For years Pluto was known as a planet. The coldest, smallest and furthest from the sun. In recent years, Pluto's status
has changed and it is no longer a considered a planet. What evidence led to the status downgrade?
A)
The theory that Pluto is really a moon.
B)
Spacecraft discovery after landing on Pluto.
9
Findings that suggest Pluto doesn't have a solid surface.
D)
Findings that Pluto's characteristics were very similar to small icy objects
beyond Neptune.

Complete question:

You will find the pedigree in the attached files

Answer:

The correct option is C) maternal mitochondrial mutations are inherited by all of a mother's offspring.

Explanation:  

Mitochondrial inheritance is one of the ways in which a disease or a trait might be inherited from the maternal line.

Most of the DNI is located in the nucleus, but there is also DNI in mitochondria. Sperm cells hardly carry mitochondria, so mitochondrial DNI is mostly inherited from the maternal side. If there exists any mutation in this DNI, the whole progeny of the mutated woman will be affected, as they will get the mother´s mitochondria carrying the mutation. On the contrary, if there is a man affected by a disease caused by a mutation in mitochondrial DNI, non of their descendants will get the disease.

In the exposed pedigree, we can see that the mother is affected by the disease, but the couple had two daughters, and only one of them was affected, while the other one was not. This tells us that the mutation occurred on a nuclear chromosome. If the mutated allele was in mitochondria, both daughters would be affected.

The pedigree suggests that the gene is on a nuclear chromosome, and not on a mitochondrial DNA because maternal mitochondrial mutations are inherited by all of a mother's offspring (Option C).

In conclusion, the pedigree suggests that the gene is on a nuclear chromosome, and not on a mitochondrial DNA because maternal mitochondrial mutations are inherited by all of a mother's offspring (Option C).

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Answer:

A–T

T–A

T–A

C–G

A–T

G–C

G–C

C–G

T–A

A–T

Explanation:

A always pairs up with T

C always pairs up with G

In “A Structure of Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid,” Watson and Crick defined DNA as a double helix that contained long, helical strands wound together. In their model, every DNA strand contained personal devices referred to as bases, and the bases alongside one DNA strand matched the bases alongside the opposite DNA strand.

Thus it is clear that the above answer is well explained.

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Answer:

D.) If the homozygous tall plant (TT) crosses with a homozygous short plant (tt), then all the F1 plants become heterozygous tall plants (Tt).

Explanation:

Homozygous indicates that the alleles in the genotype are the same. Therefore, the genotype for homozygous tall plants is (TT) and the genotype for homozygous short plants is (tt).

After performing a cross, we know that all of the children will have the heterozygous genotype (Tt).

Answer:

I hope this helps.

Explanation:

The ability to remember a telephone number or social security number by grouping the digits into 3-3-4 or 3-2-4 is an example of chunking. hence the option Chunking  is correct.

Chunking is a cognitive process where information is organized into smaller, meaningful units to aid in memory and recall. In this case, the grouping of digits into chunks makes it easier for our brains to remember and retrieve the information when needed.
Hence, The ability to remember a telephone number by a 3-3-4 grouping of the digits or a social security number by a 3-2-4 grouping of the digits is an example of Chunking. This technique involves organizing information into smaller, more manageable units, which makes it easier to remember and process.

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Answer:

hello there

Explanation:

The law of superposition states that rock strata (layers) farthest from the ground surface are the oldest (formed first) and rock strata (layers) closest to the ground surface are the youngest (formed most recently). A fossil is the remains or traces of plants and animals that lived long ago.

Animal remains are most likely to be fossilized if their hard parts are covered by layers of sediments soon after death. With time and pressure, these sediments, such as sand, plant debris, or ash, become compressed into rock. Therefore, fossils are found in sedimentary rock, like sandstone, shale, limestone and coal.

i dont know the last one

These examples highlight the varied cellular nature of plant-like protists, showcasing the diversity and complexity within this group of organisms Plant-like protists, also known as algae, exhibit a wide range of diversity in terms of their cellular organization.  

While some algae are unicellular, consisting of a single cell, others are multicellular, forming complex structures or colonies.

Here, I will identify several examples of plant-like protists and categorize them based on their cellular nature.

Chlamydomonas: Unicellular.

Chlamydomonas is a green alga that exists as single cells and possesses two flagella, enabling it to move through water.

Spirogyra: Multicellular.

Spirogyra is a filamentous green alga consisting of a chain of cells. These cells are connected end-to-end, forming long threads.

Ulva: Multicellular.

Ulva, commonly known as sea lettuce, is a green alga that forms large, leaf-like structures.

It is composed of multiple cells organized in a flat, sheet-like arrangement.

Diatoms: Unicellular.

Diatoms are a diverse group of algae characterized by their intricate silica cell walls.

They exist as individual cells or form colonies.

Kelp: Multicellular.

Kelp refers to large brown algae that form underwater forests.

They have a complex thallus structure with differentiated tissues, including holdfasts, stipes, and blades.

Volvox: Multicellular.

Volvox is a colonial green alga composed of numerous individual cells embedded in a gelatinous matrix.

The cells work together and can exhibit coordinated movement.

Dinoflagellates: Mostly unicellular.

Dinoflagellates are a diverse group of algae, with some species being unicellular while others form colonies or chains.

Red algae (Rhodophyta): Mostly multicellular.

Red algae comprise a predominantly multicellular group, ranging from small filamentous forms to large seaweeds.

These examples highlight the varied cellular nature of plant-like protists, showcasing the diversity and complexity within this group of organisms.

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Increased blood flow to the abdominal viscera in digestive system is not a normal response to physical exercise.

Exercise helps your circulatory system function more effectively and distributes oxygen and nutrients to your tissues. Additionally, you have greater energy to complete daily tasks as your heart and lung health improves.

In humans, increased sympathetic vasoconstriction, which reduces blood flow to the visceral organs during exercise, is accompanied by an increase in sympathetic neural activity in the working muscle group.

Your internal systems start sending signals to various body parts as soon as you start exercising, instructing them to respond in various ways. Your digestive system slows down so that your heart and lungs can take precedence, and your pupils enlarge, boosting the amount of glucose that is available in your blood for energy.

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This question is incomplete; here is the complete question:

Herberto wanted to compare the gravity on the Moon to the gravity on Earth. Which statement below is correct?

The gravity on Earth is less than the gravity on the Moon.

The gravity on Earth is greater than the gravity on the Moon.

The gravity on Earth is equal to the gravity on the Moon

The gravity on Earth is the same as the gravity on the Moon.

The correct answer is The gravity on Earth is greater than the gravity on the Moon.

Explanation:

One of the factors that most affect the gravity (the force that makes objects move towards the center of a body) of planets like Earth or smaller bodies such as the moon is the mass. Indeed, if the celestial body is more massive or contains more mass the gravity force is stronger. Now, the mass of Earth is higher than the one of the moon. This makes the gravity of the moon weaker. Indeed, the gravity on Earth is 9.8 meters per square second, while the one in the moon is 1.62 metes per second, which is about 1/6th of the gravity on our planet.

He discovered a new type of medicine that could treat infections.

He discovered the 1st antibiotic (penicillin).

Answer:

12) Solution

13) 0 to 6

14)  H+(hydrogen) than OH-(Hydroxide)

15) 8-14

16) OH-(hydroxide) than H+(hydrogen)

Explanation:

During the previous year, a company ran at 80% of capacity, incurring $210,000 in fixed expenses, 70% of sales in variable costs, and $900,000 in sales. The company's operating profit is (A) $90,000.

To calculate the operating profit of the firm, we need to consider the fixed costs, variable costs, and sales.

Fixed costs are expenses that remain constant regardless of the level of production or sales. In this case, the fixed costs are given as $210,000.

Variable costs are expenses that vary with the level of production or sales. Here, variable costs are stated as 70% of sales.

Sales for the year are given as $1,000,000.

To find the operating profit, we need to subtract the total costs from the sales revenue.

Variable costs can be calculated by multiplying the sales by the variable cost percentage:

Variable Costs = 70% * $1,000,000 = $700,000

Total Costs can be obtained by summing the fixed costs and variable costs:

Total Costs = $210,000 + $700,000 = $910,000

Operating Profit can be calculated by subtracting the total costs from the sales:

Operating Profit = $1,000,000 - $910,000 = $90,000

Therefore, the operating profit for the firm is $90,000.

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The correct answer is option D.

A community in ecology is defined as populations from multiple species interacting in the same place, and their surrounding environment.

Ecology is the study of organisms, the environment and how the organisms interact with each other and their environment.

It is studied at various levels, such as;

The main goal of ecology is to improve the understanding of life processes, adaptations and habitats, interactions and biodiversity of organisms.

A community may involve different populations from different species interacting within themselves and other species in the same place, and also interacting with their surrounding environment.

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The blood vessels surrounding the brain are lined with cells that only allow very few molecules and microbes to pass through the Blood-brain barrier.

In most cases, the BBB can only be crossed by lipid-soluble (lipophilic) molecules that have a positive charge and a low molecular weight (under 400–600 Da). Carriers, receptors, and absorptive-mediated transport are just a few of the cell's endogenous transport systems that are required for the transport of other molecules.

Pathogens, solutes, and large or hydrophilic molecules can't pass through the blood–brain barrier into the cerebrospinal fluid. However, hydrophobic molecules like O2, CO2, hormones, and small non-polar molecules can.

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Answer:

H20 is not a product of combustion

The Saffir -Simpson scale measures  cosmogenous sediments.

The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale is used to predicts or measure the ( the accurate number from one to five) hurricane's strength by which speed it is coming , and mainly to get ready to face the upcoming natural clammities. The sustained wind speed of a storm defines its category. This method is used in determining the extent of probable property damage along a hurricane's course.Tropical cyclones which occurs in the northern Pacific Ocean and North Atlantic Ocean are measured by using the Saffir Simpson scale by meteorologists.

A meteorite is the solid piece of debris from which an object in deep space which can survives its passage by the atmosphere mainly to reach the surface of the planet or moon, such as ------a comet, asteroid, or meteoroid and so the meteorites are also known as cosmogenous sediments.

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fMRI is unable to determine the brain location of emotions falsely describes how fMRI works.

Functional MRI is an imaging examination performed to measure brain activity. The procedure is also often abbreviated as fMRI

fMRI will detect changes in oxygen levels and blood flow to the brain when the brain is working. Areas of the brain that are more active will use more oxygen so that blood flow increases.

This procedure is part of an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), a non-invasive imaging test performed to diagnose various medical conditions. An MRI uses magnetic fields, radio waves and computer technology to produce detailed images of the internal organs of the body. This test does not use radiation.

fMRI uses the MRI imaging method to measure changes in cerebral blood flow that occur in active brain regions.

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structural

This is because the toucan has now evolved over time. this is to reach narrow fruits with its beak. the plant has also evolved over time. this is to make sure that the plant doesnt rot.

The following statements are true: Photosynthesis takes place in plants. Plants get things they need to grow from their roots and leaves.

What happens in photosynthesis?

Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, which is the pigment that captures sunlight during photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, water is oxidized to produce oxygen, while carbon dioxide is reduced to form glucose.

Where does cellular respiration take place?

Cellular respiration takes place in both plants and animals, and it involves the breakdown of glucose through glycolysis to produce energy in the form of ATP. The process of cellular respiration consists of two steps which are glycolysis and oxidation of pyruvate. This process takes place inside the mitochondria of animal and plant cells. Sugars are broken down in the presence or absence of oxygen to produce energy. If it happens in the presence of oxygen, it is called aerobic respiration. Anaerobic respiration occurs when the process happens at low oxygen levels.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Fungi are heterotrophs and, like animals, obtain their carbon and energy from other organisms.

Answer:

Fungi are a kingdom of mostly microscopic organisms that are closely related to animals. They include spore-producing organisms such as mushrooms, yeast, and molds. Fungi are almost always invisible to the naked eye. Fungi are made up of masses of tubular filaments called hyphae that penetrate and absorb nutrients from the substrates on which fungi grow. Some fungi have extensive networks of hyphae that enable the fruiting body of the fungi to grow very large, such as many species of the shelf, or bracket, fungi

Explanation:

hope it helps-

Answer:F

Explanation: I just know

Answer:

Motor neurons are activated and the muscles of your arm contract, moving your hand away from the sharp object. This occurs in a fraction of a second — before the signal has been relayed on to the brain — so you will have pulled your arm away before even becoming conscious of the pain.

This is called a motor reflex.

Answer:

amino acid

Explanation:

they don't contain proteins, amino acids are building blocks for proteins

Answer:

The distance between the Sun and Jupiter

Explanation:

The force of gravitational attraction between the Sun and Jupiter could be increased by reducing the distance between the Sun and Jupiter.

The force of gravitation is the force of attraction between two objects that have mass. It is described by Newton's law of gravitation, which states that every particle attracts every other particle by a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

This force is what gives rise to the phenomenon of gravity, which holds planets in orbit around stars and causes objects to fall toward the ground.

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Monolithic systems have a single kernel with tightly integrated components, microkernels have minimal services in the kernel, and hybrid kernels strike a balance by incorporating some non-essential services in the kernel.

Monolithic systems, microkernels, and hybrid kernels are different approaches to designing operating systems. In a monolithic system, the entire operating system is contained within a single large kernel. This means that all services, device drivers, and system functions are tightly integrated, resulting in efficient communication but limited modularity and scalability.

Microkernels, on the other hand, follow a minimalist approach. They only include essential services in the kernel, such as process scheduling and inter-process communication, while other services run as separate user-level processes. This design promotes modularity, fault isolation, and extensibility, but communication between components can be slower due to the need for message passing.

Hybrid kernels attempt to strike a balance between the two. They incorporate some non-essential services in the kernel for performance reasons, but still provide a modular design. This compromises some of the advantages of pure microkernels but aims to achieve better performance than monolithic systems while maintaining modularity and isolation to a certain extent.

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If a chimpanzee bone marrow cell in prophase of mitosis contains 48 chromosomes, it contains a total of 96 chromatids (2 chromatids per chromosome).

Mitosis is the process by which cells divide to form two identical daughter cells. It is a fundamental process of cell division that occurs in all eukaryotic cells and is essential for the growth, repair, and reproduction of cells and tissues. In the prophase of mitosis, each chromosome consists of two identical sister chromatids that are joined together at the centromere. During mitosis, the sister chromatids will separate and move to opposite poles of the cell, forming two identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the original cell. This process ensures that each daughter cell receives an exact copy of the genetic material from the parent cell.

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What we need to remember right away is that this double is what is really bad. If you have both of those recessivlials bad, you do really bad, but if you only have one and are heterozygous, you don't get that bad. You may pass it on to your children, but you are fine, and so is each generation.

We'll see that people who have this double aren't really going to make it, but people who have only one are fine, and people who have none are also fine, and because generations are so far apart, we'll say that no, you won't really see the effects of this in your lifetime.

It will happen gradually because, while we will get rid of people with two, we will not get rid of people with one, so it can still be passed on. This can still happen, and we'll see it gradually decrease with each generation, which, as previously stated, is years apart, so you won't see any drastic effects for many years because it takes many generations.

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Population growth rate and projections would be most useful in making long-term road and infrastructure plans.

When making long-term road and infrastructure plans, a crucial variable to consider is population growth and demographics. Understanding how the population is growing and changing over time can provide insight into future demands for transportation and other infrastructure. For example, if a region is experiencing rapid population growth, it is likely that there will be increased demand for new roads, bridges, and public transportation systems.

Understanding the age structure of the population is also important, as this can influence the type of infrastructure that is needed. For example, an aging population may require more accessible transportation options, such as public transportation and pedestrian walkways. Other important variables to consider when making road and infrastructure plans include economic development, land use patterns, and environmental sustainability.

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True. The dramatic physical growth and development experienced by adolescents is less than the rate of growth experienced during infancy. During infancy, a child experiences rapid growth in both physical size and developmental milestones. This period typically includes a significant increase in height, weight, and motor skill development.

In contrast, adolescence is a time of slower growth and development, focusing more on the changes associated with puberty. While there is still an increase in height and weight during adolescence, the rate of growth is less than that of infancy. Additionally, adolescence is characterized by the maturation of secondary s-exual characteristics, cognitive development, and emotional growth.

In summary, although adolescents do undergo significant growth and development, the rate at which these changes occur is less than what is experienced during infancy.

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The statement that is true of the spindle during both mitosis and meiosis is that it always attaches to chromosomes at the kinetochore. The kinetochore is a protein structure that forms at the centromere of each chromosome and serves as the attachment site for microtubules of the spindle.

During both mitosis and meiosis, the spindle fibers attach to the kinetochores of each chromosome and exert force to align them at the metaphase plate. Then, during anaphase, the spindle fibers pull the sister chromatids (in mitosis) or homologous chromosomes (in meiosis) apart towards opposite poles of the cell.

Therefore, the spindle plays a critical role in the segregation of genetic material during cell division.
 

While the spindle plays a crucial role in separating sister chromatids and homologous chromosomes, its primary function is to attach to chromosomes at the kinetochore to facilitate these processes.

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Answer:

True

Explanation: