To obtain an electronic surveillance warrant or wiretap order, probable cause that a person is engaging in particular communications must be established by the court, and traditional investigative techniques must have already been tried. The requirement for traditional investigative techniques is often referred to as the "exhaustion of alternative means" doctrine.
Before resorting to electronic surveillance, law enforcement agencies must demonstrate to the court that they have made reasonable efforts to gather evidence through other lawful means, such as physical surveillance, informants, interviews, or search warrants. This requirement ensures that electronic surveillance is used as a last resort when other investigative methods have been exhausted or are unlikely to be effective.
The purpose of this requirement is to strike a balance between the need for effective law enforcement investigations and the protection of individuals' privacy rights. It ensures that electronic surveillance is not employed indiscriminately or without justification, but rather as a necessary measure when other avenues of investigation have proven insufficient.
By imposing the exhaustion of alternative means doctrine, the court aims to safeguard individuals' Fourth Amendment rights against unreasonable searches and seizures, while allowing law enforcement to gather crucial evidence when traditional investigative techniques have been unsuccessful or impractical.
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1. A local billiards tournament had five participants named John, Paul, George, Pete, and Ringo. Use the following information to determine the order in which each participant finished the tournament (Justify your conclusions):
a) Paul had once beaten the winner at tennis.
b) John and Pete frequently played cards together.
c) Ringo's finish ahead of Pete was totally unexpected.
d) The player who finished fourth left the tournament after his match and did not see the last two games.
e) The winner had not met the player who came in fifth prior to the day of the tournament.
f) The winner and the runner-up had never met until Ringo introduced them just before the final game.
The order in which the participants finished the tournament is as follows: Paul, George, Ringo, John, Pete. Here is the justification for each placement: a) Paul had once beaten the winner at tennis.
- Since Paul beat the winner at tennis, it can be assumed that he is the most skilled player. Hence, Paul won the tournament. b) John and Pete frequently played cards together. - Since John and Pete played cards frequently, it can be assumed that they are friends and have similar skills. Since John came fourth, Pete came last.c) Ringo's finish ahead of Pete was totally unexpected. - As per the given information, it was unexpected that Ringo would finish ahead of Pete.
However, since Pete came last, it is safe to assume that Ringo finished ahead of him.
d) The player who finished fourth left the tournament after his match and did not see the last two games.
- John finished fourth and left the tournament after his match. Hence, he did not see the last two games.e) The winner had not met the player who came in fifth prior to the day of the tournament. - Since the winner had not met the player who came in fifth, it is safe to assume that the player who came fifth was Ringo.f) The winner and the runner-up had never met until Ringo introduced them just before the final game. - As per the given information, it is clear that George is the runner-up and hence, he came second.
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How did people react when famine spread in the Ethiopia in 1983?
The Ethiopian government was unwilling to deal with the famine which had provoked universal condemnation, which is when the people agreed it was wrong by the international community.
Explanation:
"we should do development ourselves" justify the statement.
The monitoring the future study found that in 2016 approximately _____ percent of high school seniors reported having five alcoholic drinks in a row in the past two weeks.
According to the Monitoring the Future study in 2016, approximately 16 percent of high school seniors reported having five alcoholic drinks in a row in the past two weeks.
Monitoring the Future is an ongoing, nationally representative survey in the United States that examines the behaviors, attitudes, and beliefs of American youth. It focuses on substance use, including alcohol consumption, among high school students. The survey collects data from a sample of high school seniors and asks them about their alcohol consumption patterns. The question about having five alcoholic drinks in a row within the past two weeks is a measure of binge drinking, which refers to consuming a large quantity of alcohol within a short period. The finding that around 16 percent of high school seniors reported engaging in this level of binge drinking indicates a significant proportion of adolescents engaging in risky alcohol consumption behavior. Binge drinking among teenagers is a concern due to its potential health and safety consequences, including accidents, injuries, impaired judgment, and increased vulnerability to alcohol-related problems.
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Can you please help me apply Act Utilitarianism on my chart!
1) In the chart, enter the happiness number for each consequence. Do not use 10s or -10s unless it is the most extreme outcome. Death would be an example of
-10. If someone gets fired, for example, that is bad but he/she is not dead - so it would not be a -10.
Provide the happiness scale you used.
Add a row to the bottom of the chart, and add up the numbers for each option to indicate the total Net Utility for each option. Remember, if a stakeholder is more than one person (e.g., group, team, family, citizens, business) estimate how many are in the group, and multiply the happiness number by the number of persons in the group. If a stakeholder is one person, multiplication is not needed.
2) Conclusion paragraph (150 words minimum)
State the "best" option, and explain how a true Act Utilitarian would come to this conclusion. Include the Net Utility number, and explain how you determined the number. Be impartial. Avoid any bias; do not express your own personal opinion; do not use the words, "I think" or "I feel."
To apply Act Utilitarianism on the chart, we need to assign a happiness score to each consequence. For instance, reporting Mario's action to his supervisor or Peloni family could result in a short-term decrease in happiness for Mario and Anthony due to potential conflicts, but it could lead to long-term happiness for the Peloni family, other employees, and customers by maintaining the policy and ensuring fairness.
The happiness score for this option could be +4. Convincing Mario to stop giving free samples could result in short-term happiness for both Mario and Anthony, but it could potentially harm the business if the free samples were necessary to increase sales. The happiness score for this option could be +3. Ignoring Mario's action could lead to short-term happiness for both Mario and Anthony, but it could potentially harm the business and customers, resulting in a happiness score of -2. Talking to the Peloni family about the potential benefits of offering free samples could lead to long-term happiness for customers and the business, resulting in a happiness score of +5.What is Utilitarianism about?The best option for a true Act Utilitarian would be to talk to the Peloni family about the potential benefits of offering free samples. This option has the highest net utility of +5, which means that it has the highest potential for overall happiness among all stakeholders.
A true Act Utilitarian would choose this option because it maximizes overall happiness for the most number of stakeholders, including customers, employees, and the business.
Therefore, The happiness score was determined by adding up the individual happiness scores for each stakeholder group and multiplying them by the number of people in each group, where applicable. The Act Utilitarian approach is impartial and unbiased, focusing solely on maximizing overall happiness and minimizing overall harm.
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.
(05.03 MC)
Map of Europe and North Africa labeled Spread of Christianity. Dark green indicates Christian areas, 325 CE. The dark green areas are small, isolated patches surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. Light green indicates Christian areas added by 476 CE. Most of Spain, Gaul, Italy, Greece, and Asia Minor are light green. The light green extends to the European inland, and as far north as parts of Great Britain. It also extends to part of Egypt and Syria, and the North African Mediterranean coast. A grey line indicates the boundaries of the Roman Empire, 476 CE. This line extends around the Mediterranean, from North Africa in the south, beyond Jerusalem to the east, and into northern Gaul.
© 2012 The Exploration Company
Based on the map, which of these statements is true of Christianity? (4 points)
It was limited to the empire's boundaries before 325 CE.
It expanded into Asia Minor between 325 and 476 CE.
It spread to Britain, Spain, and Gaul after 476 CE.
Its spread was limited by the Mediterranean Sea.
Based on the map, the statement that is true of Christianity is: It was limited to the empire's boundaries before 325 CE.
Before 325 CE, Christianity was primarily limited to the boundaries of the Roman Empire. The map depicts this by showing small, isolated patches of dark green areas surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. These areas represent the extent of Christian influence during that period. Christianity had not yet spread significantly beyond the empire's borders. However, within the empire, the religion was gradually gaining followers and influence. It was during the fourth century CE that Christianity experienced a significant turning point with the Edict of Milan in 313 CE, which granted toleration to Christians within the empire. This marked the beginning of Christianity's transition from a persecuted minority to an accepted and eventually dominant religion throughout the Roman Empire and beyond.Hence, the correct answer is: It was limited to the empire's boundaries before 325 CE.
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please respond to each of the following seperately:1. Is it reasonable to monitor ALL activity in a healthcare facility in order to prevent or apprehend the murderer?
Monitoring ALL activity in a healthcare facility may not be the most reasonable approach. Alternative measures such as increased security, proper identification checks, and staff training on identifying potential threats may be more effective without compromising privacy and confidentiality.
Monitoring every single action and movement of individuals in a healthcare facility would require extensive surveillance measures such as cameras, audio recording, and even tracking devices. This level of monitoring could make patients and staff feel uncomfortable and violated, potentially affecting their trust and confidence in the healthcare system.
Furthermore, there are legal and ethical considerations related to privacy and confidentiality of patient information. Monitoring could inadvertently capture sensitive information, leading to breaches of confidentiality and potential legal repercussions.
Monitoring ALL activity in a healthcare facility may not be the most reasonable approach. Alternative measures such as increased security, proper identification checks, and staff training on identifying potential threats may be more effective without compromising privacy and confidentiality.
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Put the following argument into standardized form (do not supply any missing premises or missing conclusions). (b) Express the logical issue. (c) Identify the question‑begging emotive phrase used in the premise. (d) Explain in complete sentences why that phrase is question‑begging.
"Communism is an unjust political system because it requires the brutal, ruthless suppression of all but one political party."
Standardized form:
1. If a political system requires the brutal, ruthless suppression of all but one political party, then it is unjust.
2. Communism requires the brutal, ruthless suppression of all but one political party.
3. Therefore, communism is an unjust political system.
The logical issue in this argument is the generalization or assumption that all communist systems require the brutal and ruthless suppression of all but one political party. The argument presents this assumption as a premise without providing any evidence or justification for it.
C. The question-begging emotive phrase used in the premise is "brutal, ruthless suppression."
D. This phrase is question-begging because it assumes the conclusion of the argument, namely that communism is an unjust political system. By using emotionally loaded terms like "brutal" and "ruthless suppression," the argument seeks to evoke a negative emotional response and bias the reader against communism. However, without establishing the truth of the premise, which assumes that communism necessarily involves such suppression, the argument fails to provide a solid logical foundation for its conclusion. It assumes what it is trying to prove, making the argument circular and weak in terms of logical reasoning.
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The Progressive movement viewed political parties as Group of answer choices underfunded organizations. corrupt organizations. contributing to the general welfare. organizations that promoted political conflict.
Answer:
Corrupt organizations
Explanation:
The Progressive Politics
This political movement commonly about the period 1900-1920. This span the period of 3 presidencies of three US Progressive Presidents: Theodore Roosevelt (Republican), William Howard Taft (Republican), and Woodrow Wilson (Democrat).
The movement knows that the laissez-faire system was old, yet supported capitalism. It belongs in the idea of progress and that reformed institutions would replace corrupt power. They also holds the view that political parties are corrupt, undemocratic, outmoded, and inefficient.
The Progressive movement view on political parties
This movement simply and commonly holds the view that political parties are corrupt organizations, in their operations and usually hand in hand with big corporations to control and manipulate the political system for their own benefit.
how many state legislatures are controlled by republicans?
Answer:
30
Explanation:
The principle of executive privilege (protections for the president only) relates to which constitution doctrine?
Answer: Doctrine of separation of powers
Explanation:
The principle of executive privilege (protections for the president only) relates to the doctrine of separation of powers. The Supreme Court ruled it in that they are a consequence of the doctrine of separation of powers which is gotten from the supremacy of each section according to there constitutional activities
How has the nature of the relationship and power among the branches of government changed and how has the national government responded to these changes?
The federalism was the main causes of the nature of the relationship and power among the branches of government changed. The power of the national government responded to these changes.
What is government?
Government is the name given to the body that is in charge of enacting and enforcing laws. Social work, terrorism-alert citizen protection, and economic welfare work are among the primary responsibilities of government.
The government are the division of the power are the national and the state government. There are the different branches of the government. Federalism was the creation of the conflict in the different branches of the government.
Hence, the significance of the government, aforementioned.
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How do people of mountain hill and terai depends with each other? decribe with examples
Answer: Mountain hills and terais depends on each other because mountains stand tall above the terai while the terai is the land below the mountain which can also be called a valley.
Explanation:Terai is a low land region containing some hill ranges. Looking out for its coverage, it covers 17% of the total area of Nepal. The Terai (also spelled Tarai) region begins at the Indian border and includes the southernmost part of the flat, intensively farmed Gangetic Plain called the Outer Terai. Mountain hills or Hilly is a mountain region which does not generally contain snow. It is situated south of the Himal. This region begins at the Mahabharat Range (lit. Great Indian, trad. the Lesser Himalaya) where a fault system called the Main Boundary Thrust creates an escarpment 1,000 to 1,500 metres (3,000 to 5,000 ft) high, to a crest between 1,500 and 2,700 metres (5,000 and 9,000 ft). It covers 68% of the total area of Nepal.
Answer:
take i t your real ans okie.here we go and forget to do thanks.
When one person's consumption does not take away from another person's consumption of a good, that good is called a(n) ______________________________.
Answer:
The amswer is "public good".
Explanation:
A product or service which can be used by everyone at the same time, and nobody can exclude anyone, is a pure public benefit, When persons become exempt from consumption, a public good shall be exempted. It refers to the product or service to which all members of a society need access which includes police officers, national protection, and the rule of law.
Whose viewpoint does this excerpt reflect? the viewpoint of those who supported the Constitution the viewpoint of those who supported a bill of rights the viewpoint of those who supported the Anti-Federalists the viewpoint of those who supported more power for states
Answer:
A. the viewpoint of those who supported the Constitution (:
The viewpoint of those who supported the Constitution is does this excerpt reflect. Thus, option (a) is correct.
The term "Federalist" refers to people who favored the Constitution and a much more powerful national republic. Since they sought a large national, or national, government, advocates of the Constitution were known as Federalists.
As a result, the viewpoint of those who supported the Constitution is doesn't reflect. Therefore, option (a) is correct.
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Read the following passage from The First Men in the Moon . "I was incredulous that any living thing could be so flimsy. For an instant I could have believed the whole thing a dream." Which of the following choices is a synonym for the bold word incredulous ? impressed disappointed fearful unbelieving
Answer:
Im confused on why that guy has 5 stars as if he answered it correctly because the real answer would be D. Unbelieving
Explanation:
The definition is: unwilling or unable to believe something.
Good rate pls hope this helps you with the assignment.. :Dbrainliest?Unbelieving is a synonym for the bold word incredulous, it shows that the author do not believe and thinks it's filmy. Hence, option D is correct.
What is meant by incredulous?Hesitant to acknowledge or accept as true what is asserted: expressing skepticism: not being credulous. a bewildered gaze. You cannot believe what someone is saying or doing if you are staring at them with skepticism. Incredulously is a term that refers to disbelief; it is a style of looking at or speaking to someone that conveys incredulity about the situation.
Someone who is skeptical finds it difficult to accept something since it is so shocking or unexpected. He forced you to do it. She spoke with a shocked tone.
Everyone occasionally criticizes themselves, but if you do this frequently or consistently assess oneself poorly, you may be low self-esteem.
Thus, option D is correct.
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Dolphins can be awake and asleep at the same time because _____. See Concept 49.2 (Page) View Available Hint(s) Dolphins can be awake and asleep at the same time because _____. See Concept 49.2 (Page) one side of the brain can sleep while the other side maintains swimming and breathing behaviors their cerebellum never needs cortical input to guide swimming their hypothalamus coordinates swimming they lack connections between the cerebral cortices and the muscles their spinal cord controls swimming and breathing without cortical input Provide Feedback
Answer:
Dolphins can be awake and asleep at the same time because:
1. one side of the brain can sleep while the other side maintains swimming and breathing behaviors.
Explanation:
As incredible as it may sound, dolphins are indeed able to sleep with only half of their brain. The other half remains awake, but less alert then when they are awake. One of their eyes remains open, and their breathing and swimming behaviors are maintained. This is particularly helpful when predators are around or when obstacles are in their way. It also keeps them from drowning.
a woman who loves statistics but decides not to pursue mathematics in college because she has internalized the societal expectation that women are not typically good at math has undergone
A woman who love statistics but decides not to pursue mathematics due to internalized societal expectation has undergone socialization.
Socialization can simply be defined to be the process of learning in order to act in ways that are acceptable to the society.
We can see this clearly in this woman who obviously dropped her career in mathematics because it is seen generally by the society that females are poor in mathematics.
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three-year-old huang was classically conditioned to salivate to a bell that was paired with lemon juice. huang also salivates to the sound of a ringing telephone and to a doorbell, even though they were never used as conditioning stimuli. huang's salivation to the ringing telephone and to the doorbell illustrate
Huang's salivation to the ringing telephone and the doorbell, even though they were never used as conditioning stimuli, can be explained by a process called stimulus generalization.
During the classical conditioning process, Huang was conditioned to salivate in response to the bell that was paired with lemon juice. This means that the bell became the conditioned stimulus (CS) and the salivation became the conditioned response (CR).
Stimulus generalization occurs when a similar stimulus to the conditioned stimulus elicits a response similar to the conditioned response. In this case, the sound of the ringing telephone and the doorbell are similar to the conditioned stimulus (bell), so they also trigger the conditioned response (salivation).
It is important to note that the degree of generalization may vary depending on the similarity of the stimuli. For example, if the sound of the ringing telephone is very similar to the conditioned stimulus (bell), the salivation response may be stronger compared to the response to the doorbell.
In summary, Huang's salivation to the ringing telephone and the doorbell is an example of stimulus generalization, where similar stimuli to the conditioned stimulus can elicit a similar response.
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Why is gdp necessary
Answer:
The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is essential because it provides information about the size and performance of an economy. It is common practice to consider the rate of increase in real GDP as a measure of the overall health of an economy. In general, a growth in real gross domestic product (GDP) is viewed as an indication that the economy is doing well.
Explanation:
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What is the lower bound of the December 105 call if this is an European call? a 9.86 b. 0.00 c 8.25d. 9.26 e. none of the above
the answer of the question is 9.26
Imagine you are a follower of Mohammad in 632 AD. That June, he passed away without a clear leader to fill his spot. Write a 1 paragraph letter to the Islamic community explaining who should become the new Islamic leader. Use your answers in parts 1 and 2 to help you.
The Middle East and North Africa have been at the forefront of political and cultural conflict over the last 1500 years. In this discussion, choose a topic (Language/Ethnicity, Religion, Oil, Water, or something else from Chapter 6) and provide a brief summary of the problem in your opinion, and expand by including potential solutions or ways to manage the problem you summarized.
The problem of religious conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa can be managed through interfaith dialogue and understanding, as well as investing in education and promoting religious literacy.
The topic I have chosen from Chapter 6 is "Religion" in the context of the Middle East and North Africa. In my opinion, the problem is the deep-seated religious tensions and conflicts that have plagued the region for centuries. This includes conflicts between different sects within Islam, such as Sunni and Shia, as well as conflicts between different religions, like Islam, Christianity, and Judaism.
To manage this problem, one potential solution is promoting interfaith dialogue and understanding. This can be achieved through initiatives that bring together religious leaders, scholars, and practitioners from different faiths to engage in respectful and constructive conversations. By fostering mutual respect and understanding, it becomes possible to reduce the likelihood of conflict and promote peaceful coexistence.
Additionally, investing in education and promoting religious literacy can also help manage the problem. By providing accurate and unbiased information about different religious beliefs and practices, individuals can develop a more nuanced understanding of other faiths, leading to greater tolerance and acceptance. It is important to note that this is a complex issue with no easy solutions, and efforts to manage religious conflicts must also consider other factors such as political, economic, and social dynamics in the region.
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PLEASE HELP ME!! I HAVE 24 HOURS
In 1821, Mexico granted independence, which included present-day Texas.
How to explain the information1823: Stephen F. Austin led 300 American families to Texas. The Americans expected to become Mexican citizens and agreed to certain conditions, such as no slavery.
1833: Stephen F. Austin went to Mexico City but was thrown in jail.
1835-1836: Texas experienced attacks during this period.
May 14, 1836: Santa Anna, the Mexican president, recognized Texan independence.
Tejano People: Spanish-speaking settlers in Texas who supported the Texas Revolution and independence. They hoped for more control over their affairs and fought alongside Houston's troops against Mexico. However, after Texas won independence, Tejanos found themselves excluded from the new Texas government. The Americans who moved to Texas did not differentiate between Tejanos and Mexicans.
Annexation: Most Texan-Americans wanted Texas to be annexed by the United States. They feared being recaptured by the Mexican government and desired to become a state that would allow slavery.
Andrew Jackson: During this period, Andrew Jackson was the President of the United States. However, he did not take action on the annexation of Texas as he didn't want to deal with the potential political controversy arising from adding more slave states to the Union.
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Which expense makes up the biggest part of the state's budget? Which expense makes up one of the smallest parts of the budget? How much money from the budget was spent on public safety in 2011? How much money from the budget was spent on human services in 2011?
Answer:
1) Education costs
2) transportation costs
3) 8 percent
4) 19 percent
Explanation:
It is CORRECT.
Answer:
Education costs
transportation costs
8 percent
19 percent
Explanation:
i want you to pick out two of the five items i mentioned on the last slide (a b c d or e). for each item, tell me why a quasi-experimental design is needed given that situation. describe a brief research study for each to justify a quasi-experimental (rather than experimental) design
Like experimental designs, quasi-experimental research methodologies investigate causal hypotheses. Random assignment is by definition absent from a quasi-experimental approach. In terms of baseline (pre-intervention) characteristics, quasi-experimental designs choose a comparison group that is as comparable as feasible to the treatment group.
They can resemble an experiment and offer a high level of evidence without randomization are two advantages of quasi-experiments. You can choose from a variety of designs and modify them according to your context. When participants cannot be randomly assigned for practical or ethical reasons, they may be used instead.
Participants are randomly allocated to the treatment (product users) and control (product non-users) groups in an experimental research study. Participants are not assigned at random to treatment or control groups in quasi-experimental study designs.
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who helped black owned businesses get city contracts
Answer:
The Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA)
Explanation: The Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA) has helped many Black-owned businesses throughout the years by competing for contracts, and making products export-ready! Hope this helps!
you have recieved your commander's traning guidance. what must you do to determine what tasks what you must train?
To determine the tasks that you must train, you should carefully review your commander's training guidance.
Start by analyzing the document and identifying any specific tasks or areas of focus that are mentioned. Pay attention to any instructions, priorities, or objectives outlined in the guidance. Look for keywords or phrases that indicate the tasks that you are expected to train on. Once you have identified these tasks, you should prioritize them based on their importance and relevance to your role or mission. Consider factors such as time constraints, available resources, and the overall training objectives. It is crucial to ensure that you understand the expectations set forth by your commander and align your training efforts accordingly. By following your commander's training guidance and determining the tasks that you must train, you can effectively prioritize and plan your training activities.
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The CIA investigated hypnosis as a possible tool for interrogating prisoners. Why did they decide it was unsuitable for that purpose? A. Hypnosis is completely effective, it just takes too long to entrance the subject. B. Hypnosis requires a trusting relationship between the hypnotist and subject. C. Hypnosis breaks the spirit of the subject, making them unable to answer questions. D. Hypnosis can make the subjects talk, but they talk only about their childhoods. Please select the best answer from the choices provided A B C D
The CIA investigated hypnosis as a possible tool for interrogating prisoners, because hypnosis requires a trusting relationship between the hypnotist and the subject. Therefore, the best answer is B.
Hypnosis is a state of altered consciousness in which an individual becomes highly focused and responsive to suggestions, typically given by a trained hypnotherapist.
During hypnosis, the hypnotherapist may use a variety of techniques to induce a trance-like state, such as guided imagery, progressive relaxation, or direct suggestion.
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What is the printing press? Who invented it?
Goldsmith and inventor Johannes Gutenberg was a political exile from Mainz, Germany when he began experimenting with printing in Strasbourg, France in 1440. He returned to Mainz several years later and by 1450, had a printing machine perfected and ready to use commercially: The Gutenberg press.
Explanation:
The printing press is a device that allows for the mass production of uniform printed matter, mainly text in the form of books, pamphlets and newspapers.
inventor Johannes Gutenberg
Gutenberg invented the printing press
Its a press that you can press on paper and it pringts something out. it also made it a lot more acessible and easier to read books.