electrons in the aromatic ring offset the partial positive charge on the carbon atom of the carbonyl group, resulting in a cancellation of polarity.

Similarly, 2-naphthol's aromatic ring structure, along with the hydroxyl group (OH), cancels out the polarity due to the OH group. The presence of the aromatic ring and its delocalized π-electrons plays a significant role in reducing the overall polarity of the molecule.

3. Benzoic acid (C7H6O2) is a slightly polar molecule due to the carbonyl group (C=O) and the electronegative oxygen atom. However, it is not highly soluble in water. When a proton (H+) is removed from benzoic acid, forming the benzoate anion (C6H5COO-), the resulting species becomes more soluble in water.

The carboxylate anion (benzoate) is formed by the removal of a proton from the carboxylic acid group (COOH) in benzoic acid. The negative charge on the benzoate anion allows for better interaction with water molecules through ion-dipole interactions, resulting in increased solubility in aqueous solution.

4. The precipitation of a solid when an aqueous solution is acidified is often due to a change in solubility. Many substances have limited solubility in acidic conditions compared to neutral or basic conditions.

When the aqueous solution is acidified, the increase in the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) can disrupt the solvation of the dissolved species. The excess H+ ions can interact with certain ions in the solution, causing them to form insoluble compounds or complexes, leading to the precipitation of a solid.

The change in pH can affect the solubility equilibrium of various compounds, resulting in a shift toward precipitation. The formation of insoluble salts or the reduction of solubility of certain substances in an acidified solution is a common phenomenon observed in chemical reactions and laboratory procedures.

5. Anhydrous sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) is often added to the ether fraction in organic chemistry procedures to remove any residual water. Sodium sulfate is a hygroscopic substance, meaning it has a strong affinity for water and readily absorbs moisture.

By adding anhydrous sodium sulfate to the ether fraction, it acts as a drying agent and absorbs any traces of water present in the organic solvent. Water can interfere with organic reactions, affect the purity of organic compounds, or lead to undesirable side reactions. Therefore, removing water using anhydrous sodium sulfate helps ensure the dryness of the organic solvent and maintains the integrity of the chemical process.

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The product of the Claisen condensation is a β-keto ester, with the specific structure depending on the starting ester molecules.

The reaction between 1,3-diphenylacetone and acrolein in the presence of trimethylamine proceeds through a Michael addition followed by an intramolecular aldol condensation. The mechanism can be illustrated as follows:

Step 1: Michael Addition

The nucleophilic trimethylamine (CH3)3N attacks the electrophilic α,β-unsaturated carbonyl group of acrolein, forming an intermediate.

(CH3)3N + CH2=CHCHO → (CH3)3NCH2-CH=CHO

Step 2: Intramolecular Aldol Condensation

The nucleophilic α-carbon of the intermediate attacks the carbonyl carbon of 1,3-diphenylacetone, forming a new carbon-carbon bond. This is followed by elimination of trimethylamine, resulting in the formation of the product.

(CH3)3NCH2-CH=CHO + C6H5COC6H5 → C18H16O + (CH3)3N

The product formed is C18H16O, with the specific structure depending on the positions of the phenyl groups on the 1,3-diphenylacetone starting material.The Claisen condensation is a reaction between two ester molecules that leads to the formation of a β-keto ester. The mechanism can be illustrated as follows:

Step 1: Deprotonation

An alkoxide ion (RO-) abstracts a proton from one of the ester molecules, forming an enolate ion.

CH3CH2C(O)OCH2CH3 + CH3CH2C(O)OCH2CH3 → CH3CH2C(O)O-CH2CH2CH2CH3 + CH3CH2C(O)OCH2CH3

Step 2: Nucleophilic Attack

The enolate ion attacks the carbonyl carbon of another ester molecule, forming a tetrahedral intermediate.

CH3CH2C(O)O-CH2CH2CH2CH3 + CH3CH2C(O)OCH2CH3 → CH3CH2C(O)-CH2CH2CH2CH3 + CH3CH2C(O)O-CH2CH2CH2CH3

Step 3: Elimination

The tetrahedral intermediate eliminates an alkoxide ion, resulting in the formation of the β-keto ester.

CH3CH2C(O)-CH2CH2CH2CH3 + CH3CH2C(O)O-CH2CH2CH2CH3 → CH3CH2C(O)-CH2CH2CH2CH3 + CH3CH2COO-

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.

A sample of gas has a volume of 32 L at 75°C. At 175.82K temperature will the volume be equal to 16 L

Gases have a tendency to expand when heated, according to the experimental gas law known as Charles's law. The Kelvin temperature and the volume will be directly proportional when the pressure on a sample of a dry gas is held constant, according to a current interpretation of Charles's law.

According to the Charle's law,

\(\frac{V_{1} }{T_{1} } = \frac{V_{2} }{T_{2} }\)

where, V₁ = initial volume

T₁ = initial absolute temperature

V₂ = final volume

T₂ = final absolute temperature

Putting in the values we get,

\(\frac{32}{75} = \frac{16}{T_{2} }\)

\(\frac{32}{348.15} = \frac{16}{T_{2} }\)

\(0.091 = \frac{16}{T_{2} }\)

\(T_{2}\) = 175.82K

Therefore , When a sample of gas has a volume of 32 L at 75°C. At 175.82K temperature will the volume be equal to 16 L

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Answer:

The pH scale measures acidity of a substance. known as potential of hydrogen, it varies from 0 to 14 with 7 being the pH value of a neutral solution. Below 7 shows the substance is acidic in nature and above 7 is alkaline in nature. pH 0-3 are considered strong acids while pH 4-6 are weak acids. pH 8-10 are weak alkalines and pH 11-14 are strong alkalines. This is a general trend and there may be exeptions especially if the substance has a negative pH. However, it would not be covered likely unless you are doing university chemistry.

From the balanced equation, it is clear that, one mole or 28 g of lithium oxide is reacting with one mole or 18 g of water. Then, 250 g of lithium oxide will remove 160.71 g of water.

The balanced chemical equation of a reaction represents the perfect stoichiometric proportions of all the reactants and products in the reaction. The mole ratio of each reactants and the theoretical yield of the product can be determined from the balanced equation.

From the given equation, it is clear that, one mole of lithium oxide reacts completely with one mole of water.

molar mass of  lithium oxide = 28 g/mol

molar mass of water = 18 g/mol

Hence, 28 g of lithium oxide reacts  18 g of water. Then , 250 g of lithium oxide requires:

(250 × 18)/28 = 160.7 g of water.

Therefore, 160.7 g of water is removed by 250 g of lithium oxide.

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During electrolysis, water molecules decompose into hydrogen and oxygen gas, which are released at the cathode and anode respectively. The presence of strontium salts helps conduct electricity, allowing the process to occur.

In this case, the positively charged strontium ions (Sr2+) in the salt solution migrate towards the negatively charged cathode. At the cathode, the strontium ions receive two electrons and are reduced to form metallic strontium (Sr). This process efficiently extracts strontium metal from its salts.

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Answer:

Respiration

Explanation:

Respiration is the system of how an animal breathes

No, only water. Everything has a different b.p & m.p so you can't rlly say all liquids will turn to gas in 100°C. But water does.

Hope it helps :))))

Answer:

table salt

Explanation:

The fugacity in atm for pure ethane at 310 K and 20.4 atm is given by the equation: f = 20.4 exp (-Δg1/RT). The change in chemical potential between this state and a second state of ethane where the temperature is constant but the pressure is 24 atm is -0.0911RT.

Fugacity is a measure of the escaping tendency of a component in a mixture, which is defined as the pressure that the component would have if it obeyed ideal gas laws. It is used as a correction factor in the calculation of equilibrium constants and thermodynamic properties such as chemical potential. Here we need to determine the fugacity in atm for pure ethane at 310 K and 20.4 atm and the change in the chemical potential between this state and a second state of ethane where the temperature is constant but the pressure is 24 atm. So, using the formula of fugacity: f = P.exp(Δu/RT) Where P is the pressure of the system, R is the gas constant, T is the temperature of the system, Δu is the change in chemical potential of the system.  Δu = RT ln (f / P)The chemical potential at the initial state can be calculated using the ideal gas equation as: PV = nRT    

=>  P

= nRT/V

=> 20.4 atm

= nRT/V

=> n/V

= 20.4/RT The chemical potential of the system at the initial state is:

Δu1 = RT ln (f/P)

= RT ln (f/20.4) Also, we know that for a pure substance,

Δu = Δg. So,

Δg1 = Δu1 The change in pressure is 24 atm – 20.4 atm

= 3.6 atm At the second state, the pressure is 24 atm.

Using the ideal gas equation, n/V = 24/RT The chemical potential of the system at the second state is: Δu2 = RT ln (f/24) = RT ln (f/24) The change in chemical potential is Δu2 – Δu1 The change in chemical potential is

Δu2 – Δu1 = RT ln (f/24) – RT ln (f/20.4)

= RT ln [(f/24)/(f/20.4)]

= RT ln (20.4/24)

= - 0.0911 RT Therefore, the fugacity in atm for pure ethane at 310 K and 20.4 atm is:

f = P.exp(Δu/RT)

=> f

= 20.4 exp (-Δu1/RT)

=> f

= 20.4 exp (-Δg1/RT) And, the change in the chemical potential between this state and a second state of ethane where the temperature is constant but pressure is 24 atm is -0.0911RT. Therefore, the fugacity in atm for pure ethane at 310 K and 20.4 atm is given by the equation: f = 20.4 exp (-Δg1/RT). The change in chemical potential between this state and a second state of ethane where the temperature is constant but the pressure is 24 atm is -0.0911RT.

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The suitable syntheses to prepare the given target molecule reaction (as the major product formed) are;B con 80 theat OH trẻ 90CH Talpine 2.

Target molecule is not provided. Decomposition reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which a more complex substance is broken down into two or more simpler substances.

A synthesis reaction is a chemical reaction in which two or more simple substances combine to form a more complex product. This reaction may be classified into two categories, which are: direct combination reactions and decomposition reactions. Direct combination reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which two or more reactants combine to form a more complex product.

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When a person is hyperventilating, both their pH and PCO₂ levels will decrease.

Hyperventilation occurs when breathing becomes unusually fast and shallow. This leads to reduced carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels and higher oxygen (O₂) levels in the blood. A person who is hyperventilating may feel lightheaded, dizzy, or have tingling in the fingers, hands, or feet. They may also experience chest pain or tightness and a feeling of suffocation.

During hyperventilation, the respiratory rate is increased, resulting in a decrease in carbon dioxide concentration in the body. Carbon dioxide is acidic, and as its concentration decreases, the blood becomes more alkaline. This leads to an increase in pH.

In normal circumstances, carbon dioxide is exhaled out of the body, which means that the carbon dioxide concentration is regulated within a specific range. Carbon dioxide concentration can decrease as a result of an increase in ventilation or a decrease in carbon dioxide production. In hyperventilation, both of these mechanisms are at play, leading to a decrease in carbon dioxide concentration.

In summary, when a person is hyperventilating, both their pH and PCO₂ levels will decrease. The decrease in PCO₂ leads to a rise in pH levels.

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Answer:

b

Explanation:

The resource that is not extracted from the ocean is gravel.

Gravel is typically obtained through mining in a wet condition through open pit excavation or by dredging. Later on, it  passes through a series of screens that separate the material into different sizes.

Pumps are used in gravel quarries to enable dry working or operation as lakes with extraction below the surface.

Raw materials are brought into the processing facility by a conveyor, where they are cleaned to get rid of undesirable clay and separate the sand. Dewatered sand that has been separated during processing is heaped up.

The material is then separated into various sizes as gravel runs through a succession of screens. The gravel is processed into stockpiles of various sizes for truck transport.

Coal, manganese, and oil can be found in ocean deposits and are commonly extracted through offshore drilling or mining operations.

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Answer:

The Answer would be Coal.

Explanation:

Took the test

Taking into account the change of units, a particular forest is 4,048.58 hectares.

The rule of three is a way of solving problems of proportionality between three known values and an unknown value, establishing a relationship of proportionality between all of them.

If the relationship between the magnitudes is direct, the direct rule of three must be applied using the following formula, where a, b and c known data and x the variable to be calculated:

a ⇒ b

c ⇒ x

So: x= (c×b)÷ a

The direct rule of three is the rule applied in this case where there is a change of units.

To perform in this case the conversion of units, you must first know that 1 hectare = 2.47 acres.

So, the rule of three can be used as follow: if 2.47 acres is 1 hectare, 10,000 acres equals how many hectares?

2.47 acres ⇒ 1 hectare

10,000 acres ⇒ x

So: x= (10,000 acres ×1 hectare)÷ 2.47 acres

Solving:

x= 4,048.58 hetares

In summary, a particular forest is 4,048.58 hectares.

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