(b) Does this process violate the second law of thermodynamics?
Answers
Whether a process violates the second law of thermodynamics depends on the change in entropy of the system. If the entropy increases or remains constant, the process does not violate the second law. However, if the entropy decreases, the process would violate the second law.
The second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of an isolated system always increases or remains constant in any natural process. Entropy is a measure of the randomness or disorder of a system.
In order to determine if a process violates the second law of thermodynamics, we need to consider whether the entropy of the system increases or remains constant during the process.
If the entropy of the system increases, then the process does not violate the second law. However, if the entropy decreases, then the process would violate the second law.
For example, consider a cup of hot coffee placed on a table. The coffee eventually cools down, and the heat energy from the coffee is transferred to the surroundings, causing the entropy of the system to increase. This process does not violate the second law because the total entropy of the system increases.
On the other hand, if the coffee were to become hotter without any external input of energy, this would violate the second law. This is because the entropy of the system would decrease, going against the natural tendency for entropy to increase.
In summary, whether a process violates the second law of thermodynamics depends on the change in entropy of the system. If the entropy increases or remains constant, the process does not violate the second law. However, if the entropy decreases, the process would violate the second law.
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Related Questions
Which event occurs during high tide?
a) All of Earth’s ocean levels rise.
b) The moon’s orbit is closer to Earth.
c) The gravity of the Sun and moon cause the Earth’s crust and water to bulge.
d) Earth’s crust and water are being pulled in opposite directions by the Sun and moon.
Answers
The moon’s orbit is closer to Earth is the event which occurs during high tide.
PerigeeThis occurs once in a month and is the phenomenon in which the moon is
closest to the Earth. This brings about an increase in the tide levels of the
water bodies.
This is the reason why the option B is the most appropriate option as the
moon’s orbit being closer to Earth also signifies a close proximity between
the moon and the earth
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Answer: The answer is: b) The moon’s orbit is closer to Earth.
Explanation: I have my ways :>
Have a great day!
-Sunny
The radius of a circle is increasing at a constant rate of 0. 4 meters per second.
Answers
The radius of a circle is increasing at constant rate of 0.4 meters per second The rate of increase in the area of the circle at the instant when the circumference of the circle is 60π m is 24 π sec. The correct answer is B.
A circle's radius grows at a constant rate of 0.2 m/sec.
The circle's immediate circumference is m.
We are aware of what the circle's area is.
A =π r²
Compare equation with regard to time t.
dA/dt = 2π r dr/dt
while dr/ dt = 0. 2m/ sec
so
dA/dt = 0.8 π r
The circle's circumference is also known to be,
C= 2π r
60π = 2π r
r = 30
Now put the value r in equation
dA/dt = 0.8 π r
dA/dt = 0.8 π 30
dA/dt = 24 π
Your question is incomplete but most probably your full question was
The radius of a circle is increasing at constant rate of 0.4 meters per second What is the rate of increase in the area of the circle at the instant when the circumference is 60π ? m"
(A) 0.24 π sec (B) 24 π sec (C) 247π sec (D) 30π sec (e)240π sec
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FILL IN THE BLANK. if a party to a contract has reasonable grounds to believe that the other party will not perform, he or she can demand in writing assurance of performance: __
Answers
One party may request adequate assurance for measure of confidence from other party in writing if she has reason to suspect that they won't carry out their end of the bargain.
What means adequate?adequate to meet a certain need or need. enough time. a sum of money sufficient to meet their necessities. also: excellent enough: of a good or respectable quality. In addition to being acceptable or sufficient, adequate can also refer to something that isn't any greater than that.
What causes adequate?An appropriate justification is therefore one that guarantees both the accuracy of the faith in the related support relation as well as the assertions that it truly supports.
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involves changing the position of the object that is being acted on by a specific force. multiple choice question. total energy friction kinetic energy potential energy
Answers
The term that involves changing the position of the object that is being acted on by a specific force is kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. It is the energy an object possesses due to its motion.
The faster an object moves, the greater its kinetic energy. When an object is in motion, it has kinetic energy.
Kinetic energy can be calculated using the following equation: KE = 1/2mv² where KE represents kinetic energy, m represents the mass of the object, and v represents the velocity or speed of the object.
The kinetic energy of an object can be increased by either increasing its mass or increasing its velocity. A force is required to change the motion of an object.
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someone answer this please, ill give you brainliest and your getting 100 points.
Answers
if a circuit has 3 A of current and a 5 ohm resistor, how many volts are powering the circuit
Answers
Answer:
Given =
Current = 3 ampere
Resistance = 5 ohm
Solution =
By Ohm's Law
R = V/I
V = R x I
V = 5 x 3
V = 15 volts. Answer
Is s=\(\frac{Ft^{2} }{2m}\) a correct conversion from a=\(\frac{at^{2} }{2}\)?
I just substituted "a" as \(\frac{F}{m}\)
Answers
Answer:
well your substitution method is correct but make sure to double check the original formula
x Methane, has a molar mass of 16.03 grams per mole. How many particles o of methane are present in 120 grams?
Answers
In order to determine the number of particles of methane, use the following expression:
number of particles = (mass /molar mass ) x Avogadro's number
in this case, you have:
molar mass = 16.03 grams/mole
mass = 120 grams
Avogadro's number = 6.02*10²³ particles/mol
replace the previos values of the parameters into the formula for the number of particles:
number of particles=(120 grams/ 16.03 grams/ mol)x(6.02*10²³particles/mol)
= (7.46 mol) x (6.02*10²³ particles/mol)
= 4.50*10²⁴ particles
Hence, the number of particles of methane, in 120 grams, is 4.50*10²⁴
Question. 1 How much heat is necessary to warm 500g of water from 20°C to 65°C?
Answers
Answer:
The heat necessary to warm 500g of water from 20°C to 65°C is 37,620 J.
Explanation:
GIVEN: m = 500 gm, T₂ = 65°C AND T₁ = 20°C, we know that c (specific heat capacity) = 4180
TO FIND: The heat necessary to warm 500g of water from 20°C to 65°C.
SOLUTION:
By using the heat equation,
Q=m c ΔT
ΔT = T₂ - T1
ΔT = 65 - 20 = 45°C
In this case,
Q = 0.2 × 4180 × 45 = 37,620 J
A 2.0 kg rock is dropped from a height of 125 m. What is the momentum of the object just before it strikes the ground (Use g=10 m/s2)?
Answers
Answer:
100Ns
Explanation:
find velocity and then plug into momentum formula momentum=(velocity)(mass)
Answer:
5,000 kg-m/s going south
Explanation:
Since you're only given mass and height, not velocity. You have to find velocity first. The equation for velocity is v=2gh. We know gravity is 10 since it's given & height is also given which is 125m. After doing the math, it's 2,500. Now that you have velocity, you can plug velocity into the formula for momentum which is p=mv. 2.0 times 2,500 = 5,000 kg-m/s going south.
21. True or false The half life is the time for half the stable isotope to decay.
Answers
Answer:
true
Explanation:
half life is the time an isotope takes to decay
Which has more acceleration when moving in a straight line a car increasing its speed?
Answers
A car increasing its speed has more acceleration when moving in a straight line.This means that when a car is actively accelerating and gaining speed, it experiences a greater rate of change in velocity compared to a car that is maintaining a constant speed.
Acceleration is defined as the rate at which an object changes its velocity. When a car increases its speed, it means that its velocity is changing, which implies the presence of acceleration. In this case, the car experiences positive acceleration.
Acceleration is directly proportional to the net force acting on an object and inversely proportional to its mass, as per Newton's second law of motion. When a car increases its speed, it requires a greater net force to overcome the resistance (such as air resistance and friction) and propel the car forward. This greater net force results in higher acceleration.
In contrast, a car moving at a constant speed in a straight line experiences zero acceleration because its velocity remains unchanged. If the car were to decrease its speed, it would experience negative acceleration or deceleration.
Therefore, when considering a car moving in a straight line, the one that is increasing its speed exhibits more acceleration compared to a car moving at a constant speed.
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What temperature is 40 F in Celsius?
Answers
40 degrees Fahrenheit is equivalent to 4.4444444444444446 degrees Celsius.
The Celsius scale is a temperature scale that is used primarily in other parts of the world, while Fahrenheit is primarily used in the United States.
To convert from Fahrenheit to Celsius, you can use the following formula: (°F - 32) x 5/9 = °C
If one wants to know what temperature 40 degrees Fahrenheit is in Celsius, you would use the formula: (40-32)x5/9 = 8x 5/9 = 4.4444444444444446 degrees Celsius
Understanding the relationship between Fahrenheit and Celsius is important as it allows you to be able to easily convert between the two temperature scales.
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Which is one
step that geologists use to find the epicenter of an earthquake?
Answers
Answer:
triangulation
Explanation:
using your compass
Answer:
B. they measure the difference between arrival of P waves and S waves.
Explanation:
Consider an airplane flying with a velocity of 42 m/s at a standard altitude of 3 km. At a point on the wing, the airflow velocity is 88 m/s. Calculate the pressure at this point. Assume incompressible flow. Given: p _1 =7.01×10^4 N/m^2 and rho=0.909kg/m^3 . The pressure at a point on the wing is ×10 ^4 N/m^2
Answers
An airplane is flying with a velocity of 42 m/s at a standard altitude of 3 km. At a point on the wing, the airflow velocity is 88 m/s. The pressure at the point on the wing is \(P = 6.96 * 10^4 N/m^2\).
To calculate the pressure at a point on the wing, we can use Bernoulli's equation, which relates the pressure, velocity, and density of a fluid in steady, incompressible flow.
The equation is as follows:
P + 1/2 * ρ * \(V^2\) = constant
where P is the pressure, ρ is the density of the fluid, and V is the velocity of the fluid.
Given:
\(P_1 = 7.01 * 10^4 N/m^2\) (pressure at standard altitude)
ρ = \(0.909 kg/m^3\) (density of the fluid)
\(V_1 = 42 m/s\) (velocity of the airplane)
\(V_2 = 88 m/s\) (velocity at the point on the wing)
To find the pressure at the point on the wing, we can use Bernoulli's equation for the standard altitude and the point on the wing, and then solve for P:
\(P_1 + 1/2\) * ρ * \(V_1^2\) = \(P + 1/2\) * ρ * \(V_2^2\)
Substituting the given values:
\(7.01 * 10^4 + 1/2 * 0.909 * 42^2 = P + 1/2 * 0.909 * 88^2\)
Simplifying the equation:
\(7.01 × 10^4 + 1/2 * 0.909 * 1764 = P + 1/2 * 0.909 * 7744\)
7.01 × 10^4 + 804.906 = P + 3526.242
\(P + 4329.148 = 7.01 *10^4\)
\(P = 7.01 * 10^4 - 4329.148\)
\(P = 6.96 * 10^4 N/m^2\)
Therefore, the pressure at the point on the wing is \(P = 6.96 * 10^4 N/m^2\)
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A toy car is moved 8m, right, then 1.5m, right, and finally 3.0m, left. If it took 5.0 seconds total for the car to travel its 3 routes, then what is the average speed of the toy car?
Answers
Answer:
2.7
Explanation:
V=s÷t
v=13.5÷5.0
V=2.7
A 4.29 m length of light nylon cord is wound around a uniform cylindrical spool of radius 0.285 m and mass 0.736 kg. The spool is mounted on a frictionless axle and is initially at rest. The cord is pulled from the spool with a constant acceleration of magnitude 3.2 m/s 2
. How much work has been done on the spool when it reaches an angular speed of 6.06rad/s?
Assuming there is enough cord on the spool, how long does it take the spool to reach this angular speed? Answer in units of s.
Answers
(a) The work done on the spool when it reaches an angular speed of 6.06 rad/s is 0.55 J.
(b) The time it takes for the spool to reach this angular speed is 1.9 s.
What is the work done on the spool?The work done on the spool when it reaches an angular speed of 6.06rad/s is calculated by applying rotational kinetic energy.
W = ¹/₂ x I x Δω²
where;
Δω is the change in angular speedI is the moment of inertiaThe moment of inertia of the spool is calculated as;
I = ¹/₂ x Mr²
where;
M is mass of the spoolr is radius of the spoolI = 0.5 x 0.736 kg x (0.285 m)²
I = 0.03 kg·m²
The change in angular speed is calculated as;
Δω = ωf - ωi
Δω = 6.06 rad/s - 0 rad/s
Δω = 6.06 rad/s
The work done on the spool is calculated as;
W = ¹/₂ x I x Δω²
W = ¹/₂ x 0.03 x (6.06)²
W = 0.55 J
The time it takes for the spool to reach this angular speed is calculated as;
Δω = αt
where;
α is the angular accelerationt is the timet = Δω / α
t = 6.06 rad/s / 3.2 m/s²
t = 1.9 s
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12) Driving home from school one day, you spot a ball rolling out into the street (FIGURE 5-27). You brake for 1.20 s, slowing your 950-kg car from 16.0 m>s to 9.50 m>s. What was the average forceexerted on your car during braking and How far did you travel while braking?
Answers
We are given the following information
Mass of car = 950 kg
Initial speed of car = 16.0 m/s
Final speed of car = 9.50 m/s
Time = 1.20 s
The average force exerted on the car during braking can be found using Newton's 2nd law of motion
\(F=m\cdot a\)Where m is the mass of the car and a is the acceleration of the car.
The acceleration of the car is given by
\(\begin{gathered} a=\frac{v_f-v_i}{t} \\ a=\frac{9.50-16.0}{1.20} \\ a=-5.4167\; \; \frac{m}{s^2} \end{gathered}\)The negative sign indicates deacceleration since the car is stopping.
So, the force is
\(\begin{gathered} F=m\cdot a \\ F=950\cdot5.4167 \\ F=5145.865\; \; N \end{gathered}\)Therefore, an average force of 5145.865 N was exerted on your car during braking.
The distance traveled by the car while braking can be found as
\(s=v_i\cdot t+\frac{1}{2}\cdot a\cdot t^2\)Let us substitute the given values
\(\begin{gathered} s=16.0\cdot1.20+\frac{1}{2}\cdot(-5.4167)\cdot(1.20)^2 \\ s=19.20-3.90 \\ s=15.3\; m \end{gathered}\)Therefore, the car traveled a distance of 15.3 m while braking.
how is velocity and momentum related?
Answers
Answer:
(The momentum of an object is equal to the mass of the object times the velocity of the object.) ★Where m is the mass and v is the velocity. The equation illustrates that momentum is directly proportional to an object's mass and directly proportional to the object's velocity.
Please help me thank you
Fr+Cl=FeCl3
Answers
Wish you always happy
Instructions: Answer the following questions in the space provided. Be sure to write your responses in complete sentences.
A father pushes his daughter and son on a sled down a hill.
Part A: Other than the force exerted by the father pushing the sled, identify two additional forces that act on the sled as it travels from the top of the hill to the bottom. (2 pts)
Part B: Explain how each force you identified in Part A will affect the motion of the sled. (2 pts)
Answers
(A) The two additional forces that act on the sled as it travels from the top of the hill to the bottom are friction force and weight of the children.
(B) The force of friction is opposing the motion while the weight of the children is assisting the downward motion.
What are the forces exerted on the sled?
The forces that act on the sled as it travels from the top of the hill to the bottom with either aid the downward motion or oppose the downward motion.
The forces acting on the sled include the following;
the force applied by the fatherthe weight of the children acting normal to the surface of the sledthe force of friction acting upwards to oppose the downward motionThe weight of the children is acting downwards and it will increase the motion downwards since there in the same direction.
The force of friction between the surface of the sled and the hill will oppose the downward motion of the children as the father exerts the downward force.
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Two students are golding opposite ends of a spring in a coassroom. One student stands on the left end of the classroom and the other stands at the right end. They Shake the spring so that a longitudinal wave travels along the spring. In which direction will the longitudinal wave oscillate?
Answers
A longitudinal wave will move along the spring from the left end of the classroom to the right end if the students shake it while holding the spring's opposite ends.
The oscillations in a longitudinal wave take place perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. The spring experiences compressions and rarefactions as a result of the pupils' shaking it. In the medium, compressions are areas with higher density or compression, whereas rarefactions are areas with lower density or expansion.
The compressions and rarefactions will move in the same direction as the wave travels from left to right, and the spring's particles will oscillate back and forth parallel to the spring's length. As a result, the longitudinal wave will oscillate along the spring from left to right, following the direction of wave propagation.
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If I hold an .63kg basketball 2 meters above the
ground, how much potential energy does it have?
If I drop the basketball from this height, how
much kinetic energy would it have right before it hits the floor?
Answers
Answer:
P.E.= 12.348 joules
K.E.=1.26 joules
Explanation:
a ball is thrown straight downward from the top of a tall building. the initial speed of the ball is 10 m
Answers
It takes approximately 5.52 seconds for the ball to reach the ground when thrown straight downward from a height of 150 meters with an initial speed of 10 m/s.
The initial speed of the ball is given as 10 m/s. The ball is thrown straight downward from the top of a tall building.
To calculate the time it takes for the ball to reach the ground, we can use the equation for the motion of an object in free fall:
h = (1/2)gt^2 where h is the height, g is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.8 m/s^2), and t is the time.
In this case, the initial height is not provided, so we cannot directly calculate the time it takes for the ball to reach the ground. However, we can use the fact that the ball is thrown downward to make an assumption about the initial height.
Since the ball is thrown downward, it is safe to assume that the initial height is positive. Let's assume the initial height is 150 meters.
Substituting the values into the equation, we have:
150 = (1/2)(9.8)t^2
To solve for t, we can rearrange the equation:
t^2 = (2 * 150) / 9.8
t^2 = 300 / 9.8
t^2 = 30.61
Taking the square root of both sides, we find:
t = √30.61
t = 5.52
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in fig. 5-7, is the magnitude of the normal force fn greater than, less than, or equal to mg if the block and table are in an elevator moving upward (a) at constant speed and (b) at increasing speed?
Answers
When the block and table are in an elevator moving upward at a constant speed, the magnitude of the normal force (Fn) is equal to the weight (mg) of the block.
This is because there is no net force acting in the vertical direction, so Fn balances out the weight of the block.
If the elevator is moving upward at an increasing speed, the magnitude of the normal force (Fn) will be greater than the weight (mg) of the block. The additional upward acceleration of the elevator requires an additional upward force to accelerate the block. The normal force must be greater than mg to provide this extra force and maintain equilibrium.
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Question 1: A man trailing a trolley bag and suddenly, the wheels of the trolley bag get locked. The man realises that he has to put extra effort to drag the bag. The man finds it difficult to drag the bag because
Answers
Answer: Because of the friction force acting directly on the bag.
Explanation:
The function of the wheels is diminish the effect of the friction force, when the friction pulls back, it makes the wheel rotate, and this force is not applied directly on the bag.
Now the wheels are not working, so now the friction is acting directly on the bag, this is why the mand finds more difficult to drag the bag.
find the mass and center of mass of a solid hemisphere of radius if the density at any point is proportional to its distance from the base.
Answers
center of mass of a solid hemisphere of radius R is 3R / 8 and the Mass of the solid is M.
An elemental disc at a height of h from the base of the hemisphere is taken.
The mass of the elemental disc is taken dM
and the width is taken dy.
et the solid hemisphere be of mass M and has the radius R.
The center of mass will lie vertically which passes through the center of the hemisphere.
Taking the elemental disc at a height h from the base of the hemisphere’s base. The DM is the mass of the elemental disc and the width is dy.
the radius of the disc is:
R = R²- y²
Mass of the disc dM
= (3 M/ 2π R³) × ( πr² dy ) …..(2)
eq.(1) in eq.(2)..................
dM = ( 3M / 2 π R³ ) × π ( R² – y² ) dy)
Y - coordinate of Centre of mass,
Yc = (1 / M) ഽ y dM
Here y is the y - coordinate representing the height of the elemental disc from the base.
Putting the dM and calculating the center of mass, we get
yc= (1/M) ഽ y(3M /2 R^3) × ( R^2 - y^2) dy)
Integrating between 0⟶R
yc = (1/M) ഽ y (3M / 2 R^3) × (R^2 - y^2) dy)
yc = ( 3/2r^3 ) ഽ × (R^3 y- y^3 ) dy
= ( 3/ 2R2)[ (R4 / 2 ) – ( R4 / 4)] = 3R / 8
yc = 3 R /8
Centre of Mass of solid hemisphere (yc) = 3 R / 8.
Mass of solid = M
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At what point of a projectile motion, acceleration and velocity are perpendicular to each other?
Answers
Answer:
At the topmost point where the velocity has only horizontal component whereas the acceleration is vertical.
Explanation:
There is only a horizontal component of velocity at the ap3x of the projectile, and acceleration is vertically downwards owing to gravitation, therefore velocity and acceleration are perpendicular to one another.
the electrostatic force may be written as . in principle, if we set up an experiment with two charged objects and measure the force between them at various distances, the result should follow this theory. if we plot the data as vs. , how should the graph appear?
Answers
The idea that two metals will transmit electrons to one another when they come into contact, creating an electrical triple layer and an attractive force, is where the electrostatic hypothesis got its start.
In layman's words, what is electrostatic force?Electrostatic force is the force a charged body applies to another charge or uncharged body as a result of that body's charge. Examples: 1. Paper fragments are drawn to plastic that has been touched by wool, hair, or fur. 2.
What kind of force is electrostatic?Examples of electrostatic interaction are: With the aid of a comb, we can create electrostatic force when we run a paper piece through the oils in our heads. When one balloon is brushed with hair, the other balloon becomes drawn to it.
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5. An object has 8000 J of kinetic energy and a speed of 12m/s. What is the object's mass?
Answers
Answer:
111.11
Explanation:
the formula is 1/2mv²
impute the values
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