You now need to think about the whole of the source.
this text is from the beginning of a short story.
how has the writer structured the text to interest you as a reader?
you could write about:
.
what the writer focuses your attention on at the beginning of the source
how and why the writer changes this focus as the source develops
any other structural features that interest you.
[8 marks]

Answer:

The union of an egg and sperm forming a zygote is known in biology as fertilization, during this process the zygote becomes a morula, meaning that the female reproductive cell divides after that union generating many other cells together into a solid ball of cells, giving rise to the embryo with the potential for development, fostered by chemical reactions among the sperm enzymes and the egg's plasma; mitosis and meiosis are included throughout the whole process.

Answer:

1. Syphilis

2. Gonorrhea

3. Chlamydia

4. Trichomoniasis

5. Crabs

6. Genital herpes

7. HPV

Explanation:

STD is an acronym for sexually transmitted disease and it can be defined as diseases that are easily transmissible or contractable from another person through sexual intercourse. Thus, STD spread from an infected person to an uninfected person while engaging in unprotected sexual intercourse. Some examples of STDs are gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, HIV, HPV, etc.

Generally, contracting STDs has a detrimental effect to a patient because it causes an opening (break) or sore in the body of the carrier (patient) and as such making them vulnerable to diseases that are spread through bodily fluids e.g human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Hepatitis, staphylococcus, AIDS, etc.

1. Syphilis: can cause sores, rashes, dementia, or blindness.

2. Gonorrhea: can cause burning urination and infertility

3. Chlamydia: similar to gonorrhea but more likely to be carried unknowingly

4. Trichomoniasis: parasitic STD causing genital irritation and mild discharge.

5. Crabs: pubic lice that cause itching.

6. Genital herpes: untreatable STD causing periodic outbreaks of blisters

7. HPV: can cause genital warts or cervical cancer. HPV is an abbreviation for human papillomavirus and it's a virus that causes most common sexually transmitted infection, giving rise to skin or mucous membrane growths (warts).

Answer:

1) syphilis

2) gonorrhea

3) chlamydia

4) trichomoniasis

5) crabs

6) genital herpes

7) HPV

AMD stands for Acid Mine Drainage. It is formed when sulfide minerals in rocks are exposed to air and water, resulting in the generation of sulfuric acid and dissolved metals. This acidic and metal-rich drainage can have detrimental effects on the environment, including water pollution and damage to aquatic ecosystems.

To manage dump construction and minimize the impact of AMD on the environment, several measures can be implemented:

Prevention: One of the primary approaches is to prevent or minimize the formation of AMD in the first place. This can be achieved by implementing proper waste management practices, including selecting suitable waste rock materials, limiting the exposure of sulfide minerals to air and water, and employing effective cover systems.

Neutralization: Implementing neutralization techniques can help mitigate the acidity of AMD. This involves treating the drainage with alkaline substances, such as lime or limestone, to raise the pH and reduce its harmful effects on the environment.

Containment: Constructing and maintaining effective containment systems is crucial to prevent AMD from infiltrating surrounding soils and water bodies. This can include using impermeable liners, such as clay or synthetic materials, to prevent the leaching of acidic drainage.

Water management: Proper water management is essential to control the movement and accumulation of AMD. This may involve implementing diversion channels, collection systems, and treatment facilities to contain and treat the acidic drainage before it enters the environment.

Monitoring and maintenance: Regular monitoring of water quality, pH levels, and metal concentrations is necessary to detect any potential AMD issues and take appropriate corrective measures. Ongoing maintenance and management of dump sites are crucial to ensure the effectiveness of preventive and mitigation measures.

AMD, or Acid Mine Drainage, refers to the acidic and metal-rich drainage that is formed when sulfide minerals, typically found in rocks associated with mining activities, come into contact with air and water. The exposure of sulfide minerals to oxygen and moisture leads to chemical reactions, resulting in the generation of sulfuric acid. This acid then dissolves metals present in the rocks, such as iron, zinc, and copper, which further contributes to the contamination of water bodies and soil.

The management of waste rock dumps is essential to minimize the impact of AMD on the environment. Dump construction should incorporate measures that aim to prevent the formation of AMD, neutralize its acidity, contain its spread, and manage water flow effectively. These strategies help to minimize the release of acid drainage and metals into the environment, protecting water quality and ecosystems.

The management of waste rock dumps is critical in mitigating the formation and impact of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD). By implementing preventive measures, neutralization techniques, containment systems, effective water management, and regular monitoring, the environmental impact of AMD can be minimized. Adhering to best practices and regulations ensures responsible waste management and helps safeguard water resources and ecosystems.

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Answer: Temperature and PH

Explanation:

Enzyme activity can be affected by a variety of factors, such as temperature, pH, and concentration. Enzymes work best within specific temperature and pH ranges, and sub-optimal conditions can cause an enzyme to lose its ability to bind to a substrate.

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The halogenation of acetanilide involves the substitution of a hydrogen atom with a halogen atom, typically chlorine or bromine.

The mechanism begins with the formation of an intermediate, in which the halogen molecule is polarized by the acetanilide molecule, causing the halogen molecule to become electrophilic.

The electrophilic halogen attacks the nitrogen atom of the acetanilide, breaking the nitrogen-carbon bond and forming a cationic intermediate.

This intermediate is then attacked by the halide ion, replacing the hydrogen atom and forming the final halogenated product. The overall reaction is typically carried out using a halogenating agent, such as N-bromosuccinimide or N-chlorosuccinimide, in the presence of an acid catalyst.

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Answer:

i think the answer is a

Explanation:

in the lytic cycle the virus uses a host cell to manufacture more viruses;The viruses then burst out of the cell

Answer:

D- all of the above

Explanation:

The energy conversions that occur as a microwave oven heats a cup of water is  Electrical energy to Heat energy.

The energy conversions that occur as a microwave oven heats a cup of water is listed below:

The electrical energy powers the microwave which in turn heats up the water by converting electrical energy into heat energy that heats up the water particles in a cup in a microwave.

Thus, the energy conversions that occur as a microwave oven heats a cup of water is  Electrical energy to Heat energy.

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The two different cell staining protocols provide different information about the types of cells present in the experimental unknown sample. Gram staining protocol provides information about the structural differences between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

When conducting two different cell staining protocols with the mixed-species broth culture, each individual type of cell provides different information about the types of cells present in the experimental unknown sample. This is because the two different types of cell staining protocols used are Gram staining and Acid-fast staining protocols. Gram staining protocol is used to differentiate bacteria into two groups: gram-positive and gram-negative.

When using this protocol, gram-positive bacteria will appear purple due to their thick peptidoglycan layer while gram-negative bacteria will appear pink due to their thin peptidoglycan layer. Hence, this type of protocol provides information about the structural differences between the two types of bacteria. The acid-fast staining protocol is used to identify the presence of mycobacteria in a sample. When using this protocol, mycobacteria will appear red due to their high lipid content which allows the cells to retain the primary stain. Other types of bacteria will appear blue due to the counterstain used.

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Domestication of many organisms, such as honeybees and livestock causes a decrease in the genetic diversity of the organisms.

Genetic diversity refers to the range of genetically different individuals that are present in the same species. Domestication is the process by which the wild animals as well as plants are adapted to the human environment.

Domestication of livestock and honeybees is often done for economic reasons. An unintended consequence of the process of domestication is the decrease in the genetic diversity of the species. This decreases leads to a decrease in the variation which reduces the survival advantage of these species.

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Answer:

1. Phenotype

2. Dominant

Explanation:

Phenotype of an organisms refers to the noticeable characteristics of such organisms. According to this question, Lily's dog inherited a gene for his black coat color from his parents. The black coat color is the observed trait of such dog, hence, the black coat color is the PHENOTYPE.

The black color allele is dominant over the white color allele in the color gene, hence, the gene that encodes this black color in Lily's dogs is DOMINANT.

The estimated time it will take for the population to reach 5000 bacteria is approximately 13.4 hours.

To estimate when the population will reach 5000 bacteria, we can set up the equation P(t) = 5000 and solve for t.

The given equation for population growth is P(t) = 1000e^(0.12t). To solve for t, we can substitute 5000 for P(t):

5000 = 1000e^(0.12t)

To isolate the exponential term, we can divide both sides of the equation by 1000:

5 = e^(0.12t)

Next, we can take the natural logarithm (ln) of both sides to remove the exponential:

ln(5) = ln(e^(0.12t))

Using the property of logarithms, ln(e^(0.12t)) simplifies to 0.12t:

ln(5) = 0.12t

Now, we can solve for t by dividing both sides by 0.12:

t = ln(5) / 0.12

Using a calculator, we find that ln(5) is approximately 1.6094. Dividing this by 0.12 gives us an approximate value for t:

t ≈ 1.6094 / 0.12 ≈ 13.4117

Rounding to the tenths place, the estimated time it will take for the population to reach 5000 bacteria is approximately 13.4 hours.

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The most helpful of these methods is radiometric dating because it is the only one that can determine the age of objects older than a few thousand years.

Researchers use some kind of clock to ascertain the date when a rock or fossil was generated in order to calculate its age. In order to reliably date historic events, geologists frequently utilize radiometric dating techniques, which are based on the natural radioactive decay of specific elements like potassium and carbon.

Utilizing radioactive materials in the rock, absolute age can be determined. If specific fossils are found in the same rock, their age is presumed to be the same, with the absolute age determined by radioactive materials.

Therefore, during the radiometric dating method. In order to determine an object's absolute age, geologists employ a range of methods, including as radiometric dating, tree rings, ice cores, and seasonal sedimentary deposits known as varves.

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The growth rate of the shark population when it consists of 30 individuals is 0.9, which is equivalent to 18 individuals per year. Hence, the correct answer is option a) 18.

Logistic growth is a population growth model that takes into account the carrying capacity of the environment, which is the maximum population size that the environment can sustain. In logistic growth, the growth rate of the population decreases as it approaches the carrying capacity.

To calculate the growth rate of the shark population when it is composed of 30 individuals, we need to determine the proportion of the carrying capacity that the population represents. The proportion is calculated by dividing the current population size (30) by the carrying capacity (50), which gives us 0.6.

Next, we multiply the proportion by the maximum per capita growth rate of 1.5 per year. The calculation is as follows: 0.6 * 1.5 = 0.9.

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The solar system is composed of the Sun, the planets, moons, asteroids, comets and meteroids.

The solar system consists of the Sun, and everything bound to it by gravity.

The components of the solar system includes:

Therefore, the solar system is composed of the Sun, the planets, moons, asteroids, comets and meteroids.

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In a glass of water, the most common ion found is the hydroxide ion (OH-) and the hydrogen ion (H+).

These ions are formed when water molecules dissociate through a process called self-ionization or autoionization.

In a glass of water, several ions can be found, originating from the dissociation of water molecules. The main ions present are hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH-), resulting from the self-ionization of water.

Water molecules can break apart spontaneously into equal concentrations of H+ and OH- ions through a process called autoionization. This occurs when a water molecule donates a proton (H+) to another water molecule, forming H3O+ (hydronium ion) and OH-.

Additionally, other ions might be present in a glass of water depending on its source. For example, tap water can contain various dissolved ions like calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl-), and bicarbonate (HCO3-). These ions come from minerals and other substances present in the water source, such as groundwater or surface water.

It's worth noting that the specific ion composition of water can vary depending on factors like location, treatment processes, and water source. However, the fundamental ions present in water are H+ and OH- resulting from the autoionization of water molecules.

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I agree with the quote. Viruses have caused pandemics and epidemics throughout history, and they continue to pose a threat to human health and survival.

The COVID-19 pandemic, which began in late 2019, has demonstrated the devastating impact that a new virus can have on global health, the economy, and society as a whole.

In the film, we see how viruses can spread rapidly and cause illness and death. The footage of the Ebola outbreak in West Africa in 2014 and 2015 shows the devastating impact of a highly infectious and deadly virus on communities and healthcare systems. The film also highlights the ongoing threat of emerging viruses, such as Nipah virus and Lassa fever virus, which could potentially cause the next pandemic.

Outside of the film, there is a vast body of scientific research that supports Lederberg's statement. The World Health Organization (WHO) has warned that emerging infectious diseases, including viral diseases, pose a significant threat to global health and security. The WHO has also highlighted the need for better preparedness and response to infectious disease outbreaks to prevent future pandemics.

In light of recent news regarding bioterrorism, Lederberg's statement takes on even greater significance. Advances in biotechnology and genetic engineering have made it possible to create and modify viruses for nefarious purposes. The potential for a bioterrorist attack using a genetically modified virus is a real threat that governments and public health organizations must be prepared to address.

Looking to the future, it is difficult to predict the course of human dominance on Earth. However, it is clear that emerging infectious diseases and bioterrorism pose significant challenges to human survival and prosperity. To maintain our dominance, we must continue to invest in research, technology, and public health infrastructure to prevent and respond to infectious disease outbreaks. We must also prioritize international cooperation and collaboration to address global health threats, as viruses do not respect national borders.

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The membrane-bound compartment indicated by structure D contains  is d)nucleic acids.So,correct option is d.

Nucleic acids are biopolymers, macromolecules, vital for all known types of life.[1] They are made out of nucleotides, which are the monomers made of three parts: a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate bunch and a nitrogenous base. The two fundamental classes of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic corrosive (DNA) and ribonucleic corrosive (RNA). On the off chance that the sugar is ribose, the polymer is RNA; assuming the sugar is the ribose subordinate deoxyribose, the polymer is DNA.

Nucleic acids are regularly happening engineered combinations that go about as the fundamental information passing on particles in cells and make up the genetic material. Nucleic acids are found in flood in each and every living thing, where they make, encode, and subsequently store information of every single dwelling cell of every single life-structure in the world.

Hence, correct option is d.

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(Complete question) is:

The membrane-bound compartment indicated by structure D contains which of the following?

a)ribosomes

b)oxidases and catalases

c)hydrolytic enzymes

d)nucleic acids

Answer:

As you move away from the Earth, the pull of Earth's gravity weakens. ... The bigger the object, the stronger the force of gravity it exerts.

Answer:

This force of gravitational attraction is directly dependent upon the masses of both objects and inversely proportional to the square of the distance that separates their centers. This means that as you move away from an object the gravitational force decreases.

Explanation:

Sorry if its hard to understand, i kinda get deep in the awnswer's but

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The biomolecule that includes a polydentate ligand called a porphyrin is chlorophyll. This is the correct answer.

Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in plants, algae, and some bacteria that are involved in the process of photosynthesis.

It contains a porphyrin ring, which is a complex ring structure composed of four pyrrole subunits, and a central magnesium ion.

The porphyrin ring acts as a polydentate ligand, meaning that it can form multiple bonds with a metal ion, such as magnesium.

This allows chlorophyll to absorb light energy and transfer it to other molecules during the process of photosynthesis.

Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells that are involved in oxygen transport, but it does not contain a porphyrin ligand.

Cytochrome c is a protein that is involved in electron transport, and it contains a heme group, which is similar in structure to a porphyrin ring but has a different metal ion in the center.

Carbonic anhydrase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into carbonic acid, but it does not contain a porphyrin ligand.

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Answer:

G. The star is cooler than a blue star

Explanation:

If the star the astronomer observed is similar in color and size to our sun, then it's impossible for it to be a white dwarf star because they are white and much smaller, while the star the astronomer observed had to have been some shade of yellow or orange and is similar in size to our sun.

A blue star is hotter than our sun by approximately 5000 kelvin. If the star observed is similar in color to our sun then we know that it hasn't reached a temperature hot enough to surpass a blue star, for colors of star change depending on temperature.

Our sun is not as bright as a red giant star. If the observed star was similar in color and size to the sun, then it couldn't have been as bright either.

There is no evidence that supports the star is farther away from other stars in the solar system.

Therefore, the option that makes the most sense is option G.

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The statement that contributes to sustainability is to take a bus to work. Thus, the correct option for this question is D.

Sustainability may be defined as a type of process that significantly fulfills the needs of current generations without compromising the needs of future generations while ensuring a balance between economic growth, environmental care, and social well-being.

Several actions can take that promote the process of sustainability are as follows:

Therefore, the statement that contributes to sustainability is to take a bus to work. Thus, the correct option for this question is D.

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Anaphylaxis caused by stinging insects is typically an allergic reaction to the injected poison, irritating toxin, and deadly venom rather than the bite or sting itself. The correct answer is option(D)i.e, All of these answers are correct.

Anaphylaxis can be fatal if untreated or improperly treated. Even if your symptoms disappear pretty quickly, they may return a few hours later, worsen, and become more challenging to cure.

People who have allergies typically experience mild to moderate symptoms, such as watery eyes, a runny nose, or a rash. Anaphylaxis, a serious allergic reaction that can be fatal, can however occasionally result from exposure to an allergen. When too many chemicals are released at once, shock results, which is a severe reaction

The most frequent triggers within these groups were wasp and bee stings (n = 1460 and 412, respectively), legumes (n = 241), animal proteins (n = 225), and analgesics (n = 277). In children, peanuts, cow milk, and hen's eggs were the most common food allergens to cause anaphylaxis; in adults, it was wheat and shellfish. When you have anaphylaxis, your immune system releases a rush of chemicals that can put you in shock and cause your blood pressure to drop and your airways to constrict.

The complete question is:

Anaphylaxis caused by stinging insects is typically an allergic reaction to ____________ rather than the bite or sting itself.

A. injected poison

B. irritating toxin

C. deadly venom

D. All of these answers are correct

Answer:

The peppered moth is a temperate species of night-flying moth. Peppered moth evolution is an example of population genetics and natural selection and not artificial selection.

Explanation:

Answer:

The phenotype of the moth changed due to natural selection. During the Industrial Revolution, objects in England became a lot darker in color due to the settling of coal pollutants in the air. These light colored moths did not have good camouflage in this environment. Therefore, most of the light colored moths did not survive to reproduce. However, the dark colored moths had better camouflage, and were therefore more likely to survive and reproduce. This lead to a shift towards darker color moths, as they had a higher survival rate than the light colored moths.

Answer:

wheat

Explanation:

because it is producer

Answer:

b

Explanation:

While cellular respiration releases carbon dioxide into the environment, photosynthesis pulls carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere.

Answer:

B. outer core

Explanation:

An S wave is slower than a P wave and can only move through solid rock, not through any liquid medium. It is this property of S waves that led seismologists to conclude that the Earth's outer core is a liquid.

The layer(s) of the Earth through which S-waves can pass is the Outer core. Seismologists concluded that the Earth's outer core is a liquid based on this property of S waves.

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