select the correct definition for each of the following terms: (a) system the portion of the universe that is singled out for study everything that lies outside the system being studied the system that is being studied and what surrounds it (b) surroundings the portion of the universe that is singled out for study everything that lies outside the system being studied the system that is being studied and what surrounds it (c) thermal energy energy that results from the interaction of charged particles energy associated with the random motions of atoms and molecules energy associated with motion energy stored within the structural units of chemical substances (d) chemical energy energy possessed by virtue of motion energy associated with the random motions of atoms and molecules energy associated with motion energy stored within the structural units of chemical substances (e) kinetic energy energy possessed by virtue of position energy associated with the random motions of atoms and molecules energy associated with motion energy stored within the structural units of chemical substances

Answer:

C₂H6

Explanation:

Among the given options, the formula A) C₂H6 represents a hydrocarbon (specifically, ethane). Option A

A hydrocarbon is a compound that consists of only carbon and hydrogen atoms. It is important to identify the formula that represents a hydrocarbon among the given options:

A) C₂H6: This formula represents ethane, which is a hydrocarbon. Ethane consists of two carbon atoms bonded together with single bonds and six hydrogen atoms.

B) C₂H5OH: This formula represents ethanol, which is not a hydrocarbon. Ethanol contains a hydroxyl group (-OH), indicating the presence of oxygen in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms. It is an alcohol, not a hydrocarbon.

C) C₂H5Cl: This formula represents ethyl chloride, which is not a hydrocarbon. Ethyl chloride contains a chlorine atom (Cl) in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms. It is a haloalkane, not a hydrocarbon.

D) C₂H6O: This formula represents ethanol, which, as mentioned before, is not a hydrocarbon. Ethanol contains an oxygen atom (O) in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms. It is an alcohol, not a hydrocarbon.

Among the given options, the formula A) C₂H6 represents a hydrocarbon (specifically, ethane). It consists only of carbon and hydrogen atoms, making it a suitable representation of a hydrocarbon.

In summary, the formula C₂H6 (option A) represents a hydrocarbon, while the other options contain additional elements (oxygen or chlorine) that make them non-hydrocarbon compounds. Option A

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Answer:

Explanation:

SnSe2 = Tin (IV) selenide

GaAs = Gallium arsenide

Pb(SO4)2 = Lead(II) sulfate

Be(HCO3)2 =Beryllium Bicarbonate.

Mn2(SO3)3 = Manganese(III) Sulfite.

Al(CN)3  =Aluminum Cyanide

hope it helps :)

Answer:

ide

Explanation:

the metal keeps its name in an ionic compound, the suffix of the nonmetal is changed to "ide" (ie sodium chloride, NaCl)

The pH of a 1.02 M solution of HI at 25⁰C is approximately 5.94.

the pH of a 0.035 M solution of HClO4 at 25⁰C is approximately 4.23.

(a) HI is a strong acid, meaning it completely dissociates in water. The dissociation of HI can be written as follows:

HI + H2O → H3O+ + I-

The equilibrium constant expression for this reaction is:

Ka = [H3O+][I-]/[HI]

Since HI is a strong acid, we can assume that [HI] ≈ [H3O+]. Thus, we can simplify the expression to:

Ka ≈ [H3O+]^2/[HI]

We can solve for [H3O+]:

[H3O+] = √(Ka*[HI])

The Ka value for HI is approximately 1.3 x 10^-10 at 25°C. Therefore:

[H3O+] = √(1.3 x 10^-10 * 1.02) = 1.16 x 10^-6 M

Taking the negative logarithm of this concentration gives us the pH of the solution:

pH = -log([H3O+]) = -log(1.16 x 10^-6) = 5.94

Therefore, the pH of a 1.02 M solution of HI at 25⁰C is approximately 5.94.

(b) HClO4 is also a strong acid, so we can assume that it completely dissociates in water. The dissociation of HClO4 can be written as:

HClO4 + H2O → H3O+ + ClO4-

The equilibrium constant expression for this reaction is:

Ka = [H3O+][ClO4-]/[HClO4]

Since HClO4 is a strong acid, we can again assume that [HClO4] ≈ [H3O+]. Thus, we can simplify the expression to:

Ka ≈ [H3O+]^2/[HClO4]

We can solve for [H3O+]:

[H3O+] = √(Ka*[HClO4])

The Ka value for HClO4 is approximately 1.0 x 10^-8 at 25°C. Therefore:

[H3O+] = √(1.0 x 10^-8 * 0.035) = 5.92 x 10^-5 M

Taking the negative logarithm of this concentration gives us the pH of the solution:

pH = -log([H3O+]) = -log(

5.92 x 10^-5) = 4.23

Therefore, the pH of a 0.035 M solution of HClO4 at 25⁰C is approximately 4.23.

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Answer:

nine electrons

Explanation:

Answer:

There are 9 total electrons. There is always the same number of protons and neutrons so the charge in the atom balances out. The atomic number is the number of protons, and electrons.

Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

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these are the examples of homogeneous mixture

One percent  of a human's DNA is used for coding Information for the synthesis of proteins.

DNA  is a hereditary material which is present in human beings as well as all other living organisms.  Every cell which is present in an organism's body has DNA  which is the same. Most of the DNA is situated in the cell's nucleus  and small amount of it can be found in the cell's mitochondria as well.

Information which is stored in DNA is stored as codes made up of four chemical bases namely, adenine, thymine , cytosine and guanine.Human DNA consists of 3 billion bases .The order of the bases determines information which is required for building and maintaining an organism.

DNA bases are capable of pairing up with each other. Adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs up with cytosine .Each base is also attached to a sugar molecule  and a phosphate group. A base, phosphate  sugar are together called as nucleotides.

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Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was,approximately what percentage of a human's DNA is used for coding Information for the synthesis of proteins?

5%

25%

99%

95%

1%

Answer:

digestion

Explanation:

he mouth. Digestion begins even before the food enters the mouth.

through digestion large food particles are converted into smaller components that can be readily absorbed into the bloodstream surcrase binds to the active site of sucrase and the put stress on the bond between the two sugars that make up sucrase the bond breaks releasing glucose and fructose

The compounds BaO, Fe₂O₃, ZnO, they all are ionic compounds.

Ionic compounds are compounds made up of positive and negative ions. Electrostatic forces hold them together. The following elements commonly form ionic compounds: nonmetals and metals, polyatomic ions, and transition metals.

Covalent compounds are compounds made up of two or more non-metallic elements. They join together by sharing electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration

BaO: Ba is a metal, while O is a nonmetal, therefore it's an ionic compound

Fe2O3: Fe is a metal, while O is a nonmetal, therefore it's an ionic compound

ZnO: Zn is a metal, while O is a nonmetal, therefore it's an ionic compound

Thus, all of the above compounds i.e. BaO, Fe₂O₃, ZnO are ionic compounds.

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N and C

Because Lithium and Sodium belong to group 1A whereas Magnesium is from group 2A, which are S block elements and they form ionic bond.

Answer:

N and C

Explanation:

Os the right answer

Answer:

b. One molecule of ammonia is composed of two atoms of nitrogen and three atoms of hydrogen.

Explanation:

N2(g) + 3 H2(g) ---> 2 NH3(g)

reason its b.
1 molecule of ammonia would be NH3 , there is 1 atom of nitrogen and 3 atoms of hydrogen. There is not 2 atoms of nitrogen in one molecule of ammonia therefore the reaction does not indicate B.

Reasons its not a, c or d

A. The g means "gas". Each compound and element in this reaction has a g therefore they are all gases. Because all substances in the reaction are gases (or in the same physical state) the reaction indicates answer choice A.

C. That two molecules of ammonia are produced, the product of the reaction is 2NH3. NH3 is ammonia and there is a coefficient of 2 before the NH3 so 2 molecules of ammonia is produced during the reaction.

D. 1 molecule of nitrogen ( N2 ) reacts with 3 molecules of hydrogen ( 3H2 ). This is true looking at the reaction. N2(g) + 3 H2(g)

Answer:

A. Forming a positive ion!

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Answer:

33.4814814815

Explanation:

90.4/2.70

The stoichiometry of proton translocation during the oxidation of NADH in the mitochondria is as follows:

Complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) pumps 4 protons.
Complex II (succinate dehydrogenase) does not directly contribute to proton translocation.
Complex III (cytochrome bc1 complex) pumps 4 protons.
Complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase) pumps 2 protons.

During oxidative phosphorylation, NADH donates electrons to the electron transport chain (ETC) at Complex I. As electrons pass through the ETC, protons are pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane from the matrix to the intermembrane space, establishing an electrochemical gradient. This gradient is subsequently used to generate ATP through ATP synthase.

The proton pumping activities of Complex I, Complex III, and Complex IV contribute to the overall electrochemical gradient and the production of ATP during oxidative phosphorylation.

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The work function of lithium is given as 2.90 eV. The wavelength of light is 1850 A. The kinetic energy of the ejected electron is 0.67 eV.

The kinetic energy of the ejected electron can be determined using the equation;

Kmax= hυ − work function

where h is Planck's constant (6.626 × 10-34 J s),

υ is the frequency of the light, and

Kmax is the maximum kinetic energy of the ejected electron.

The energy of the light can be calculated using the equation:

E= hc/λ

where c is the speed of light (3 × 108 m/s) and λ is the wavelength of light.

Substituting the given values, we get

E= hc/λ= (6.626 × 10-34 J s) (3 × 108 m/s)/(1850 × 10-10 m)= 1.07 eV

Thus, the energy of the light is 1.07 eV.

Substituting the given values into the equation for Kmax, we get:

Kmax= hυ − work function= (6.626 × 10-34 J s)(3 × 108 m/s)/1850 × 10-10 m - 2.90 eV= 0.67 eV

Therefore, the kinetic energy of the ejected electron is 0.67 eV.

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The total charge that flows while the battery is being charged is approximately 193,939.39 Coulombs.

To calculate the total charge that flows while the battery is being charged, we can use the relationship between electrical energy, potential difference, and charge.

The electrical energy (E) stored in the battery is given as 64 mega Jules (64 MJ). The potential difference (V) provided by the battery is 330 volts. We know that the energy (E) is equal to the product of the potential difference (V) and the charge (Q):

E = V * Q

Since the charging process is 100% efficient, all the electrical energy supplied is stored in the battery. Therefore, we can rearrange the equation to solve for the charge (Q):

Q = E / V

Substituting the given values, we have:

Q = 64 MJ / 330 V

To perform the calculation, we need to convert mega Jules (MJ) to joules (J) since the SI unit of energy is joules. One mega Joule is equal to 1 million joules:

Q = (64 * 10^6 J) / 330 V

Calculating the division:

Q ≈ 193,939.39 Coulombs

Therefore, the total charge that flows while the battery is being charged is approximately 193,939.39 Coulombs.

This value represents the quantity of electric charge transferred during the charging process, and it indicates the amount of electricity that enters the battery.

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Answer:

Alex forgot to get a flu shot and missed two weeks of school

Respiration, which releases the energy in food molecules, usually involves energy and enzymes.

Respiration is the process by which cells obtain chemical energy by the consumption of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide.

Respiration is the major process through which living organisms obtain their energy. They do this by breaking down food ingested.

Cellular respiration combines glucose and oxygen to synthesise carbondioxide and water as products. This process synthesize a large amount of energy, however, it utilizes energy as well.

Therefore, energy and enzymes are used up in the process of cellular respiration.

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Answer:

It's the elements atomic mass and the number of neutrons and protons in an atom.

Explanation:

Answer:

12.5 gm

Explanation:

15 days is three half lives  

100 * (1/2)^3 = 12.5 grams

The electron-pushing mechanism for the decarboxylation reaction involves the addition of three curved arrows. The reaction starts with a carboxylic acid, which undergoes a proton transfer to form a carboxylate anion. The carboxylate anion then experiences nucleophilic attack by a base, leading to the formation of a cyclic intermediate. The cyclic intermediate undergoes ring opening, resulting in the expulsion of carbon dioxide and the formation of a new bond. The electron-pushing mechanism helps illustrate the movement of electrons throughout the reaction, highlighting the formation and breaking of bonds.

In the decarboxylation reaction, we start with a carboxylic acid, which is represented by the structure: C(O)OH. The first step involves the proton transfer, where a curved arrow is drawn from one of the lone pairs on the oxygen of the carboxylic acid to the hydrogen atom attached to the same oxygen. This proton transfer leads to the formation of a carboxylate anion, depicted as C(O)O-.

The second step involves nucleophilic attack by a base. Draw a curved arrow from the lone pair on the oxygen of the carboxylate anion to the carbon atom adjacent to the carbonyl group. This movement of electrons results in the formation of a cyclic intermediate. The cyclic intermediate is represented by a ring structure formed by the interaction between the carbon atom and the oxygen atom of the carboxylate group.

The third step involves ring opening. Draw a curved arrow from the carbon atom of the cyclic intermediate to the oxygen atom of the carboxylate group. This movement of electrons breaks the bond between the carbon atom and the oxygen atom, resulting in the expulsion of carbon dioxide (CO2). Simultaneously, a new bond is formed between the carbon atom and the neighboring atom (not specified in the given question).

The overall reaction can be summarized as the decarboxylation of a carboxylic acid, leading to the removal of a carbon dioxide molecule and the formation of a new bond. The electron-pushing mechanism helps visualize the flow of electrons during the reaction, highlighting the formation and breaking of bonds at each step.

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Answer:

The answer is A. Decreased Fluidity

Explanation:

Taking the test on preformance matters

In evaporation, particles of liquids take energy in the form of sunlight from the surrounding and then convert into vapor phase. Increased kinetic energy causes certain liquid molecules to become vapor molecules.

Evaporation is a physical process in which the water in liquid state converts to gaseous state at the temperature below its boiling point. Evaporation happens before the boiling process.

Evaporation causes cooling effect in the surrounding. During summer when water is kept in earthen pot water cools, this is because of the evaporation process.

Evaporation is affected by temperature. As the temperature increases, kinetic energy of liquid molecules also increases and hence the rate of evaporation increases.

Therefore, increased kinetic energy causes certain liquid molecules to become vapor molecules.

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Answer:

1.02 N/mm2

Explanation:

We can see that the pressure is applied on the small weight that covers the opening.

The area of the circular opening is π(0.512 mm)

= 0.824 mm2

Pressure = Pressure = Force / Area

=  (0.847 N) / (0.824 mm2)

= 1.02 N/mm2

Answer:

aefhfcjd

Explanation:

The number of moles of water vapor formed in the reaction is 0.158 moles

The ideal gas equation shows the relationship between number of moles, temperature, volume and pressure.

Now;

P = 122.3 kilopascals or 1.21 atm

V = 5.4 L

T = 730°c or 1003 K

n = ?

R = 0.082 atmLK-1mol-1

PV = nRT

n = PV/RT

n =  1.21  *  5.4/0.082 * 1003

n = 6.53/82.2

n = 0.079 moles

The equation of the reaction is; O2 (g) + 2H2(g) ---->2H2O(g)

If 1 mole of O2 formed 2 moles of H2O

0.079 moles of O2 yield x moles of H2O

x = 0.079 * 2/1

= 0.158 moles

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The mass percent composition of the given compounds is as follows:

a. MgF₂: 61.08% magnesium, 38.92% fluorine

b. Ca(OH)₂: 54.09% calcium, 43.69% oxygen, 2.22% hydrogen

c. C₄H₈O₄: 40.00% carbon, 6.67% hydrogen, 53.33% oxygen

d. (NH₄)₃PO₄: 23.76% nitrogen, 24.08% hydrogen, 51.15% oxygen, 1.00% phosphorus

e. C₁₇H₁₉NO₃: 73.84% carbon, 7.04% hydrogen, 9.23% nitrogen, 9.89% oxygen

The mass percent composition of a compound refers to the relative masses of its constituent elements expressed as a percentage of the total mass of the compound. In other words, it indicates the proportion of each element present in the compound by weight.

For compound a, MgF₂ (magnesium fluoride), the molar mass of magnesium (Mg) is 24.31 g/mol, and the molar mass of fluorine (F) is 18.99 g/mol. Therefore, the mass percent composition of MgF₂ is calculated by dividing the mass of each element by the molar mass of the compound and multiplying by 100.

Similarly, for compound b, Ca(OH)₂ (calcium hydroxide), the molar masses of calcium (Ca), oxygen (O), and hydrogen (H) are 40.08 g/mol, 16.00 g/mol, and 1.01 g/mol, respectively.

Compound c, C₄H₈O₄ (erythrose), is a carbohydrate. Its mass percent composition is determined by the molar masses of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O), which are 12.01 g/mol, 1.01 g/mol, and 16.00 g/mol, respectively.

Compound d, (NH₄)₃PO₄ (ammonium phosphate), is a fertilizer. It contains nitrogen (N), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), and phosphorus (P). The molar masses of these elements are 14.01 g/mol, 1.01 g/mol, 16.00 g/mol, and 30.97 g/mol, respectively.

Lastly, compound e, C₁₇H₁₉NO₃ (morphine), is a painkiller. It consists of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O). Their molar masses are 12.01 g/mol, 1.01 g/mol, 14.01 g/mol, and 16.00 g/mol, respectively.

Mass percent composition provides valuable information about the composition of a compound, allowing us to understand the relative proportions of its constituent elements. It is a crucial concept in chemistry, particularly in determining the purity of substances, analyzing chemical reactions, and designing chemical processes. Calculating mass percent composition helps chemists understand the behavior and properties of compounds, aiding in fields such as pharmaceuticals, materials science, and environmental studies.

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