What was one consequence of the protestant reformation?
spain and portugal became protestant states.
common people embraced the idea that they could question decisions by rulers that did not align with the bible.
the roman catholic church spread its influence into the new world.
the roman catholic church did away with all sacraments except the lord's supper and baptism.

Using the half-life of Am-241, its molar mass and the mass of the sample, we can calculate that it will release 3.57 x 10¹¹ α-particles each second.

Am-241 has a half-life of 432 years, therefore in that time, we will have half of the initial amount, which is:

3.89 g / 2 = 1.945 g

The number of moles (n) in 1.945 g may be calculated using the molar mass of Am-241 (241 g/mol):

n = m/M = 1.945 g / 241 g/mol = 8.07 x 10⁻³ mol

We will emit the following over a period of 432 years because each mol contains 6.022 x10²³ particles:

8.07 x10⁻³ x6.022 x10²³ = 4.86 x10² α-particles

We can now determine how many seconds there are in 432 years:

432 yearsx 365.25 days x24 hours x 60 minutes x 60 seconds = 1.36 x 10¹⁰ seconds

As a result, the Am-241 sample will release once every second:

4.86 x10²¹ / 1.36 x 10¹⁰ = 3.57 x 10¹¹ α-particles

Your question is incomplete but most probably your full question was

Americium-241 is widely used in smoke detectors. the radiation released by this element ionizes particles that are then detected by a charged-particle collector. the half-life of 241am is 432 years, and it decays by emitting alpha particles. how many alpha particles are emitted each second by a 3.89-g sample of 241am?

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Answer: 5 moles of NaF would be produced when 550 grams of Sodium bromide are used.

Explanation:

From the question, the balanced chemical formula is illustrated below:

2NaBr + CaF2 → 2NaF + CaBr2

From the equation above;

Molecular mass of NaBr = 23 + 80 = 103g/ mol

Molecular mass of CaF2= 40+ (19×2)= 78g/ mol

Molecular mass of NaF = 23+19 = 42g/ mol

From the balanced chemical equation;

2 moles of NaBr reacted with 1mole of CaF to give 2 moles of NaF.

That is, 2 moles of NaBr= 2× 103 = 206g

2moles of NaF = 2×42= 84g

If 206g of NaBr yielded 84g of NaF

Therefore 550g of NaBr will yield Xg of NaF

X= 550×84/206

X= 224.27g of NaF

But 42g = 1 mole of NaF

Therefore 224.27g = X mole of NaF

X= 224.27 ×1/42

X is approximately 5moles.

The molar concentration of a 243.3 ml aqueous solution prepared with 78.9 g of sugar is 0.945 M

Concentration is the abundance of a constituent divided by way of the overall volume of an aggregate. several sorts of mathematical descriptions may be outstanding: mass concentration, molar concentration, variety concentration, and extent awareness.

calculation:-

Given,

molar mass = 342.30

mass = 78.9 g

mole = mass/ molar mass

         =  78.9 g / 342.30

        = 0.23

Volume = 243.3 ml = 0.2433 L

Concentration = mole/volume      

                        = 0.23 / 0.2433    

                           = 0.945 M

The concentration of a substance is the quantity of solute found in a given amount of solution. Concentrations are normally expressed in terms of molarity, defined because of the variety of moles of solute in 1 L of solution.

The Concentration of an answer is a measure of the quantity of solute that has been dissolved in a given amount of solvent or answer. A concentrated answer is one that has a rather huge quantity of dissolved solute.

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The valence-shell configuration of the metallic element M in Period 4 is 4s2 4p6.

What is the valence-shell configuration of the metallic element M in Period 4?

The valence-shell configuration refers to the arrangement of electrons in the outermost shell, or valence shell, of an atom. In Period 4, the valence shell of the metallic element M would be the fourth shell, denoted as the 4s and 4p orbitals.

The electron configuration of an element is determined by the position of the element in the periodic table. Since M is in Period 4, we know that it has four electron shells. The valence electrons are those located in the outermost shell, which determine the element's chemical properties and reactivity.

In this case, the valence-shell configuration of M is given as 4s2 4p6, indicating that there are two electrons in the 4s orbital and six electrons in the 4p orbitals. The total number of valence electrons can be calculated as the sum of the electrons in the valence orbitals, which in this case is 8.

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If 0.135 moles are added to the balloon, its new volume would be 2.997 L.

The optimal petrol law can be used to resolve this issue:

PV = nRT

where R is the gas constant, n is the number of moles, P is the pressure, V is the volume, and T is the temperature.

We may link the original and final volumes using the equation below, assuming constants for pressure and temperature:

(V1 / n1) = (V2 / n2)

If V1 is the starting volume, n1 is the starting mole count, V2 is the ending volume, and n2 is the ending mole count.

We may first determine the initial molar volume of the gas using the provided values:

V1/n1=7.28 L/0.38 mol = 22.195 L/mol

The final volume can then be determined using the molar volume:

0.135 mol x 22.195 L/mol = 2.997 L is what V2 = n2 x (V1 / n1) equals.

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Answer:

B - To increase the rate of the reaction

Explanation:

Catalysts speed up the reaction without being reactants or products, so aren't used up in the reaction.

The concentration of CO (g) in the equilibrium mixture is 0.020 M. In other words, only a small amount of CO (g) is produced in this reaction at 1000°C. T 0.020 M.

The concentration of CO in an equilibrium mixture (in mol/L) is 5.8 M.

Given that the concentration of H2O (g) is [H2O] = 0.500 M at 1000°C, and  the reaction is:

C(s) + H2O(g) ⇄ CO(g) + H2(g) KC = 0.2 at 1000°C

We need to determine the concentration of CO in an equilibrium mixture (in mol/L)

if a reaction mixture initially contains only reactants.

We can solve this problem using the ICE table method as follows:

Let x be the change in concentration of H2O (g) and CO (g) when they reach equilibrium.

Then the equilibrium concentrations of CO (g) and H2 (g) are equal to x. Hence, the equilibrium concentration of H2O (g) is (0.500 - x) M. Substitute these values in the expression for Kc and solve for x.

Kc = [CO (g)] [H2 (g)] / [H2O (g)] [C (s)]

= 0.2[CO (g)] = Kc [H2O (g)] [C (s)] / [H2 (g)]

= 0.2 × (0.500 - x) / x

We can simplify this expression by cross-multiplication to get:

5x = 0.1 - 0.2xx = 0.02 M

Substituting x = 0.02 M in the expression for [CO (g)], we get:

[CO (g)] = 0.2 × (0.500 - 0.02) / 0.02 = 5.8 M (approx.)

Therefore, the concentration of CO (g) in an equilibrium mixture (in mol/L) is 5.8 M.                                                                                               The problem requires us to find the equilibrium concentration of CO (g) in a mixture that initially contains only reactants.

To solve this problem, we need to use the expression for the equilibrium constant Kc, which is given by:

Kc = [CO (g)] [H2 (g)] / [H2O (g)] [C (s)]

We can also use the ICE table method to solve this problem. In this method, we start with the initial concentration of the reactants and calculate the change in concentration of each species as they reach equilibrium.

We then use the equilibrium concentrations to calculate the value of Kc and solve for the unknowns. Here is how we can set up the ICE table for this problem: Reaction:

C(s) + H2O(g) ⇄ CO(g) + H2(g)

Initial: [C] = [H2]

= 0 M,

[H2O] = 0.500 M

Equilibrium: [C] = [H2] = x,

[H2O] = 0.500 - x,

[CO] = [H2] = x

Change: +x +x -x -x

Substituting the equilibrium concentrations into the expression for Kc, we get:

Kc = [CO] [H2] / [H2O] [C]

= x² / (0.500 - x)

= 0.2

Solving for x, we get: x = 0.020 M

Substituting this value of x into the expression for [CO], we get:

[CO] = x = 0.020 M

Therefore, the concentration of CO (g) in the equilibrium mixture is 0.020 M.

In other words, only a small amount of CO (g) is produced in this reaction at 1000°C. T 0.020 M.

The concentration of CO in an equilibrium mixture (in mol/L) is 5.8 M.

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Explanation:

35- this is the answer in 2s.f

When rounding a number to two significant figures, we consider the first two most significant digits from the left. In this case, the number is 3456.5. 3456.5 rounded to two significant figures is 3500.

Rounding numbers is a common mathematical process used to simplify or approximate values to a desired level of precision. It involves adjusting a number to a specific decimal place or significant figure.

To round 3456.5 to two significant figures, we look at the first two digits: 34.

The next digit after the second significant digit is 5. Since 5 is greater than or equal to 5, we round up the last significant digit.

Therefore, rounding 3456.5 to two significant figures gives us:

3500

So, 3456.5 rounded to two significant figures is 3500.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Here, we want to get the value of the oxidation number of Z

Generally, hydrogen has an oxidation number of +1, while oxygen has an oxidation number of -2

The total oxidation number is zero

Thus:

ANSWER

EXPLANATION

Given that

The number of moles lithium bromide is 5.5 moles

Firstly, write a balanced equation for the reaction

Find the number of moles of bromine using stoichiometry ratio

Let x represents the number of bromine

Mg2+ is present at a moderate level in the soil sample, as its concentration is 0.922 g/kg.

To classify the analytes based on their level in the soil sample, we need to calculate their concentrations.

Concentration of Ca2+ = (mass of Ca2+ / mass of soil sample) * (10^6)

= (0.0625 mg / 2.65 g) * (10^6)

= 23.58 mg/kg

Concentration of Mg2+ = (mass of Mg2+ / mass of soil sample)

= 2.45 * 10^-3 g / 2.65 g

= 0.922 g/kg

Based on their concentrations, we can classify the analytes as follows:

Ca2+ is present at a low level in the soil sample, as its concentration is only 23.58 mg/kg.

A soil sample is a small portion of soil that is collected from a particular area for the purpose of analysis. Soil samples are analyzed to determine various characteristics of the soil, such as its nutrient content, pH, texture, organic matter content, and the presence of contaminants. Soil sampling is an important tool in agriculture, environmental science, and geology.

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Answer:

between 0.1 and 1.0

Explanation:

this is because a solute is usually only slightly soluble in water

I literally just learned this so I am pretty sure

In the preparation of sulfanilamide, aqueous sodium bicarbonate is used instead of aqueous sodium hydroxide to neutralize the solution in the final step.

This is because sulfanilamide is an acid and reacts with the strong base sodium hydroxide to form a highly water-soluble salt. However, this salt can be difficult to separate from the water-soluble impurities in the reaction mixture, which can lead to a lower yield of pure sulfanilamide.

On the other hand, sodium bicarbonate is a weaker base and reacts with sulfanilamide to form a less water-soluble salt. This salt can be easily separated from the impurities in the reaction mixture by filtration, resulting in a higher yield of pure sulfanilamide. Furthermore, the use of sodium hydroxide can also lead to the formation of unwanted side products or degradation of the sulfanilamide molecule. Aqueous sodium bicarbonate is a gentler option that does not have these negative effects on the product.

In summary, the use of aqueous sodium bicarbonate to neutralize the solution in the final step of sulfanilamide preparation results in a higher yield of pure sulfanilamide with fewer side products or degradation.

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Answer:

A both

Explanation:

hope this helped

Answer:

78 pairs of chromosomes

Explanation:

In this question, we have to use Graham's law of effusion in order to find the molar mass of this unknown gas, the formula is the following:

r1/r2 = √ M2/M1

Where:

r1 = rate of gas 1, in this case oxygen, 625 m/sec

r2 = rate of gas 2, unknown gas, 425 m/sec

M1 = molar mass of gas 1, oxygen, 32g/mol

M2 = molar mass of gas 2, unknown

Adding the values into the formula:

625/425 = √ M2/32

1.47 = √ M2/32

(1.47)^2 = M2/32

2.16 = M2/32

M2 = 32 * 2.16

M2 = 69.12g/mol is the molar mass of this gas

A carbon atom has six protons, which are positively charged particles found in the nucleus of the atom. It also has six neutrons, which are uncharged particles also found in the nucleus.

Surrounding the nucleus are six electrons, which are negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus in shells or energy levels. The first energy level of a carbon atom contains two electrons, while the second energy level contains four electrons. The first energy level is closer to the nucleus and has a lower energy level than the second energy level. In terms of labeling the areas of positive and negative charge, the nucleus of the atom, which contains the protons and neutrons, has a positive charge due to the presence of the protons. The electrons, which orbit the nucleus, have a negative charge and are distributed in the shells or energy levels surrounding the nucleus.

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It's not really possible to tell longitudinal vs. transverse in this image as given. However, we can say that the waves labeled A are high-frequency (short wavelengths) while the waves labeled B are low-frequency (long wavelengths). So, this third answer choice would be correct here.

Answer:

for 1st question the answer is maybe 4th or 1st ( I think 4th ).

and for the 2nd question 4th ( consumers ) option is the answer

and the answer of third question is omnivores.

Answer:

1) The transfer or flow of energy.

2)Consumers

3)Omnivores

May it help you

The molecular solids can not expand to conduct electricity because there are small distances between the atoms and also their bonds are very strong, both characteristics make the movement of particles very small (they only vibrate in place), and that also causes the electrons to be attracted to the atoms with greater force and therefore they do not move easily.

Physical changes are the changes that happen merely because something's shape or form changes, but its chemical or internal makeup doesn't.

Chemical changes are those that take place when a substance's makeup changes and produces a new compound. These modifications are permanent. Chemical reactions result in these modifications.

Examples of chemical changes are combustion of fuel or wood: that oil or wood convert into energy, CO₂ and ash in case of wood.

Example of physical changes are Ice forming from water, turning water into gas, The water molecules in this substance don't change in composition or state; they just rearrange themselves.

Thus, Physical changes are the changes that happen merely because something's shape or form changes.

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Respiration is the chemical process by which organic compounds release energy. The compounds change into different ones by exergonic reactions. The hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and phosphoric acid (Pi) releases energy (it is an exergonic reaction).

Answer: Dinitrogen Monoxide ( also called nitrous oxide )

is an inorganic ( not made from living matter) compound with the chemical formula of N2O.

Explanation:

Read above

the final pressure is approximately 5.33 bars. The first step is to use the ideal gas law to calculate the number of moles of gas in each container: n = PV/RT.

Then, add the number of moles of each gas to get the total number of moles. Next, use the total number of moles and the volume of the flask to calculate the final pressure using the same equation: P = nRT/V. The final pressure in the flask containing the gas mixture is 5.31 bars. To find the final pressure of the gas mixture, we'll use the ideal gas law: PV = nRT. Here, P is pressure, V is volume, n is the amount of substance, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature. Since the temperatures aren't mentioned, we'll assume they remain constant. The combined pressure is P_total = (P1V1 + P2V2) / V_total. Plugging in the given values, P_total = ((4.99 bars * 2.33 L) + (5.76 bars * 5.30 L)) / 8.29 L. After calculations, the final pressure is approximately 5.33 bars.

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121 mol CH₄

Math

Pre-Algebra

Order of Operations: BPEMDAS

Chemistry

Organic

Atomic Structure

Step 1: Define

7.31 × 10²⁵ molecules CH₄

Step 2: Identify Conversions

Avogadro's Number

Step 3: Convert

\(\displaystyle 7.31 \cdot 10^{25} \ molecules \ CH_4(\frac{1 \ mol \ CH_4}{6.022 \cdot 10^{23} \ molecules \ CH_4} ) = 121.388 \ mol \ CH_4\)

Step 4: Check

Follow sig fig rules and round. We are given 3 sig figs.

121.388 mol CH₄ ≈ 121 mol CH₄

Answer:

Making observations

Explanation:

Answer:

Here we were given the weight of Ca as 80g

and the atomic mass of carbon is 40u(molar mass)

using the formula

where w is weight and m is molar mass

80/40

=2

therefore, there are 2 moles in 80g of calcium

Answer:

4,5

Explanation:

-log(H+)=-log(3,2x10^-5)=4,49

The pH of the solution will be 4.49

A solution's acidity or alkalinity is determined by the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution. Typically, the pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. Acidic aqueous solutions with a pH will be less than 7 at 25°C are acidic, while basic or alkaline aqueous solutions with a pH  will be more than 7 considered basic or alkaline.

The pH formula can be represented as:

pH = -log[\(H_{3}O\)]

Calculation of pH is shown as:

It is given that the , \([H_{3}O^{+} ]\) = 3.2 × \(10^{-5} M\).

Now, put the value of given data in pH formula.

pH = -log[3.2 × \(10^{-5} M\)]

pH = -log[3.2] -log[\(10^{-5} M\)]

pH = -0.5051b+5 log 10     (log 10 = 1)

pH = 4.49

Therefore, the value of pH will be 4.49.

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Answer:

The answer is

2 moles of hydrogen react with 1 mole of oxygen to form 2 moles of water