What will be the pH at which an ammonium ion (pKa 9.2) will be 95% deprotonated? (Concept: percentage used to determine to pH)

Answer:

Option A. 0

Explanation:

To know the number of lone pair on each H in NH3, we shall determine how NH3 is formed. This is illustrated below:

3H + N —> NH3

Three atoms of Hydrogen, H reacted with 1 atom of nitrogen to produce ammonia, NH3. Each atoms contribute one electron each to form the covalent bond in NH3.

Hydrogen has only one electron and it will share it with the nitrogen atom to produce ammonia.

Further details can be seen in the attached photo.

Further more, in the attached photo, we can see that there is no lone pair of electron in the hydrogen atom as all it's electron has been used to form bond with the nitrogen atom. Only the nitrogen has a lone pair of electron.

Therefore, there are zero lone pair of electron on each hydrogen, H atom in ammonia, NH3.

The electron geometry of XeF2 is linear (option c). In XeF2, xenon (Xe) is the central atom, and it has two bonding pairs and three non-bonding pairs of electrons around it. The arrangement of these electron pairs is linear, which means they are positioned in a straight line.

To determine the electron geometry, we consider both the bonding and non-bonding electron pairs. In this case, the three non-bonding pairs of electrons exert repulsion on each other and cause the bonding pairs to spread out in a linear fashion. The repulsion between the electron pairs results in a linear electron geometry.

In the case of XeF2, the molecular geometry is also linear since there are only two bonding pairs and no lone pairs around the central atom. Therefore, the correct answer is linear (option c) for the electron geometry of XeF2.

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Answer:

0.3M

Explanation:

Find the amount concentration of the anion in a 0.100 mol/L solution of Al(CIO3)3.

FOR EVERY MOLE OF Al(CIO3)3., THERE ARE 3 MOLES OF CIO3.

SO IN A 0.00m SOLUTION, THE CONCENTRATION OF THE ANION

ClO3 IS 3X0.1M = 0.3M

.

Answer:

D.  Newton's second law

Explanation:

Answer: A certain element exists as three different isotopes. 24.1% of all the isotopes have a mass of 75.23 amu, 48.7% have a mass of 74.61 amu, and 27.2% have a mass of 75.20 amu. What is the average atomic mass of this element?

Explanation: A certain element exists as three different isotopes. 24.1% of all the isotopes have a mass of 75.23 amu, 48.7% have a mass of 74.61 amu, and 27.2% have a mass of 75.20 amu. What is the average atomic mass of this element? 74.92 amu. Use your periodic table to determine which element this is. As. An element exists

The average atomic mass of the element is 74.93 amu

Let the 1st isotope be A

Let the 2nd isotope be B

Let the 3rd isotope be C

From the question given above, the following data were obtained:

Abundance of A (A%) = 24.1%

Mass of A = 75.23 amu

Abundance of B (B%) = 48.7%

Mass of B = 74.61 amu

Abundance of C (C%) = 27.2%

Mass of C = 75.23 amu

The average atomic mass of the element can be obtained as follow:

= [(75.23 × 24.1)/100] + [(74.61 × 48.7)/100] + [(75.23 × 27.2)/100]

= 18.13043 + 36.33507 + 20.46256

Thus, the average atomic mass of the element is 74.93 amu

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The pH of the solution at the end of the titration is 9.32.

To solve this problem, we will use the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between NH3 and HCl:

NH3 (aq) + HCl (aq) → NH4Cl (aq)

From this equation, we can see that one mole of NH3 reacts with one mole of HCl to form one mole of NH4Cl. Therefore, we can use the following equation to determine the number of moles of HCl that react with the given amount of NH3:

moles of HCl = (volume of HCl) × (molarity of HCl)

moles of HCl = 0.048 L × 0.33 mol/L = 0.01584 mol

Since NH3 and HCl react in a 1:1 mole ratio, the number of moles of NH3 used in the titration is also 0.01584 mol.

Now we can use the equilibrium constant expression for the reaction between NH3 and water to determine the concentration of OH- ions produced by the reaction of NH3 with water:

Kb = [NH4+][OH-]/[NH3]

Since we are given the initial concentration of NH3, we can assume that the concentration of NH3 at equilibrium is approximately equal to the initial concentration. Therefore:

Kb = [NH4+][OH-]/(0.19 M)

The concentration of NH4+ can be assumed to be negligible compared to the concentration of NH3. Therefore, we can simplify the expression:

Kb = [OH-]^2/(0.19 M)

Solving for [OH-], we get:

[OH-] = sqrt(Kb × 0.19 M) = sqrt(1.8 × 10^-5 × 0.19) = 1.53 × 10^-3 M

Now we can use the fact that NH3 is a weak base and that the reaction between NH3 and HCl is an acid-base neutralization reaction to determine the pH of the solution at the end of the titration. At the equivalence point, all of the NH3 has reacted with the HCl to form NH4Cl. Therefore, the concentration of NH3 at the equivalence point is zero, and the concentration of NH4+ is equal to the number of moles of NH3 used in the titration divided by the total volume of the solution:

[NH4+] = (0.01584 mol)/(0.025 L + 0.048 L) = 0.161 M

Now we can use the fact that NH4+ is a weak acid and that the equilibrium constant expression for its reaction with water is:

Ka = [NH3][H+]/[NH4+]

Since we know the concentration of NH4+ and we can assume that the concentration of NH3 at equilibrium is approximately equal to its initial concentration, we can simplify the expression:

Ka = [NH3][H+]/(0.161 M)

Solving for [H+], we get:

[H+] = Ka × (0.161 M)/[NH3] = (5.7 × 10^-10) × (0.161 M)/(0.19 M) = 4.83 × 10^-10 M

Finally, we can calculate the pH of the solution using the pH formula:

pH = -log[H+] = -log(4.83 × 10^-10) = 9.32

Therefore, the pH of the solution at the end of the titration is 9.32.

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The new pressure of the gas is 692 Pa.

Using the ideal gas law, PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is moles, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature, we can solve for the new pressure.

Initially, we have P1V1 = nRT1, where P1 = unknown, V1 = 1.2 m3, n = 1.3 moles, R = 8.31 J/mol*K, and T1 = 400 K.

During the isochoric process, the volume remains constant, so V2 = V1 = 1.2 m3.

The final temperature is 2T1 = 2400 K = 800 K.

Now we can solve for P2:

P1 = nRT1/V1 = (1.3 mol)(8.31 J/mol*K)(400 K)/(1.2 m3) = 346 Pa

P2 = P1(T2/T1) = (346 Pa)(800 K)/(400 K) = 692 Pa

Therefore, the new pressure of the gas is 692 Pa.

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Answer:

Convection 

is the movement of heat by a fluid such as water or air. The fluid (liquid or gas) moves from one location to another, transferring heat along with it. This movement of a mass of heated water or air is called a current. Radiation is the transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves.

Answer:

A. The reactants are changed to form the products.

Explanation:

Chemical reactions are reactions that involves a change in the chemical composition of substances involved while a nuclear reaction is the process of fusing together or splitting the nucleus of an atom. According to this question, matter is said to undergo both types of reaction.

However, one similarity in both chemical and nuclear reactions is that substances called REACTANTS are changed to form PRODUCTS. In nuclear reaction, the atoms joined or split are the reactants while the ones formed are the products.

Answer: A

Explanation:

Proper disposal methods vary depending on the specific chemical, so it is recommended to consult local regulations and authorities to determine the appropriate disposal methods for each hazardous item found.

As I do not have access to the specific hazardous chemicals present in your home, it is essential to conduct a thorough inventory yourself. Start by examining various areas such as the garage, kitchen, bathroom, and cleaning supplies to identify hazardous substances like old paint, pesticides, solvents, batteries, expired medications, and cleaning agents.

Once hazardous chemicals are identified, it is important to handle them with caution, following any safety instructions provided on the labels or packaging. To determine the proper disposal method for each item, consult local guidelines and regulations.

Local authorities, waste management facilities, or recycling centers can provide information on collection events, drop-off locations, or special disposal procedures. It is crucial to follow these guidelines to ensure the safe and responsible disposal of hazardous chemicals, minimizing the potential risks to human health and the environment.

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Answer:

9.90

Explanation:

Given [H+] = 1.25 x 10^-10 M, we can calculate the pH using the formula:

pH = -log10([H+])

pH = -log10(1.25 x 10^-10)

Using logarithmic properties:

pH = -log10(1.25) - log10(10^-10)

Since log10(10^-10) is equal to -10:

pH = -log10(1.25) - (-10)

pH = -log10(1.25) + 10

Now, evaluating the logarithm using a calculator:

pH = -0.0969 + 10

pH = 9.9031

Therefore, the pH of the solution with [H+] = 1.25 x 10^-10 M is approximately 9.9031. Rounding it to two decimal places, the pH is approximately 9.90.

Answer:

The chlorine is more reactive than the iodine in potassium iodide. This causes the iodine to be displaced from the compound and chloride ions take its place instead.

Explanation:

Answer:

Potassium iodide + chlorine gas. In this reaction when potassium iodide solution is put into chlorine gas a rapid reaction occurs and black iodine solid is formed along with potassium chloride solution. The chlorine has kicked the iodide out.

Explanation:

the molarity of zinc sulfate in the resulting solution is 0.24 M

Calculation :

n=m/M

n(NaI)=4.60g/(149.89g/mol)=0.030mol(NaI)​)

C=n/V

C(NaI)=0.030mol/0.125L=0.24M

The answer is 0.24 M

Molarity (also called molarity, bulk concentration, or substance concentration) is a measure of the concentration of a chemical species, especially a solute, in solution, expressed as the amount of substance per unit volume of solution. In chemistry, the most commonly used unit of molarity is moles per liter, symbolized in SI units as mol/L or mol/dm3. A solution with a concentration of 1 mol/L is called 1 molar, commonly called 1 M.

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Explanation:

Human activities such as agriculture, fuel combustion, wastewater management, and industrial processes are increasing the amount of N2O in the atmosphere. Nitrous oxide is also naturally present in the atmosphere as part of the Earth's nitrogen cycle, and has a variety of natural sources.

Answer:

ionic bond

Explanation:

The equilibrium concentrations of N2O₄ and NO₂ after the addition of 1.00 mol NO₂ to a 1.00 L solution are 0.5 M and 3.0 M, respectively.

The reaction N2O4 ⇌ 2NO2 is given. After the addition of 1.00 mol NO2 to a 1.00 L solution, we are to determine the equilibrium concentrations of N2O4 and NO2.

Initial moles of NO2 = 1.00 mol

Initial concentration of N2O4 = 1.5 M

Using the equation N2O₄ ⇌ 2NO₂, the initial concentration of NO₂ can be calculated as follows:

Initial concentration of NO₂ = (0 × 2)/1.5 = 0 M

From the equation N2O₄ ⇌ 2NO₂, it is known that 1 mole of N2O₄ yields 2 moles of NO₂.

Therefore, the number of moles of N2O₄ that dissociate can be determined:

Initial moles of N2O₄ = (1.5 - x)

Total moles of NO₂ = (2 + x)

2 + x = 3.5 moles

x = 1.5 moles

Hence, 1.5 moles of N2O₄ dissociate to form 3.0 moles of NO₂, leaving 0.5 moles of N2O₄ remaining in equilibrium.

The concentrations of N2O₄ and NO₂, the formula for molar concentration is used:

Concentration = Number of moles / Volume of solution

Concentration of N2O₄ = 0.5 moles / 1 L = 0.5 M (as 0.5 moles of N2O₄ remains)

Concentration of NO₂ = 3.0 moles / 1 L = 3.0 M (as 3.0 moles of NO₂ is formed)

Therefore, the equilibrium concentrations of N2O₄ and NO₂ after the addition of 1.00 mol NO₂ to a 1.00 L solution are 0.5 M and 3.0 M, respectively.

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Answer:

here you are

Explanation:

Fertile soil has the following characteristics: It is rich in nutrients necessary for basic plant nourishment. This includes nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. It consists of adequate minerals such as boron, chlorine, cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, magnesium, molybdenum, sulphur and zinc.

I copy ninja

Answer: The volume is 70872 L

Explanation:

Combined gas law is the combination of Boyle's law, Charles's law and Gay-Lussac's law.

The combined gas equation is,

\(\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2V_2}{T_2}\)

where,

\(P_1\) = initial pressure of gas (STP) = 1 atm

\(P_2\) = final pressure of gas = 99.2 kPa = 0.98 atm  (1kPa=0.0098atm)

\(V_1\) = initial volume of gas  = 67000 L

\(V_2\) = final volume of gas = ?

\(T_1\) = initial temperature of gas (STP)  = 273K

\(T_2\) = final temperature of gas = \(10.0^0C=(273+10)K=283K\)

Now put all the given values in the above equation, we get:

\(\frac{1\times 67000}{273}=\frac{0.98\times V_2}{283}\)

\(V_2=70872L\)

Thus the volume is 70872 L

Answer:

a is unbalanced and bcd is balanced

0.3846 liters of water are needed to dissolve 0.250 moles of \(MgF_{2}\) to make a 0.65 molar solution.

To calculate the volume of water required to dissolve 0.250 moles of \(MgF_{2}\) to make a 0.65 molar solution, we need to use the formula:

Moles of solute divided by the litres of solution equals molarity.

This formula can be changed to account for the volume of the solution:

Volume of solution (in liters) = moles of solute / Molarity

First, let's calculate the number of moles of \(MgF_{2}\) required for the solution:

moles of \(MgF_{2}\) = Molarity x volume of solution in liters

moles of \(MgF_{2}\) = 0.65 x volume of solution in liters

moles of \(MgF_{2}\) = 0.65 x V

We know that we need to dissolve 0.250 moles of \(MgF_{2}\), so we can set this equal to the calculated value above:

0.250 = 0.65 x V

Solving for V:

V = 0.250 / 0.65

V = 0.3846 liters

Therefore, we need 0.3846 liters of solution to dissolve 0.250 moles of \(MgF_{2}\) to make a 0.65 molar solution. To determine the volume of water needed, we subtract the volume of \(MgF_{2}\) from the total volume of solution:

Volume of water = Total volume of solution - Volume of \(MgF_{2}\)

Volume of water = 0.3846 L - 0 L (since \(MgF_{2}\) is a solid and does not contribute to the volume of the solution)

Volume of water = 0.3846 L

Therefore, we need 0.3846 liters of water to dissolve 0.250 moles of \(MgF_{2}\) to make a 0.65 molar solution.

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The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between oxygen and hydrogen to form water is:

2H2 + O2 → 2H2O

The molar mass of oxygen is 32 g/mol. Therefore, 64.0 g of oxygen is equivalent to 2 moles of oxygen. Since there is excess hydrogen, it is the limiting reactant and will determine the theoretical yield of water.

To calculate the theoretical yield of water, we need to use stoichiometry. From the balanced equation, we know that 2 moles of hydrogen react with 1 mole of oxygen to produce 2 moles of water. Therefore, 2 moles of hydrogen will produce 2 moles of water.

Using the molar mass of water (18 g/mol), we can convert the number of moles of water to grams:

2 moles H2O × 18 g/mol = 36 g H2O (theoretical yield)

To calculate the percent yield, we divide the actual yield by the theoretical yield and multiply by 100:

percent yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) × 100

percent yield = (60 g / 36 g) × 100

percent yield = 166.7%

Since the percent yield is greater than 100%, this suggests that there may have been errors in the experimental procedure or measurements. Factors such as incomplete reactions, loss of product during transfer or filtration, or impurities in the reactants can all contribute to a lower actual yield and a lower percent yield.

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1. The water evaporated in the crystallizer/centrifuge if Potassium dichromate (K₂Cr₂O₇) is to be recovered from 25 wt.% aqueous solutions for a production rate of 1000 kg/h of potassium dichromate crystals is -600 kg/hour.

2. The mass flow rate of the recycle stream is 85.2 kg/hour.

3. The moles of air that flow through the dryer is 450.4 moles/hour.

1. The mass balance equation of water in the crystallizer is:

Flow in + Flow Recycle = Flow out, or

Flow Recycle = Flow out - Flow in

Flow in is the solution that is joined by the recycle stream = 25% of 1000 kg/hour = 250 kg/hour

Flow out is the solution that is left after the water is removed from the crystallizer/centrifuge

= 85% of 1000 kg/hour = 850 kg/hour

Flow Recycle = 850 - 250 = 600 kg/hour

The water evaporated is given by the equation:

Water evaporated = Flow in - Flow out = 250 - 850 = -600 kg/hour

This means that the water is actually condensed and leaves the system as water droplets.

2. The mass balance equation for potassium dichromate in the system is:

Flow in + Flow Recycle = Flow out, or

Flow Recycle = Flow out - Flow in

Flow in is the solution that is joined by the recycle stream = 25% of 1000 kg/hour = 250 kg/hour

Flow out is the solution that is left after the water is removed from the crystallizer/centrifuge = 850 kg/hour

The mass of potassium dichromate crystals in the solution that leaves the crystallizer/centrifuge is given as follows:

Mass of potassium dichromate crystals = 10% of 850 kg/hour = 85 kg/hour

Mass flow rate of the recycle stream = Flow Recycle × Concentration of Potassium dichromate in the recycle stream

The concentration of potassium dichromate in the recycle stream is given by the equation:

Concentration of potassium dichromate in the recycle stream = Mass of potassium dichromate crystals / Flow Recycle

= 85/600 = 0.142 kg/kg = 14.2%

Thus the mass flow rate of the recycle stream is given by:

Mass flow rate of the recycle stream = Flow Recycle × Concentration of Potassium dichromate in the recycle stream

= 600 × 0.142 = 85.2 kg/hour

3. The number of moles of water in the air leaving the dryer is given as follows:

N = 0.08/0.92 = 0.087 moles of water per mole of dry air

The mass flow rate of the air leaving the dryer is given by the mass balance equation of air:

Flow in = Flow out, or

Flow out = Flow in

The mass flow rate of potassium dichromate crystals is given as 1000 kg/hour.

The mass of filter cake is 85% of 1000 kg/hour = 850 kg/hour

The mass of crystals in the filter cake is 85% of 850 kg/hour = 722.5 kg/hour

The mass of the res solution is given as:

Mass of res solution = 850 - 722.5 = 127.5 kg/hour

The mass of dry air is the difference between the mass of the filter cake and the mass of potassium dichromate crystals and res solution:

Mass of dry air = 1000 - 722.5 - 127.5 = 150 kg/hour

The number of moles of air is given by the equation:

N = Flow rate / (MW / 1000)

where MW is the molecular weight of dry air which is 28.96 g/molN = 150,000 / (28.96/1000) = 5176.2 moles/hour

The number of moles of water is given by:

N Water = N × Concentration of Water

= 5176.2 × 0.087 = 450.4 moles/hour

Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was

Potassium dichromate (K₂Cr₂O₇) is to be recovered from 25 wt.% aqueous solutions. The solution is joined by a recycle stream and fed to a crystallizer/centrifuge where enough water is removed so the solution is 85 wt.% water. Exiting the crystallizer are the crystals with 10% of the solution, and the remaining solution forms the recycle stream. The filter cake, which contains 85 wt.% crystals and the res solution is fed to a dryer where it is contacted with dry air. The remaining water is evaporated, leaving pure potassium dichromate crystals. The air leaves the dryer with a 0.08 mol fraction of water. For a production rate of 1000 kg/h of potassium dichromate crystals, determine the: 1. water evaporated in the crystallizer/centrifuge 2. mass flow rate of the recycle stream and 3. moles of air that flow through the dryer.

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Thermal energy is transferred to ice causing this to occur. Since the temperature doesn't change, all the thermal energy is used to increase the potential energy.

What is potential energy?

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Due to their improved charge transfer and great environmental stability, 2D Dion-Jacobson (DJ) perovskites have recently received a lot of attention.

Unfortunately, due to the scarcity of high-quality single crystals for precise measurements, their fundamental optoelectronic capabilities are mainly unknown. Here, a reactive, low-temperature-gradient crystallization method is created using 1,4-butanediammonium as a short-chain insulating spacer to generate high-quality 2D perovskite single crystal (BDAPbI4). It is discovered that the BDAPbI4 single crystal exhibits a direct bandgap with effective charge collection (μτ = 1.45 × 10−3 cm2 V−1). The BDAPbI4 single crystal in particular exhibits the expected high ion migration activation energy (0.88 eV).

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Answer:

64.6% of Br and 35.4% of Sr

Explanation:

The percentage composition is obtained defining the percentage in mass of each atom in a molecule.

To solve this question we must find the mass of each atom in 1 mole:

Molar mass Br: 79.904g/mol

Molar mass Sr: 87.62g/mol

The molar mass of SrBr2 is:

79.904g/mol*2 + 87.62g/mol =

159.808g/mol + 87.62g/mol =

247.428g/mol

The percentage of Br is:

79.904g/mol*2 = 159.808g/mol / 247.428g/mol * 100

= 64.6% of Br

And percentage of Sr is:

87.62g/mol / 247.428g/mol * 100

= 35.4% of Sr

When 10 grams of sugar are dissolved in \($1 \mathrm{~L}$\) of water, water is the solvent and sugar is the solute.

When 10 g of sugar is dissolved in 1 L of water, the solvent is and the solute is. The solute in this solution is sugar, while the solvent is water. Simply because sugar is solid at ambient temperature and water is liquid. Sugar molecules take up space between water molecules when they dissolve in water.

As a result, they take up no more room. As a result, the volume of the solution remains constant.

When sugar and water are combined, a clear solution results from the development of a homogeneous solution between the sugar and water. The sugar grains are tiny and dissociate or fragment further when dissolved.

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Answer:

Lithium Carbonite

Explanation:

Answer:

Lithium

Explanation: