What do many of the regulators of complement activation (rcas) that ensure c3b is deposited on the surface of pathogens and not on the surfaces of healthy host cells and tissues contain?

The central idea of the article about ocean currents is that ocean currents play an important role in regulating the climate of Earth by changes in weather patterns.

Thus, the article explains that ocean currents are due to combination of factors, including wind, temperature, and salinity that they have significant impacts on weather patterns, marine ecosystems, and even human societies.

The article notes that the Gulf Stream, a powerful ocean current that carries warm water from the tropics to the North Atlantic and also describes how changes in ocean currents has affected the distribution of fish populations resulting in the change of the shifts in weather patterns.

Learn more about ocean currents here:

https://brainly.com/question/21654036

#SPJ1

Answer:

That's true

Explanation:

But remember. What is produced actually is not a protein. It is a petide chain which is the first structure of protein.

When the peptide chain reaches its fourth structure ،it csn have its function in body.

Thats a complete protein.

Hope it helps.

Answer:

The correct answer is c angiogenesis.

Explanation:

Blood vessels are an important component of the tumor stroma and therefore angiogenesis is a predictor of prognosis in many human neoplasms and so much so that it is considered that there is an important correlation between the number and density of blood vessels with the metastatic states, tumor size, histological type, and consequently degree of tumor malignancy. Angiogenesis is an essential process for progressive tumor growth and the ability to metastasize. New capillaries are formed in response to angiogenic substances secreted by tumor cells, as well as normal tissue infiltrating the tumor (such as fibroblasts and macrophages). Carrying out tumor growth requires new vessels and identification of factors that mediate tumor growth. Angiogenesis allows us to understand this pathological process and the diagnosis of the essential stage of tumor differentiation and organization.

Answer:

The term that describes the relationship in which one organism lives inside the other one is endosymbiosis.

Explanation:

An ichnofossil is any part of the hard skeleton left behind by a vertebrate in the fossil record. This statement is false. An ichnofossil is a trace fossil, which is any indirect evidence of past life, such as tracks, burrows, and feces. It is not part of the hard skeleton left behind by a vertebrate.

Cladograms are scientific hypotheses that can be overturned by new data. This statement is true. Cladograms are diagrams that show the evolutionary relationship between organisms based on various traits. New data can cause changes to be made to cladograms which can result in a change to the interpretation of the evolutionary history of organisms.

Angiosperm plants did not appear until after the extinction of the dinosaurs. This statement is false. Angiosperms, also known as flowering plants, appeared in the fossil record at least 140 million years ago. Although the dinosaurs went extinct around 66 million years ago, angiosperms were already widespread and diversifying by that time.

The definition of an analogous character is "a character that has a similar function to a character in a different organism, but these similarities are due to different evolutionary origins". This statement is true. Analogous characters are traits that have evolved independently in different groups of organisms due to similar environmental pressures and not due to a shared ancestor.

In evolution, non-genetic changes that occur during an organism's life span, such as increases in muscle mass due to exercise and diet, cannot be passed on to the next generation. This statement is true. Non-genetic changes that occur during an organism's life span are not heritable and cannot be passed on to the next generation. Only genetic changes that occur in the germ cells, such as mutations, can be passed on to the offspring.

The definition of a monophyletic group is "a group of organisms that has a single ancestor and contains only some of the descendants of this unique ancestor". This statement is false. A monophyletic group is a group of organisms that has a single ancestor and contains all of the descendants of this unique ancestor. This group is also called a clade.

Learn more about Cladograms:

https://brainly.com/question/27405768

#SPJ11

Answer:

Religion, philosophy, and science have all wrestled with this question. One of the oldest explanations was the theory of spontaneous generation, which can be

Explanation:

The mammalian tail and the human coccyx, the leaves of pitcher plants and cacti, are homologous organs while, the flippers of penguins and dolphins, as well as the shells of turtles and crabs are analogous structures.

Homologous organs are those that are similar in structure but operate differently. They resulted from divergent evolution.

Divergent evolution occurs when species are closely connected to the same ancestors but develop similar structures that perform different tasks in different environments.

Analogous Organs are organs from various creatures that, despite their appearance, perform the same function.

In the given case, the mammalian tail and coccyx, as well as the leaves of pitcher plants and cacti, are homologous organs, whereas penguin and dolphin flippers, as well as turtle and crab shells, are analogous structures.

Thus, these are the different instances of homologous and analogous organs.

For more details regarding homologous structures, visit:

https://brainly.com/question/1274613

#SPJ1

The shown butterfly in the diagram is - Papilio polyxenes.

Butterflies usually are identified by the colors and patterns on their wings. To identify an organism using a dichotomous key, compare the organism’s traits to the first pair of descriptive statements on the key.

The points on the hindwings identify the butterfly as

1. Hindwings rounded ………………… Goto 3

2. Wings mainly yellow …………… Papilio glaucus

Wings mainly black ………….. Papilio polyxenes

3. Wings orange with black piping…Danaus plexippus

Wings yellow with black edges….. Colias philodice

Thus, the shown butterfly in the diagram is - Papilio polyxenes.

Learn more:

https://brainly.com/question/2235448

The primary functions of whales include feeding, reproduction, communication, and migration.

Whales are primarily filter feeders or predators, depending on the species.

Filter-feeding whales, such as baleen whales, have baleen plates in their mouths that allow them to filter out small prey, such as krill or small fish, from large volumes of water.

Predatory whales, such as toothed whales, hunt and feed on various marine organisms, including fish, squid, and marine mammals.

Reproduction is another important function for whales. Most whale species have a gestation period of several months, with females giving birth to a single calf.

The calves are nursed with milk from their mothers and rely on their care for a period of time until they become independent.

Communication is vital for whales, as they rely on vocalizations to communicate with other members of their pod.

Whales produce a variety of sounds, including songs, clicks, and whistles, which serve purposes such as mating, social interactions, and navigation.

Migration is a common behavior observed in many whale species. Whales undertake long-distance migrations, often covering thousands of kilometers, to reach feeding grounds in nutrient-rich waters or to reproduce in specific breeding areas.

These migrations are driven by seasonal changes in food availability and environmental conditions.

In summary, the primary functions of whales encompass feeding, reproduction, communication, and migration, all of which are essential for their survival and successful adaptation to their marine environments.

For more such answers on whales

https://brainly.com/question/28623065

#SPJ8

Propane (C₃H₈) is a saturated hydrocarbon that contains no double bonds between its carbons. It's a linear molecule with three carbon atoms in a row, each of which has two hydrogen atoms attached to it. Propane cannot form isomers because it does not have a unique arrangement of atoms.

Isomers are molecules that have the same chemical formula but different structures. For example, the isomers of C₄H₁₀ are n-butane and isobutane, which have different arrangements of their carbon atoms and therefore different physical and chemical properties. To be an isomer, a molecule must have a unique arrangement of its atoms that differs from other molecules with the same chemical formula.In summary, propane cannot form isomers because it is a linear molecule with no unique arrangement of atoms.

To know more about hydrocarbon visit-

https://brainly.com/question/32019496

#SPJ11

Answer:

where is the photo, arrow?

The type of selection that favors an average phenotype within a population is stabilizing selection. Stabilizing selection favors the average phenotype within a population, maintaining a stable gene pool and reducing variation.

Stabilizing selection is a type of natural selection that acts to maintain an average or intermediate phenotype in a population by favoring individuals with this trait. This type of selection reduces genetic variation and maintains the status quo of the gene pool, as extreme phenotypes are less likely to survive and reproduce.

Stabilizing selection can occur in environments where the average phenotype provides the highest fitness and is well-adapted to the conditions. This type of selection helps to maintain the balance within a population and ensures that the species can continue to thrive under consistent environmental pressures.

Learn more about stabilizing selection here:

https://brainly.com/question/29788950

#SPJ11

Answer:

Lithosphere: heat varies

Crust: density of 2.2, 1000°C at the base

Mantle: density of 7.8, 3500°C at the base

Outer core: density of 9.9, 5,000°C at the base

Inner core: density of 13.1, about 5000°C

Explanation:

Hope this helps!

Answer: Active Transport

Explanation: Active transport is the movement of a substance (proteins, enzymes, etc.) from one area of the cell membrane to the next during diffusion, so this would most be affected due to the kinds of substances being transported across the cell membrane and damage can have an impact.

Carrier proteins are involved in active transport. The movement of particles that would be most affected by a disorder that causes damage to carrier proteins is active transport. Option C.

Carrier proteins are transmembrane molecules involved in active transport.

They carry molecules from one side of the membrane to the other side.

Active transport acts against the electrochemical gradient, so it does need the energy to transport substances.

It carries molecules from a low concentration side to a high concentration side.

The used energy comes from ATP (Na-K bomb) or the membrane's electric potential.

The movement of particles that would be most affected by a disorder that causes damage to carrier proteins is active transport. Option C.

You will learn more about active transport at

https://brainly.com/question/2503897

https://brainly.com/question/19098496

Answer:

B. They reproduce asexually.

Explanation:

Asexual reproduction often known as abiogenetic multiplication requires just one parent organism and results in hereditary identical progeny (similar to a new copy). Since there is no blending of genetic data required and organisms don't have to invest energy finding a mate, populaces can increment quickly because of asexual generation. Thus, with the guide of asexual generation, the energy needed in the process associated with multiplication and nurturing is diminished contrasted with sexual reproduction.

Answer:

- 50% probability if Jessica has genotype "iAi"

- 0% probability if Jessica has genotype "iAiA"

Explanation:

Blood group in humans is controlled by multiple alleles namely; iA, iB and i. iA and iB are codominant but both dominant over i. The following blood types and their respective genotypes are possible;

- Type A: iAiA or iAi

- Type B: iBiB or iBi

- Type AB: iAiB

- Type O: ii

According to this question, Jessica is blood type A (iAiA or iAi) and her husband Graham is blood type O (ii).

- If Jessica has a genotype iAi, the probability that they will give birth to a child with blood type O (ii) is 50% (see punnet square)

- If Jessica has a genotype iAiA, the probability that they will give birth to a child with blood type O (ii) is 0% (see punnet square).

Answer:

Increased heart rate, during strenuous exercise, helps to regulate the oxygen reaching the tissues.

Explanation:

Physical exercise implies an increased effort of the muscles, increasing the energetic demand and the substrate to produce more energy.

Both glucose and oxygen are needed by the muscle tissue during physical exercise, so the increased heart rate ensures the supply of oxygen to that tissue.

Therefore, an increase in heart rate contributes to the regulation of oxygen, whose requirements by the muscles increase with exercise.

Other options are not correct because:

    A and C. Water and ammonia regulation is done at the renal level.

    D. Regulation of temperature depends on the thermoregulatory center of the nervous system.

Only when distinct alleles are rearrange during crossing over can it result in genetic variety.

The recombinant chromosomes will be genetically comparable to the parental chromosomes if the maternal and paternal chromatid segments that undergo crossing over are genetically similar and have the same two alleles for every gene.

Meiosis is a type of cell division that results in the production of four gamete cells and a 50% decrease in the number of chromosome in the parent cell. To develop sperm and egg cells for procreation, this process is necessary.

Meiosis is only found in the germ cells of eukaryotic plants and animals, where it is essential for sexual reproduction. While germ cells go through mitosis to produce gamete, somatic cells go thru mitosis to reproduce (the sperm and the egg).

To know  more about Meiosis visit:

https://brainly.com/question/11622266

#SPJ4

A 22-year-old was recently diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). CD4+ T-helper lab finding would be expected to accompany this virus.

The best chance for vaccination protection is provided by CD4+ T cells, which are essential for preventing Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. However, little is known about the characteristics of Mtb-specific CD4 T cells that mediate control, and the absence of correlates of protection makes it extremely difficult to develop new, rational vaccines and therapeutic alternatives—both of which are urgently needed. In this article, we discuss the properties of protective CD4 T cells, including recent evidence for IFN-dependent and independent mechanisms of protection, the inadequate protection of terminally differentiated cells, and the importance of T cell migratory capacity for the treatment of Mtb infection. The leading infectious disease-related cause of illness and death among individuals around the world is tuberculosis (TB). According to estimates, Mycobacterium TB (Mtb), which is thought to impact one-third of the world's population, causes 8.7 million new cases of the disease and 1.4 million fatalities per year. Drug-resistant TB strains are becoming more prevalent; in some regions, their frequency peaked in 2011 at 19%.

To know more about CD4+ T please refer: https://brainly.com/question/29505427

#SPJ4

Answer:

yes

Explanation:

correct

Answer:

Asexual reproduction

Explanation:

It is Asexual reproduction. Because of miosis and mitosis, the bone can heal by itself after a few weeks.

Answer:

The lytic cycle involves the reproduction of viruses using a host cell to manufacture more viruses; the viruses then burst out of the cell. The lysogenic cycle involves the incorporation of the viral genome into the host cell genome, infecting it from within.

Explanation:

Answer:

Given that stores of precious muscle glycogen are limited, it’s natural to ask whether ingesting rapidly absorbed carbohydrate during exercise (eg drinks, gels and energy bars) can help offset the effects of muscle glycogen depletion – by providing working muscles with another source of glucose (the building blocks of glycogen).

Explanation:

a. The allele frequencies are 0.295 for allele A and 0.205 for allele a.

b. The expected genotype frequencies are 0.0864 for genotype AA, 0.1225 for genotype Aa, and 0.0420 for genotype aa. The chi-square statistic is 0.605, which is not significant.

a) The allele frequencies can be calculated as follows:

Allele A: (0.15 + 0.44) / 2 = 0.295

Allele a: (0.41) / 2 = 0.205

b) The expected genotype frequencies under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can be calculated as follows:

Genotype AA: (0.295)² = 0.0864

Genotype Aa: 2 × (0.295) × (0.205) = 0.1225

Genotype aa: (0.205)² = 0.0420

The chi-square statistic is calculated as follows:

Chi-square statistic: (observed - expected)² / expected

The chi-square statistic for this example is 0.605. The critical value for chi-square with 2 degrees of freedom is 5.991.

Since the chi-square statistic is less than the critical value, it cannot be rejected that the null hypothesis of the observed and expected genotype frequencies are not significantly different.

The allele frequencies in the next generation will be the same as the allele frequencies in the current generation, because the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

Find out more on genotype frequencies here: https://brainly.com/question/30502929

#SPJ4

Answer: The energy system is related to the global system by getting an information system by it. The global system is developed and it's the major system that delivers the whole of measurable data worldwide including local energy system which is essentially designed to supply energy services

Answer:

A. A dog growing a winter coat

Explanation:

Animal Responses to External Stimuli

Animals must react to changes in their external environment to survive. If a reaction is immediate and involuntary, the response is called a reflex reaction. Blinking the eyes in response to sunlight is an example of a reflex reaction.

Hemoglobin: The high iron-containing protein in red blood cells (RBCs) is known as hemoglobin. This gives the blood a red color.

It has two main functions: it carries oxygen from the lungs to tissues of the body, and it carries carbon dioxide from cells back to the lungs for excretion.

Functions of hemoglobin:

Consequences of hemoglobin deficiency:

Hemoglobin deficiency reduces the blood's oxygen-carrying capacity.

To know more about Hemoglobin:

https://brainly.com/question/29380989

Bioluminescence is the production and emission of light by living organisms. It occurs when a chemical reaction takes place within specialized cells called photophores. The purpose of bioluminescence varies among organisms and can include communication, attracting prey or mates, or defense against predators.

In the context of the events in Finding Nemo, where bioluminescent anglerfish are depicted, bioluminescence can be considered an effective adaptation. The anglerfish use their bioluminescent lure to attract prey in the dark depths of the ocean. This adaptation helps them attract food and increases their chances of survival in their environment.

Bioluminescence is a phenomenon exhibited by certain organisms, where they produce and emit light. It is achieved through a chemical reaction involving a light-emitting molecule called luciferin and an enzyme called luciferase. When luciferin reacts with oxygen in the presence of luciferase, it releases energy in the form of light.

The purpose of bioluminescence varies among different organisms. Some species use it for communication, attracting mates, or warding off predators. It can also serve as a defense mechanism by startling or distracting predators. Additionally, bioluminescence can aid in camouflage or luring prey in the dark depths of the ocean.

In the context of the events in Finding Nemo, bioluminescence is portrayed as an effective adaptation. In the movie, the anglerfish exhibits bioluminescence to lure and capture its prey.

This adaptation allows the anglerfish to attract unsuspecting prey in the dark ocean depths. However, it is important to note that the effectiveness of bioluminescence as an adaptation can vary depending on the specific species and its ecological context.

Some organisms may rely on bioluminescence more effectively than others to survive and thrive in their respective environments.

For more such answers on bioluminescence

https://brainly.com/question/16900161

#SPJ8