. ideal air at 30oc is contained in a vertical piston-cylinder assembly. the piston has a weight of 15n and a cross-sectional area of 0.12 m2 . the initial volume of air is 3.5 m3 . heat is added until the air volume becomes 6.5 m3 . assuming atmospheric pressure to be 101 kpa, find a. the final air temperature b. work done c. amount of heat added
Answers
a) The final air temperature is 422.6 K.
b) The work done by the system is 49.95 J.
c) The amount of heat added to the system is 11,651.95 J.
We can solve this problem by using the First Law of Thermodynamics, which states that the change in internal energy of a system is equal to the heat added to the system minus the work done by the system:
ΔU = Q - W
where ΔU is the change in internal energy, Q is the heat added, and W is the work done.
a) Since the process is isobaric (constant pressure), we can use the following equation to find the final air temperature
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
where P1 and T1 are the initial pressure and temperature, P2 is the atmospheric pressure, V1 and V2 are the initial and final volumes, and T2 is the final temperature.
Substituting the given values, we get:
(101 kPa)(3.5 m³)/(30 + 273 K) = (101 kPa)(6.5 m³)/T2
Solving for T2, we get:
T2 = 422.6 K
Therefore, the final air temperature is 422.6 K.
b)The work done by the system is given by
W = FΔh
where F is the force exerted by the piston, and Δh is the change in height of the piston.
Since the piston is vertical, the force exerted by the piston is equal to the weight of the piston
F = mg = (15 N)
The change in height of the piston is equal to the change in volume of the air
Δh = ΔV/A = (6.5 - 3.5) m³/0.12 m²
Substituting the given values, we get:
W = (15 N)(3.33 m)
W = 49.95 J
Therefore, the work done by the system is 49.95 J.
c) The amount of heat added to the system can be found by rearranging the First Law of Thermodynamics equation
Q = ΔU + W
where ΔU is the change in internal energy, which can be expressed as
ΔU = nCvΔT
where n is the number of moles of air, Cv is the specific heat capacity of air at constant volume, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
Assuming air to be an ideal gas and using the ideal gas law, we can calculate the number of moles of air
n = PV/RT
where R is the gas constant for air.
Substituting the given values, we get:
n = (101 kPa)(3.5 m³)/(287 J/kg.K)(30 + 273 K)
n = 4.19 moles
The specific heat capacity of air at constant volume is approximately 0.718 kJ/kg.K.
Substituting the given and calculated values, we get
ΔU = (4.19 moles)(0.718 kJ/kg.K)(422.6 - 30 K)
ΔU = 11,601 J
Therefore, the amount of heat added to the system is:
Q = ΔU + W
Q = 11,601 J + 49.95 J
Q = 11,651.95 J
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Related Questions
a light source with a frequency of 1.8 x 1015 s-1 is introduced to a metal which has a work function of 5.9 x 10-19 j. how much energy does the exiting electron have?
Answers
The exiting electron has an energy of 6.03 x 10⁻¹⁹J
The photoelectric effect is the emission of electrons while electromagnetic radiation, which includes light, hits a material. Electrons emitted in this way are referred to as photoelectrons.
In keeping with the well-known Einstein explanation of the photoelectric impact: The electricity of the photon could be sum total of electricity needed to put off the electron and kinetic energy of the emitted electron. consequently h nu= W + E.
The photoelectric effect is the manner wherein the electricity from electromagnetic radiation, together with visible light, gamma radiation or different hits an atomic electron wherein the power of the radiation is transferred in its entirety to the electron causing the electron to be ejected from the atom.
Calculation:-
KE = hv - work function
= 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ ×1.8 x 10¹⁵ - 5.9 x 10⁻¹⁹
= 11.93 x 10⁻¹⁹ - 5.9 x 10⁻¹⁹
= 6.03 x 10⁻¹⁹ J
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A ball weighted 20 Newton's rolls 20 meters in a straight line on a level surface. What is its change in potential energy?
A. 0 J
B. 1 J
C. 40 J
D. 400 J
Answers
\(\\ \rm\Rrightarrow Work\:done=Force(Distance)\)
\(\\ \rm\Rrightarrow Work\:done=20(20)=400J\)
Option D
The change in the potential energy of the ball is equal to 0J. Therefore, option (A) is correct.
What is the work?Work can be described as the energy used when a force is exerted to move an object through a specific displacement. The work done can be defined as it depends upon both the force on the object and the displacement by the object.
The displacement in a straight line in the direction of the applied force over a distance 'd'.
W= F × d
Where 'F' is the exerted force and 'd' is the displacement by the object.
The change in the potential energy or kinetic energy is equal to the work done.
The change in the potential energy = mgh₂ - mgh₁
The ball roll over the surface, h₂ = h₁
Therefore, the change in the potential energy is equal to zero.
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Jalen combines two substances in science class. Once combined, only one of the two substances
is visible. When he placed this combination into a filter, substance 1 stayed in the filter while
substance 2 went through it. Which of the following claims regarding Jalen's combination is the
most accurate?
a. This combination is not a mixture because he cannot see one of the substances.
b. The combination is a mixture because the substances can be separated.
c. The combination is not a mixture because the substances can be separated.
d. The combination is a mixture only because he cannot see one of the substances,
Answers
Answer: b. The combination is a mixture because the substances can be separated
Explanation: Based on the facts presented above, the combination of both both substances can be referred to as a mixture due to the following:
A mixture is obtained when two or more substances or materials are combined without a chemical reaction. This is observed when Jalen combined substance 1 and 2 with only one of the substances becoming visible after the combination.
The other reason is that, a mixture can be separated back into its original constituent, this is evident when the combination was filtered with only substance 2 going through the filter and substance 1 remaining in the filter
A person who takes 30 mins to bike five miles west to the store and returns home in 30mins via the same routes.
What is the average of speed and velocity?
Answers
Answer: To determine the speed of an object, you need to know the distance traveled and the Time = 4.0 seconds The speed of the cheetah in miles per hour is 63 mph 5. How far can a person run in 15 minutes if he or she runs at an average .
Explanation: I hope that was helpful !
An electron acquires 6.45x10^-16 J of kinetic energy when it is accelerated by an electric field from plate A to plate B. What is the potential difference between the plates, and which plate is at the higher potential?
Answers
The potential difference between the plates is 1.61 x 10^-19 V, and plate A is at the higher potential. It is higher than B,
The kinetic energy gained by an electron when accelerated through a potential difference can be calculated using the formula:
ΔKE = qV
Where ΔKE is the change in kinetic energy, q is the charge of the electron, and V is the potential difference. Rearranging the formula, we have:
V = ΔKE / q
Given that ΔKE = 6.45 x 10^-16 J and the charge of an electron q = 1.6 x 10^-19 C, we can substitute the values into the formula:
V = (6.45 x 10^-16 J) / (1.6 x 10^-19 C)
≈ 4.03 V
≈ 4.03 x 10^-19 V
The potential difference between the plates is approximately 4.03 x 10^-19 V. Plate A is at the higher potential since the electron gains kinetic energy when moving from plate A to plate B.
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A sound wave leaves the loudspeaker. As it travels, it experiences a temporary increase in wavelength and then returns to its original wavelength. Which of the following scenarios could explain this change in wavelength? Select the TWO that apply.
A
The sound wave traveled through a helium balloon (helium is less dense than air).
B
The sound wave traveled into the rocky ground.
C
The sound wave traveled through a glass of water.
D
The sound wave reflected off of a rock wall nearby.
E
The sound wave traveled through a person walking along the shore.
Answers
The sound wave passed through a glass of water as well as a helium balloon because helium is less thick than air.
What changes do wavelengths make to sound?Frequency is the number of full wavelengths in a certain amount of time (f). When a wavelength lengthens, its frequency and energy (E) decrease. You may conclude from these equations that the wavelength gets shorter as the frequency rises.
What happens to sound waves' energy as they depart from a loudspeaker?As described in Waves, the strength drops as it gets farther away from the speaker. Moreover, because to the viscosity of the air, the energy is absorbed by things and transformed into heat energy.
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what is the energy of a radio photon from the same station? express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units. e
Answers
The energy of the wavelength of the photon is 258 m.
Given:
f = 1160 kHz = 1160 x 10³ Hz
The velocity is c = 3 x 10⁸ m/s, the velocity of light (approximately).
The reflectance curve for a white piece of paper would reflect Long, medium and short wavelengths equally.
white piece paper serves as perfectly reflective surfaces and reflects all the incident radiations without any absorbtion or transmission. Hence a white piece of paper would reflect Long, medium and short wavelengths equally.
ultra violet rays has larger wavelength than radio waves.
As we know that the energy is inversely proportional to the wavelength.
The energy of radio waves is more than the energy of ultra violet waves.
Energy of ultra violet photons < Energy of radio waves
Wavelength of ultra violet photons > Wavelength of radio waves
Wavelength(lambda) is the distance between one peak to the next peak or one trough to another trough parallel to the direction of propagation.
Calculate the wavelength, λ.
V = f λ
V is the speed
F is the frequency
F λ is wavelength
c = fλ
λ = c/f = (3 x 10⁸ m/s)/(1160 x 10³ 1/s) = 258 m
Therefore the energy of the wavelength of the photon is 258 m.
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[NOTE: THIS QUESTION IS AN INCOMPLETE QUESTION. THE COMPLETE QUESTION IS: What is the wavelength of a radio photon from an "am" radio station that broadcasts at 1160 kilohertz? What is its energy?]
A student holds a 0.06 kg egg out a window. Just before the student releases the egg, the egg has a 8.0 J of gravitational potential energy with respect to the ground. How far is the students arm from the ground? a.) 133m b.) 13.3m c.) 0.8m d.) 0.08m
Answers
In a single-slit diffraction experiment, the width of the slit through which light passes is reduced. what happens to the width of the central bright fringe in the resulting diffraction pattern?
Answers
The width of the central bright fringe becomes wider in the resulting diffraction pattern of a single-slit diffraction experiment.
What is diffracted light?Diffraction of light is the act of bending light around corners such that it spreads out and brightens areas where a shadow is predicted. In general, it is difficult to discern between diffraction and interference because both take place concurrently. The silver lining we observe in the sky is due to light diffraction. When the sunshine breaks through or catches the cloud, a silver lining appears in the sky.
What precisely is single slit diffractive?We can investigate the phenomenon of light bending, or diffraction, in the single-slit diffraction experiment. This phenomenon permits coherent light from a source to interfere with itself and produce the diffraction pattern, a discernible pattern on the screen. Diffraction is visible when the sources are small enough to be compared to the wavelength of light.
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Could somebody pls help me out with this?
1) You serve a Volleyball with a mass of 1.6kg. the ball leaves your hand with a speed of 25m/s. the ball has________energy. Calculate it.
2) Askateboard is sitting at the top of a hill that is 26m high. the skateboard weighs 2 N. the skateboard has _____energy. Calculate it.
Answers
2) potential
From greatet to leat rank the net force on the boxe. (a) 3N,4KG,7N (b) 7N,15KG,12N (c) 5N,1KG,11N
(d) 3N,2KG,6N
Answers
Greatet to leat rank the net force on the boxe is 7N,15KG,12N.
3N,4KG,7N
net force = 3N+9.81 N *4+7N=58.24N
7N,15KG,12N
net force = 7N+15*9.81 N+12N = 227.82N
5N,1KG,11N
net force = 5N+1*9.81 N+11N = 25.81N
3N,2KG,6N
net force = 3N+2*9.81 N+6N=55.05N
The total of all forces exerted on an item is known as the net force. A mass can accelerate due to net force. A body is subject to another force whether it is at rest or in motion. When there are a lot of forces acting on a system, the phrase "net force" is employed.
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is it possible to make your lifetime displacement zero, if so where would you go?
Answers
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
Displacement is the distance from the starting point to the end point. If you live and die at the same place, you will have 0m as your displacement.
Write a hypothesis about how the number of half-lives affects the number of radioactive atoms. use the "if . . . then . . . because . . ." format and be sure to answer the lesson question: "how does the number of radioactive atoms change over time?"
Answers
Answer:
If the number of half-lives increases, then the number of radioactive atoms decreases, because about half of the atoms'nuclei decay with each half life.
. a free jet is a stream of fluid exhausted to the atmosphere (such as sketched below). the pressure of the fluid inside the free jet is usually assumed to be atmospheric pressure. however, if we do not neglect surface tension, the pressure in jet should be slightly higher than atmospheric pressure. thus, consider a free jet of water with velocity v
Answers
According to the question, the change in pressure for the jetstream is 14.54Pa.
What is pressure?The force applied perpendicularly to an object's surface expressed as a symbol (p or P) is the force divided by the area of the object's surface. The pressure when compared to the surrounding air pressure is known as gauge pressure. Pressure is expressed using a number of different units. The SI unit of pressure, the pascal (Pa), for instance, is equal to one newton per square meter (N/m²). Some of these measurements are the result of dividing a unit of force by a unit of area.
Explanation:
Given;
jet's diameter,d = 10⁻²m
temperature, t = 20°C
Surface tension acts only on the lines AB and CD.
Consider the equilibrium of forces;
∑F = 0
P₁-P₀ = 2σ/d
here surface tension σ = 0.0727 N/m
P₁-P₀ = 2×0.0727/10⁻²
= 14.54 Pascal
Hence, the change in pressure of the jetstream is 14.54 Pascal.
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Help me plz i'll mark brainliest
Answers
Answer:
a PDF is what u use to upload an assignment to turn it in to get graded
Consider a new 38 percent efficient 600.-MW power plant burning 9000. BTU/lb coal containing 1.0% sulfur. (a) If a 70.-percent-efficient scrubber is used, what would the emission rate of sulfur be in lb/hr
Answers
The emission rate of sulfur with the 70% efficient scrubber would be 11.052 lb/hr.
To calculate the emission rate of sulfur in pounds per hour (lb/hr), we need to consider the efficiency of the power plant, the sulfur content in the coal, and the efficiency of the scrubber.
Given:
Power plant efficiency: 38%
Scrubber efficiency: 70%
Coal sulfur content: 1.0%
Power plant capacity: 600 MW
Coal burn rate: 9000 BTU/lb
Step 1: Calculate the coal burn rate in pounds per hour (lb/hr)
Coal burn rate = Power plant capacity / Efficiency
Coal burn rate = 600 MW / 0.38
Coal burn rate = 1578.947 lb/hr
Step 2: Calculate the emission rate of sulfur without the scrubber
Sulfur emission rate = Coal burn rate * Sulfur content
Sulfur emission rate = 1578.947 lb/hr * 0.01
Sulfur emission rate = 15.789 lb/hr
Step 3: Calculate the emission rate of sulfur with the scrubber
Sulfur emission rate with scrubber = Sulfur emission rate * Scrubber efficiency
Sulfur emission rate with scrubber = 15.789 lb/hr * 0.70
Sulfur emission rate with scrubber = 11.052 lb/hr
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For further Reflection
# Do you find Legrain's arguments and examples compel.
ling? Could cultural exchanges such as those detailed in
Legrain's article be more complicated or problematic than
Legrain proposed? Consider how other cultural products-
perhaps those from Africa or Asia--might either uphold or
undermine Legrain's thesis on globalization
Source Philippe Legrain. "Cultural Globa ization
Answers
Answer:
Possible Answers:
How the points made can be more complicated or problematic:
The author seems to be focusing on pop culture or pastime activities.
The author isn’t taking into account economic differences between the average citizens of different nations.
All of these examples still follow the American idea of capitalism, not other economic systems.
Explanation:
pf
Which of the following statements is true about the drift velocity of electrons in a wire? Select the correct answer
a. The drift velocity measures the rate at which electrons leave the surface of the metal. b. The drift velocity is very slow, and a typically describes a microscopic displacement over a period of a second. c. The drift velocity is very fast and is directly responsible for the short light switch from across the room. d. The drift velocity measures the speed of the atomic nuclei drifting through the time required an electrical signal to reach a light bulb when you fpaAtour Answer metal e. The drift velocity measures the instantaneous speed of the electrons between the collisions they experience in the metal.
Answers
The correct answer is b. The drift velocity is very slow, and typically describes a microscopic displacement over a period of a second.
The drift velocity refers to the speed at which electrons move through a wire under the influence of an electric field. It is a very slow speed, typically only a few millimeters per second, and is the result of the collisions that electrons experience with the metal atoms in the wire.
Electric current is the flow of electrons in a conductor, such as a wire. Individual electrons do not, however, move quickly through the wire. The average speed at which electrons flow across a wire while an electric field is present is referred to as the drift velocity.
Electrons frequently interact and shift direction because of collisions with other particles in the conductor. These collisions reduce their net movement and impede their total advancement. In comparison to the speed of individual electrons, the drift velocity is on the order of millimetres per second.
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Please Help! A 200 g toy car is sliding along a frictionless track. At the top of a hill with a 0.50 m radius of curvature, the car experiences a normal force of 0.80 N. If it then descends 2.0 m to the end of the race track, what speed does it cross the finish line at?
Answers
The speed with which the car crosses the finish line is 6.26 m/s.
Speed of the ball after crossing the finish line
Apply the principle of conservation of energy and determine the speed of the ball.
K.E (bottom) = P.E (top)
¹/₂mv² = mgh
v² = 2gh
v = √2gh
where;
h is the height traveled by the carg is acceleration due to gravityv is the speed of the ball at bottom of the inclinev = √(2 x 9.8 x 2)
v = 6.26 m/s
Thus, the speed with which the car crosses the finish line is 6.26 m/s.
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a roller coaster is at the top of a 72m hill and weighs 134 kg. the coaster (at this moment) has potential energy. calculate it
Answers
Answer:
94,550.4 JExplanation:
The potential energy of a body can be found by using the formula
PE = mgh
where
m is the mass
h is the height
g is the acceleration due to gravity which is 9.8 m/s²
We have
PE = 134 × 9.8 × 72 =94,550.4
We have the final answer as
94,550.4 JHope this helps you
the light beam falls on the surface of the mirror at an angle of 50 ° and is reflected. What is the magnitude of the reflection angle of that fiber?
Answers
Answer:
The Magnitude of the angle of reflection equals that of Incidence from the Law of reflection
So its 50°.
Explanation:
how much work is done to move a 25 kg Mass 8 meters
Answers
Answer:
So, the power done is 196 watts.
Explanation:
A train travelled 3/5 of a journey in 6 hours. Then, it travelled
the remaining 300 miles in 4 hours. What was the total average
speed for the whole journey?
mph
Answers
Answer:75 mph
Explanation: Just it
Answer:
75
Explanation:
A dog chases a skateboarder travelling at 10.4\,\dfrac{\text{m}}{\text{s}}10.4 sm 10, point, 4, start fraction, start text, m, end text, divided by, start text, s, end text, end fraction. The skateboarder speeds up with a constant acceleration for 39\,\text{m}39m39, start text, m, end text over 3.3\,\text{s}3.3s3, point, 3, start text, s, end text. We want to find the acceleration of the skateboarder over the 3.3\,\text{s}3.3s3, point, 3, start text, s, end text time interval
Answers
Answer:Δx=v0t + 1/2 at 2
_______ is the energy available for a reaction to do work.Question 19 options: Heat Enthalpy Free energy Entropy
Answers
Dos resistencias de 30 y 20 Ω se conectan en seria a un generador que tiene una diferencia de potencial de 20 V entre sus bornes. a. Determina la resistencia equivalente de la asociación b. Dibuja el circuito y coloca un amperímetro que indique el valor de la intensidad de la corriente y unos voltímetros que muestren la diferencia de potencial entre los extremos de las resistencias ¿Qué valores muestran estos aparatos?
Answers
Answer:
V = 12V, V = 8V
Explanation:
a) In this series circuit the equivalent resistance is
Req - R1 + R2
Req = 30 + 20
Eeq = 50 Ω
b) see attached
c) the circuit current is
i = V / Req
i = 20/50
i = 0.4 A
voltages are>
V = 0.4 30
V = 12V
V = 0.4 20
V = 8V
1. A car travels 80 miles in 40 minutes. What is the car's speed?
Answers
Speed = 2 miles/minutes
Explanation:
Distance = 80 miles
Time = 40 minutes
Speed = ?
\(Speed = \frac{distance}{time} \\ \\ Speed = \frac{80}{40} \)
Simplify
\(Speed = 2 \: \)
there are 8 planets in the solar system
Answers
Answer:
-mercury
-Venus
-earth
-Mars
-Jupiter
-Saturn
-Uranus
-Neptune
Explanation:
these are the 8 planets in the solar system <3
The largest grand piano in the world is really grand. Built in London, it has a mass of 1,152 kg. Suppose a pianist finishes playing this piano and pushes herself from the piano so that she rolls backwards with a speed of 1.5 m/s. Meanwhile, the piano rolls forward with a constant velocity of 0.06 m/s. Assuming the stool that the pianist is sitting on has a negligible mass, what is the pianist’s mass? Round to the hundredths.
Answers
ANSWER:
46.08 kg
STEP-BY-STEP EXPLANATION:
Given
m1 = 1152 kg
v1 = 0.06 m/s
v2 = -1.5 m/s
We apply law of conservation of linear momentum:
\(\begin{gathered} P_i=P_f \\ P_i=0 \\ P_f=m_1\cdot V_1+m_2\cdot V_2 \end{gathered}\)We plug in and calculate for the mass, just like this:
\(\begin{gathered} 0_{}=m_1\cdot V_1+m_2\cdot V_2 \\ 0=1152\cdot0.06+m_2\cdot-1.5 \\ -1.5m_2=-69.12 \\ m_2=\frac{-69.12}{-1.5} \\ m_2=46.08\text{ kg} \end{gathered}\)Which means that the mass of the pianist is 46.08 kg
The fact that quasars can be detected from distances where even the biggest and most luminous galaxies cannot be seen means that Select one: A. they must be in directions where intergalactic absorption by dark matter is minimum, allowing us to see them. B. they must be intrinsically far more luminous than the brightest galaxies. C. they have not been as redshifted by their motion as have galaxies, and hence they can still be seen. D. they must be in directions where gravitational focusing by the masses of nearer galaxies makes them visible from Earth.
Answers
Answer:
B. they must be intrinsically far more luminous than the brightest galaxies.
Explanation:
Quasar is famous for being an intergalactic object which is billions of years away from the earth yet can still be seen, unlike the other star body, unlike giant galaxies.
Hence, the fact that quasars can be detected from distances where even the biggest and most luminous galaxies cannot be seen means that "they must be intrinsically far more luminous than the brightest galaxies."
This condition, including other related evidence gotten in recent years concerning our galaxy, has shown that quasars are probably the central nuclei of very distant, very active galaxies.